• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제44권6호
• /
• pp.1089-1094
• /
• 2011

주암호 상수원 상류지역인 송광천에 위치한 봉산 인공습지의 수생태학적 효율 향상을 위한 관리 방안을 제시하기 위하여 시기별, 처리단계별 및 오염물질 부하량별 수처리 효율을 평가하였다. 유입원수의 BOD, SS, T-N 및 T-P의 평균 함량은 $1.87mg\;L^{-1}$, $1.62mg\;L^{-1}$, $11.47mg\;L^{-1}$ 및 $4.40mg\;L^{-1}$이었으며, 연평균 처리효율은 BOD, SS, T-N 및 T-P가 각각 26%, 18%, 16% 및 9%로서 전반적으로 처리효율이 낮았으나 유입수 농도가 높아서 오염물질의 제거량은 매우 높은 편이었다. 인공습지 처리단계별 BOD, SS, T-N 및 T-P 변화를 조사한 결과는 모든 항목에서 침강지의 처리효율이 가장 높았고 BOD와 T-P는 습지 II > 습지 I, SS와 T-N은습지 I > 습지 II 순으로 처리효율이 높았다. 인공습지 구성 시스템별 오염물질 부하량에 따른 오염물질 처리량은 BOD는 침강지 > 습지 I > 습지 II, SS는 침강지 > 습지 II > 습지 I, T-N은 습지 I > 침강지 > 습지 II, T-P는 습지 II > 침강지 > 습지 I 순으로 높았다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.51-57
• /
• 2015

As expected, the expression of denitrifying genes in a Typha wetland (relatively stagnant compared to other ponds), showing higher nitrogen removal efficiency in summer, was affected by temperature. The abundance and gene transcripts of nitrate reductase (narG), nitrite reductase (nirS), nitric oxide reductase (norB), and nitrous oxide reductase (nosZ) genes in seasonal sediment samples taken from the Acorus and Typha ponds of free surface flow constructed wetlands were investigated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (Q-RT-PCR). Denitrifying gene copy numbers ($10^5-10^8$ genes $g^{-1}$ sediment) were found to be higher than transcript numbers-($10^3-10^7$ transcripts $g^{-1}$ sediment) of the Acorus and Typha ponds, in both seasons. Transcript numbers of the four functional genes were significantly higher for Typha sediments, in the warm than in the cold season, potentially indicating greater bacterial activity, during the relatively warm season than the cold season. In contrast, copy numbers and expression of denitrifying genes of Acorus did not provide a strong correlation between the different seasons.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.164-170
• /
• 2016

Since most of the existing wastewater treatment options lack the ability to treat micro-contaminants, the increased use of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) and release as human waste have become a serious concern in recent years. Constructed wetlands (CWs) are a low-cost technology for wastewater treatment, however, its performance in term of PPCPs removal has not yet been fully investigated. This study aimed to characterize the removal factors and efficiency of acetaminophen (ACT) removal by CWs. The results revealed the decreased concentrations of ACT with increasing hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 0, 3, 5 days. The contribution of removal factors was found to be varied with initial ACT concentration. At the low ACT concentration (i.e. 1 ppb), plant uptake was the dominant, followed by microbial and photolytic removal. In contrast, at the high ACT concentration (i.e. 100 ppb), microbial and photolytic removal were found as dominant factors. On the other hand, hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) concentration was found at higher level in the plant shoot than in the root probably due to occurrence of the Fenton reaction resulting in PPCPs removal.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.401-410
• /
• 2017

This study analyzed the changes in the concentrations of organic matters in constructed treatment wetlands, coming from discharge water from a sewage treatment plant and non-point pollutant sources during rainfall events. At the beginning of a rainfall event, a massive amount of particulate organic matter flowed in, and was removed from the sedimentation basin (S1, S2); dissolved organic matter was removed after passing through stepwise treatment processes in the wetland. During dry period in the wetland, the removal efficiency rate for COD and TOC was -21 and -7%, respectively; during the rainfall event, the removal efficiency rate for COD and TOC were 47 and 43%, respectively. The highly-concentrated organic matters that flowd in at the beginning of the rainfall event was stabilized by various structures in the wetland before water discharge. Cyanobacteria blooms annually at the confluence of the So-ok stream and Daecheong Lake. Therefore, it is expected that the wetland will contribute significantly to reducing cyanobacteria and improving water quality in the area.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국농공학회 2000년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
• /
• pp.490-499
• /
• 2000

Several studies on development of water quality treatment systems by wetlands are on going because of their benefits of low construction cost and high efficiency of waste water treatment. The objectives of this study were to review the necessary contents of survey and design factors for constructing constructed wetlands and to examine the required wetland area to treat non-point source pollution through case studies. The measurement of water quality and quantity in precipitation period is needed to analyse the inflow characteristics of the non-point pollution and to determine the amount of design flow. The design inflow for constructing constructed wetland was determined to the total runoff from 30mm of daily rainfall in the AMC(III) condition of the SCS method and is similar 70% of the annual mean runoff. The natural type wetland system with 0.1m of water depth and 5 hours of detention time was applied. From the results of the case studies, 70% of inflow could be treated and 1∼3% of wetland area of the total basin is needed.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.102-108
• /
• 2014

비점오염저감시설에 대한 연구는 활발히 진행되고 있으나, 도로에 자연형 비점오염저감시설 설치시 비점오염저감효율에 대한 연구는 없는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 도로에 설치된 여러 종류의 인공습지에 대한 비점오염 저감효율을 모니터링과 유량가중평균농도법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 분석결과, 인공습지는 일반적인 오염물질인 TSS, COD, BOD, TN, TP에 대한 저감효율은 비교적 우수한 것으로 나타났으며 중금속인 Cr, Zn, Pb의 제거효율은 낮거나 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제44권5호
• /
• pp.929-936
• /
• 2011

