• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Rock Mechanics Conference
• /
• 2007.10a
• /
• pp.63-79
• /
• 2007

Several remedial works were attempted to stabilize the collapsed area of the inlet slopes of diversion tunnel, but prevention of any further movement was being only carried out at beginning stage by filling the area with aggregates and rock debris, after several cracks had been initiated and developed around the area. The extra specialty developed folding zone is consisted with highly weathered Greywacke and Black shale. The suggested solution is to improve the properties of the rock mass of failed area by choosing the optimum level of reinforcement through the increment of slope rock support design so as to control the movement of slopes during the re-excavation. The Bakun hydroelectric project includes the construction of a hydroelectric power plant with an installed capacity of 2,520MW and a power transmission system connecting to the existing transmission networks in Sarawak and Western Malaysia. The power station will consist of a 210m height Concrete Faced Rockfill Dam. During the construction of the dam and the power facilities the Balui River has to be diverted of the tunnels is 12m and the tunnel width is 16m at the portal area. This paper describes the stability analysis and design methods for the open cut rock slopes in the inlet area of the diversion tunnels. The geotechnical parameters employed in stability calculations were given as a function of four defined Rock Mass Type (RMT) which were based on RMR system from Bieniawski. The stability calculations procedure of the rock slopes are divided into two stages. In the first stage, it is calculated for the stability of each "global" slope without any rock support and shotcrete system. In the second stage, it is calculated for each "local" slope stability with berms and supported with rock bolts and shotcrete. The monitoring instrumentation was performed continuously and some of the design modification was carried out in order to increase the safety of failed area based on the unforeseen geological risks during the open cut excavation.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.945-950
• /
• 2017

Due to the vulnerability of the software, there is a hacking attack on the country's cyber infrastructure and real financial assets. Software is an integral part of the operating system and execution system that controls and operates Internet information provision, cyber financial settlement and cyber infrastructures. Analyzing these software vulnerabilities and enhancing security will enhance the security of cyber infrastructures and enhance the security of actual life in the actual country and people. Software development security system analysis and software development Security diagnosis analysis and research for enhancing security of software vulnerability. In addition, we will develop a textbook for the training of software vulnerability diagnosis and maintenance education, develop pilot test problems, pilot test of diagnostic staff, The purpose of this study is to enhance the software security of the cyber infrastructures of national and national life by presenting curriculum and diagnosis guide to train the software vulnerability examiner.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.58 no.2
• /
• pp.129-140
• /
• 2014

Background: As elderly population has been increasing, pharmacists need to possess special knowledge and skills to provide enhanced pharmaceutical care for senior patients. Purpose: This study aims to systematically review on (1) the certified geriatric pharmacists (CGP) system, (2) the curriculum related to geriatric pharmacy education, and (3) the CGP's performance in terms of clinical, economic and humanistic outcomes in the U.S. Method: The information related to CGP system and curriculum was obtained through the official websites of 'American Society of Consultant Pharmacists', 'Commission for Certification in Geriatric Pharmacy' and the selected pharmacy school samples. Articles about on the outcomes of pharmacist-provided cognitive services including Medication Therapy Management were searched through PubMed. Results: To gain the CGP credential, pharmacists need 2-year experience as pharmacist in advance and take the CGP examination. This certification must be renewed every 5 year. Most pharmacy schools provide geriatric-related curriculum through didactic or pharmacy practice classes for pharmacy students and certificate or dual degree in gerontology are given on completion. Most previous outcomes research reported that pharmacists have played a role in yielding favorable results regarding clinical, economic and humanistic outcomes for nursing facilities, hospitals and community pharmacy settings. Conclusion: Considering the organized CGP certification system and concrete educational courses established the basis for pharmacists to exert their ability for senior patients of the U.S., it is suggested to build a geriatric pharmacist credential model for pharmacists to provide the increasing elderly patients with the requisite safe and effective pharmacy care in Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.12 no.12
• /
• pp.5974-5983
• /
• 2011

