• 대한교통학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.97-108
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• 2001

기존의 동적 통행배정모형은 출발시간 선택에 있어서 도착시간제약을 고려하지 못하고 있으며, 이를 고려하더라도 수단분담을 고려하지 못하거나 별도의 문제로 다루고 있다. 따라서 대중교통의 수단분담비가 높고, 도착시간에 대한 제약이 따르는 출근·통학통행이 주류를 이루는 오전첨두시의 교통관리·분석을 위해서는 이들을 동시에 고려하는 동적 통행배정모형이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 Ran과 Boyce가 구축한 모형에 기반하여 통행수단과 도착시간 제약에 따른 출발시간 선택을 경로선택과 동시에 고려할 수 있는 통합모형을 제시하였다. 모형의 풀이를 위해 Ran과 Boyce가 사용한 시·공간 확장 가로망을 새롭게 설계하여 사용하였으며, 가상 가로망에 적용하여 모형의 적합성을 검증하였다. 사례연구 결과 본 연구에서 제시한 모형이 동적 사용자최적 통행배점상태를 나타내는 것을 확인할 수 있었고, 이를 통해 오전 첨두시의 교통관리·분석을 위해 적용 가능함을 입증하였다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.189-195
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• 2005

Several models predict large and potentially abrupt ocean circulation changes due to anthropogenic greenhouse-gas emissions. These circulation changes drive-in the models-considerable oceanic oxygen trend. A sound estimate of the observed oxygen trends can hence be a powerful tool to constrain predictions of future changes in oceanic deepwater formation, heat and carbon dioxide uptake. Estimating decadal scale oxygen trends is, however, a nontrivial task and previous studies have come to contradicting conclusions. One key potential problem is that changes in the historical observation network might introduce considerable errors. Here we estimate the likely magnitude of these errors for a subset of the available observations in the Southern Ocean. We test three common data analysis methods south of Australia and focus on the decadal-scale trends between the 1970's and the 1990's. Specifically, we estimate errors due to sparsely sampled observations using a known signal (the time invariant, temporally averaged, World Ocean Atlas 2001) as a negative control. The crossover analysis and the objective analysis methods are for less prone to spatial sampling location biases than the area averaging method. Subject to numerous caveats, we find that errors due to sparse sampling for the area averaging method are on the order of several micro-moles $kg^{-1}$. for the crossover and the objective analysis method, these errors are much smaller. For the analyzed example, the biases due to changes in the spatial design of the historical observation network are relatively small compared to the tends predicted by many model simulations. This raises the possibility to use historic oxygen trends to constrain model simulations, even in sparsely sampled ocean basins.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.173-190
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• 2022

With the development of spatial structures, the joints are becoming more and more complex to connect tubular members of spatial structures. In this study, an approach is proposed to establish high-efficiency finite element model of multiplanar KTX-joint with the weld geometries accurately simulated. Ultimate bearing capacity the KTX-joint is determined by the criterion of deformation limit and failure mechanism of chord wall buckling is studied. Size effect of fillet weld on the joint ultimate bearing capacity is preliminarily investigated. Based on the validated finite element model, a parametric study is performed to investigate the effects of geometric and loading parameters of KT-plane brace members on ultimate bearing capacity of the KTX-joint. The effect mechanism is revealed and several design suggestions are proposed. Several simple reinforcement methods are adopted to constrain the chord wall buckling. It is concluded that the finite element model established by proposed approach is capable of simulating static behaviors of multiplanar KTX-joint; chord wall buckling with large indentation is the typical failure mode of multiplanar KTX-joint, which also increases chord wall displacements in the axis directions of brace members in orthogonal plane; ultimate bearing capacity of the KTX-joint increases approximately linearly with the increase of fillet weld size within the allowed range; the effect mechanism of geometric and loading parameters are revealed by the assumption of restraint region and interaction between adjacent KT-plane brace members; relatively large diameter ratio, small overlapping ratio and small included angle are suggested for the KTX-joint to achieve larger ultimate bearing capacity; the adopted simple reinforcement methods can effectively constrain the chord wall buckling with the design of KTX-joint converted into design of uniplanar KT-joint.