비점오염원 저감을 위해 설치된 동복천 인공습지의 효율적인 관리 방안을 제시하기 위하여, 동복천 인공습지의 시기별 및 부하량별 수처리 효율평가를 실시하였다. 유입수의 BOD, SS, T-N 및 T-P 함량은 각각 $0.85{\sim}3.14mg\;L^{-1}$, $3.33{\sim}9.70mg\;L^{-1}$, $0.64{\sim}5.33mg\;L^{-1}$ 및 $0.03{\sim}0.10mg\;L^{-1}$ 범위이었으며, 연평균 처리효율은 BOD, SS, T-N 및 T-P가 각각 34%, 5%, 31% 및 13%로서 BOD와 T-N의 처리효율이 SS와 T-P 처리효율 보다 높았다. 인공습지 구성시스템별 오염물질 부하량에 따른 오염물질 처리량은 BOD에서 침강지 > 습지조 > 침전지, SS에서 침전지 > 습지조 > 침강지, T-N에서 침전지 > 침강지 > 습지조 순이었으며, T-P의 경우에는 침전지와 침강지에서는 큰 차이가 없었으나 습지조에서는 다른 시스템에 비해 높은 효율을 보였다.

• 한국습지학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.184-192
• /
• 2015

습지 토양으로 인한 수질 악화를 저감할 수 있는 저관리형 습지 조성을 위한 기초연구로써 진행된 본 연구의 목적은 인공지반 위에 습지 조성 시 수체와 토양의 분리가 가능한 플랜터형 호안구조물이 설치된 습지의 수질 제어 기작을 연구하는 것이다. 실험구는 고무수조에 마사토를 채운 플랜터형 호안구조물을 적용하여 수체와 토양을 분리하였으며, 대조구는 고무수조에 마사토를 포설하여 수체에 직접 노출시켰다. 실험구와 대조구의 수질을 Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z 검정으로 분석한 결과, pH, BOD, SS, Chl-a, T-P, T-N에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타나 플랜터형 호안구조물 적용 여부에 따른 수질 제어의 효과 차이를 입증하였다. 환경정책기본법에 근거한 수질 분석결과 수온과 EC는 실험구와 대조구가 비슷한 양상으로 나타났으며, pH와 DO는 두 메조코즘이 같은 등급에 속하였다. BOD, SS, Chl-a, T-P는 실험구가 더 높은 등급을 상회하는 것으로 평가되었으며, T-N은 대조구가 더 낮은 수치를 나타냈지만 수질의 등급이 같은 것으로 나타나 미미한 차이임을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 습지 조성 방식에 있어 플랜터형 호안구조물을 활용해 토양과 수체를 분리하여 습지를 조성하면 문제시 되어 오던 사면 침식으로 인한 육화 및 건조화 현상과 영양염류로 인한 녹조나 부영양화 현상 등을 예방하고, 식생대를 제어할 수 있음을 시사하였고, 특히 플랜터형 호안구조물을 활용한 습지 조성 시 수질 제어 기작을 통해 습지의 심미적, 생태적, 사회적, 경제적 가치를 증진시킬 수 있는 것에 대해 증명하였다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과는 향후 효율적인 수질 유지가 가능하여 관리조방적인 인공습지를 계획하고 조성하는데 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 환경영향평가
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.83-89
• /
• 2010

The areas for agricultural purposes in Korea are decreasing every year because of urbanization. However, it is still 17.6% of the total national boundary on 2008. Most of the rice paddy fields are located near the waterbodies which require lots of water during rainy season from May to September. Also lots of nitrate and phosphate chemical fertilizers are spread on the fields every year in order to supply the nutrients for vegetation. The excess nutrients is impairs the water quality of rivers and lakes when it is washed out from the fields. The Korean Ministry of Environment (MOE) adapted the new water quality improvement program, which is the Total Daily Maximum Load, to improve the water quality and to protect the aquaecosystems. The constructed wetland is one of the possible ways to treat the agricultural runoff. The constructed wetland on this study area was constructed by MOE in 2007 to evaluate the application of the constructed wetlands. Plant growth continues to increase during the summer until it reaches its highest biomass of 6,032 g/$m^2$ in August and September. More researches about sedimentation, vegetation, water balance, etc. were performed to evaluate the removal efficiency, to find the removal mechanisms and to make the guidelines for design and maintenance.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제53권4호
• /
• pp.232-238
• /
• 2010

In order to investigate the treatment efficiency of pollutants in free water surface constructed wetlands (FWS CWs) with lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) cultivation pond, the experiment was consisted of two sites (site I and II) in Lake Juam, Korea. The sites were configured a lotus cultivation pond (with fertilizer application) - a dropwort bed - a reed bed for site I, and a lotus cultivation pond (without fertilizer application) - a dropwort bed - a reed bed for site II. Removal rate of COD in site I and II were 13.3% and 26.0%, respectively. Removal rate of total nitrogen (TN) was 29.7% for site I, and 36.3% for site II. Removal rate of total phosphorus (TP) in site I and II were 36.0% and 36.5%, respectively. COD, TN and TP in effluent from site I (with fertilizer) was higher than that in site II (without fertilizer), showing that COD, TN and TP in effluent were strongly influenced by fertilizer addition. Therefore, in order to satisfy established water-quality standards, the amount of fertilizer used in lotus cultivation showed be evaluated.