This paper is a study to discover the influence of American and Japanese Architecture on Building the post-war Korean Contemporary Architecture by looking through the architectural works of KIM Jongsoo and KIM Swoo-Geun. To overcome the deteriorated Korean architectural production system, these two architects chose different solutions; KIM Jongsoo developed new materials and introduced industrialized production system based on his own research, and KIM Swoo-Geun tried to develope engineering capability via Korea Engineering Consultant Corp. supported by Korean government which led Korean economic development plan. The difference of their solutions was due to their different background; fund of studying abroad, architectural education system in USA & Japan respectively and preferred solutions of personal or national dimension.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
• /
• v.25 no.2_2
• /
• pp.257-262
• /
• 2022

With the shortage of labor force in small and medium-size industries, the Korean Employment Permit System (EPS) continues to bring migrant workers. However, the question remains of the health and safety management of their migrant workers. Considering that a significant part of safety and health problems are caused by migrant workers due to a lack of information on identifying risk and inexperience in the field. Telephone interviews were conducted to investigate the migrant workers' perspectives on workplace safety practices. The survey focused on workers' accident histories, understanding of safety practices, and responding to industrial accidents. A total of 66 accidents occurred among 30 participants. 10 accidents were not reported to the employer (company), which the foreign workers judged to be minor injuries that should not be reported as accidents. 80.0% of the participants expressed dissatisfaction with the PPE they were using. Among various reasons lack of understanding due to language barriers, lack of awareness of the importance of safety, communication difficulties were major reasons for the caused accidents and potential health issues. It is necessary to improve the safety and health support system by providing practical support through specialized educational institutes with experts in the field. A legal framework and a proper safety management system need to be maintained. This study suggests changing the current policy to improve the health and safety of migrant workers by, establishing specialized educational institutes with locally grown foreign experts in the field.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.460-470
• /
• 2022

Customized cosmetics are emerging as a consumer product that companies should pay attention to in the beauty industry due to the combination of market trends and institutional introduction of customized cosmetics. In this study, six offline service brands and online service brands currently in Korea were selected to understand the current status of domestic customized cosmetics online and offline services and to derive detailed characteristics, and the cases of each brand were analyzed. The results are as follows. First, customized cosmetics services could be classified online and offline. Second, customized cosmetics brands could be divided into general brand types and brand extension types. Third, skin data measurements could be classified into genetic analysis, big data-based surveys, and device measurements. Fourth, customized cosmetics manufacturing could be classified into a device manufacturing system, a consultant manufacturing system, and an individual production process system. Fifth, customized cosmetics distribution and delivery could be classified into same-day sales, general delivery, and regular delivery. The results of this study are meaningful in that they have identified and analyzed the current status of personalized cosmetics on-line and offline systems in recent trends, and it was confirmed that creative attempts in the domestic customized cosmetics market continue to change. It is hoped that this study will provide information and ideas to the beauty industry and related experts in the future and be used as basic data for customized cosmetics marketing

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.227-234
• /
• 2009

In this research, a retrofitting process, which consists of a pretreatment system (coagulation) for dye wastewater combined with a biological nutrient system (MLE process using media), for a sewage treatment plant that has to treat dye wastewater efficiently with domestic wastewater were developed and a pilot plant was operated for verifying adoptability and performance of the developed advanced process for dye wastewater. From the results of the pilot plant operation, BOD 52.9%, $COD_{Cr}$ 55.9%, and color 71.3% were removed in pretreatment of coagulation process and the biodegradability of dye wastewater was improved to $0.32{\sim}0.59BOD/COD_{Cr}$ of the coagulated wastewater from $0.29{\sim}0.43BOD/COD_{Cr}$ of the raw dye wastewater. The final effluent concentrations were BOD of 8 mg/L, $COD_{Cr}$ of 43 mg/L, $COD_{Mn}$ of 18 mg/L, T-N of 8 mg/L, and T-P of 1.3 mg/L, respectively. Color was removed from 1655 to 468 unit by coagulation and then to 123 unit by MLE process. The HPLC analysis of aromatic amines in wastewater showed that decolorization was achieved by cometabolism while aromatic amines were produced by cleavage of azo bonds under anaerobic conditions and these products were removed in an aerobic tank subsequently. Nitrification rates of attached and suspended microorganisms were evaluated comparatively and the acclimating conditions of bacteria on media were validated by the scanning electron microscope.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.11-21
• /
• 2011