• 천문학회보
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.74.4-75
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• 2015

We investigate the narrow emission-line ratios of 64 radio-loud (log $L_{1.4GHz}$ > 40) AGNs available in the SDSS archive, in order to examine whether there is a systematic difference in the accretion disk condition of radio-loud AGNs compared to radio-quiet AGNs and compact young radio-loud AGNs. The fluxes of narrow-emission lines, [O II], [Ne III], [O III], [O I], [Ar III], are measured for diagnostics. Based on the [O I]/[O III] and [Ar III]/[O III] ratios with photoionization models, we constrain the states of the accretion disk. We will present the results of the emission-line diagnostics.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.575-582
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• 2015

Obtaining the complete trajectory of the object is a very important task in computer vision applications, such as video surveillance. Previous studies to recover the trajectory between two disconnected trajectory segments, however, do not takes into account the object's motion characteristics and uncertainty of trajectory segments. In this paper, we present a novel approach to recover the trajectory between two disjoint but associated trajectory segments, called goal-directed tracking. To incorporate the object's motion characteristics and uncertainty, the goal-directed state equation is first introduced. Then the goal-directed tracking framework is constructed by integrating the equation to the object tracking and trajectory linking process pipeline. Evaluation on challenging dataset demonstrates that proposed method can accurately recover the missing trajectory between two disconnected trajectory segments as well as appropriately constrain a motion of the object to the its goal(or the target state) with uncertainty.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.136-144
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• 2012

In this paper, the different techniques for the field weakening, also known as constant power speed range (CPSR) operation, for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) will be introduced and analysed. Field weakening of PMSM, can be done using either vector control (VC) or conventional phase in advance (CPA). Implementation of these techniques depending on some features and constrains. Most of these features and constrains came from the motor parameters. One of these constrains is the motor inductance which determining whether the motor can be driven in the CPSR or not. A new approach for the field weakening will be discussed and to be verified to overcome this constrain. The new approach will be verified through both techniques VC and CPA.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.308-316
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• 2011

This work deals with development of effective redundancy resolution algorithms for the motion control of manipulator. Differently from the typical kinematically redundant robots that are attached to the fixed ground, the ZMP condition should be taken into account in the manipulator motion in order to guarantee the system stability. In this paper, a new motion planning algorithm for redundant manipulator not fixed to the ground is introduced. A sequential redundancy resolution algorithm is proposed, which ensures the ZMP (Zero Moment Point) stability, the planned operational motion, and additional sub-criteria such as joint limit index. A geometric constraint equation derived by reshaping the existing ZMP equation enables one to employ the sequential redundancy algorithm. The feasibility of the proposed algorithm is verified by simulating a redundant manipulator model.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1121-1125
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• 2003

In this paper we deal with visual servoing that can control a robot arm with a camera using information of images only, without estimating 3D position and rotation of the robot arm. Here it is assumed that the robot arm is calibrated and the camera is uncalibrated. We use a pinhole camera model as the camera one. The essential notion can be show, that is, epipolar geometry, epipole, epipolar equation, and epipolar constrain. These play an important role in designing visual servoing. For easy understanding of the proposed method we first show a design in case of the calibrated camera. The design is constructed by 4 steps and the directional motion of the robot arm is fixed only to a constant direction. This means that an estimated epipole denotes the direction, to which the robot arm translates in 3D space, on the image plane.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.708-716
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• 2017

We deal with the target selection in seeker-detection image through network, using the detection information from aerial vehicle and the target information from surveillance and reconnaissance system. Especially, we constrain the sea battle environment, where it is difficult to perform scene-matching rather than land. In this paper, we suggest the target selection algorithm based on the confidence estimation with respect to distance and size. In detail, we propose the generation method of reference point for distance evaluation, and we investigate the effect of pixel margin and target course for size evaluation. Finally, the proposed algorithm is simulated and analyzed through several scenarios.

• 천문학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2005

This paper summarizes the recent progress made by our group at Seoul National University on studies of the evolution and formation of distant galaxies. Various research projects are currently underway, which include: (i) the number density of distant early-type galaxies (z < 1); (ii) the optical-NIR color gradient of nearby early-type galaxies; (iii) J - K-selected Extremely Red Objects (EROs) in field (CDF-S) and the cluster environment; and (iv) the Lyman-break galaxies in the Spitzer First Look Survey (FLS) field. These works will constrain the mass evolution and the star formation history of galaxies in different environments, and the results will serve as useful contraints on galaxy formation models.