This study intends to construct scenic byway database and to examine and suggest social experiment of scenic byway. As basis work for the experiment of the scenic byway, we build database by using ITS standard node link management system. The DB includes scenic byway routes of Korea and Japan. The analyses show that the scenic byway in both nations consists of roads, reservation, road sign, vehicle number plate, and it was found that infrastructure and system are inadequate for scenic byway. These experiment can be effectively used for scenic byway in Korea and Japan as the basis data. The results of this experiment will be useful for plan and develop a scenic byway.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
• /
• 2000.05a
• /
• pp.9-26
• /
• 2000

Eventually so as to realize the construction safety, 1 found out the cause of accident and specificities of the construction industry. This study presented to several situations and problems on construction safety. As a result of this study, the below matters must be improved for more effective the construction safety management system. 1. It need to introduce the total construction safety management system. Because there is not effectiveness in the current safety management to the first on the construction field. a. We must consider the safety in the whole parts of the process of the construction and constructors of each part must devide responsibility of the construction safety as a CDM(The Construction Designed Management) used in UK. b. It is desirable to proceed control of safety in the whole parts of the construction to introduce the total safety coordinator that can consult the matters of safety as a law accepted in EU. c. Like management of the construction safety in USA, direction of the construction safety must be made to work exactly by code or manual. d. To improve the organization of the construction safety on the construction field unefficient, it must be introduced safety supervisor, safety coordinator or institutionalization of safety consultant. 2. The law of the construction safety not only have wasteful element but also decrease efficiency by overlapping of regulation, The Ministry of Labour and The Ministry of Construction & Transportation, So laws related with safety must be instituted. a. To realize total safety management, The Ministry of Labour must legislate the basic law about safety management in whole field. b. To legislate the construction safety under one law, and improve efficiency of the overlapping of regulation and the similar law by The Ministry of Construction & Transportation. c. It must be made the law of construction safety that can proper to change of situation in construction. d. The standard of safety must be instituted belong to international level and improved by year. e. We must improve irrational regulation to realize activity of safety self regulating for progress competition in construction industry

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.5-14
• /
• 1992

The role of Community Health Practitioner(CHP) should be continuously adapted to the social changes and the needs for health care services. That is the reason CHP needs to be retrained through the continuing education program. This paper showed CHP's roles to be reinforced by analyzing his present . task performance and ability in seven task areas as well as the changes of the social environment. In addition, this paper presented retraining areas needed for the reinforcement of the CHP's role in the future, and the development strategy of related continuing education package. The major results are as follows: 1. CHP's main practice area is health care services and management & guidance, whereas the development of health information system is neglected. 2. As a result, CHP plays a role mainly as a health care supplier, a consultant and a health instructor. Therefore CHP's roles to be reinforced are management of the community health system, act as a spokesman and a team member, promotion, assessment, collection & maintenance of information, coordination and research. 3. The areas to be reinforced in CHP's continuing education are (]) aged people's health, (2)?drinking & smoking, (3)?young people's health(including drug and sexualissues), (4) rehabilitation, (5)?administration and management for community health, (6)?partnership & membership, (7) local residents' participation and community development, (8) collection & treatment of health information and (9) environmental issues for community health. 4. The priority in developing continuing education package should be given to the area, which is encountered often in rural area but important, and has a good opportunity to be resolved. The health management of aged people was selected as a top priority by members of the Community Nursing Academic Society. 5. It is recommended that the instruction materials be accommodated to the small scale workshop or seminar in order that CHPs can participate actively in the continuing education program.