• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2023

In 2019, a child died by a school zone traffic accident in Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, the Republic of Korea. Just after the accident, under the name of the "Minsik Law", the Road Traffic Act and the Specific Crime Aggravated Punishment Act were partially revised and went into effect in Korea on March 25, 2020. The new Korean law providing for harsh penalties is designed to reduce automobile accidents in school zones. However, the penalties under the new law seems to be unconstitutionally and unduly harsh. Under the new law, a negligent driver who kills a child at a school zone could be sentenced to indefinite imprisonment, or imprisonment for 3 years or more. The criminal responsibility of a negligent driver at a school zone is the same as serious intentional felonies such as rape, robbery, abandonment resulting in death. Also, even in the case of a school zone accident, if an accident driver complies with the speed limit and other traffic laws and it is impossible to avoid the accident, the driver should not be punished. So, in order to meet the principle of proportionality, the new Korean law should be revised again. In order to find out the appropriate level and punishment method for drivers who cause accidents in school zones, this thesis will compare and analyze the laws of Korea with those of the United States, Germany, and Japan. This paper also reviews the decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Korea in February 2023 that the "Minsik Law" was constitutional. Based on these analyses, this thesis seeks the direction and amendments to properly revise Korean law. In addition, this thesis is intended to present exemplary measures to improve the school zone safety.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.62-73
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• 2003

Lee, Jema recognized human being as human figure and human nature according to 'if threre is a thing, there are a law to explain the thing'. And he thought Sa-Sang is the most basic and proper concept to explain things and changes. This paper is to find his medical view why human beings are classified into four types. 1. A medical clue to classify human being is different viscera function. 2. The size of viscera means the strength and weakness of metabolic function of viscera. 3. The essence of different viscera function is related to metabolism of water and food, air and fluid. Lungs and Liver do metabolic function through exhale and inhale of air and fluid. Spleen and Kidneys do metabolic function through intake an d output water and food. 4. It is most important to consider and to treat the condition of small size viscera.

• Strategy21
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• 통권44호
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• pp.54-78
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• 2018

The core of the current constitutional amendment pursued by the Abe administration depends on the status of the Japanese Self-Defense Forces, which include the right to engage in war, in the legal and regular military positions. This is an important turning point for the Abe administration, which aims to become a normal country for Japan, and it is a series of steps that followed in the revision of the U.S. and Japan guidelines in 2015 and the overhaul of the security law in 2016. In this paper, we propose building "A navy Attractive to Alliances" as a way to secure Korea's maritime security under the current security environment. The term "attraction" refers to the alliance "first priority" especially in the United States. The way to do this is to transform the paradigm of the ROK-U.S. alliance into a naval hub in the vast seas, which will allow us to strengthen our national defense and even deter threats from neighboring countries. To this end, our navy needs to have a more active approach to U.S. East Asian strategy. If we can convince the United States to be a nation that contributes more to its East Asian strategy, it will only lead to a strengthening of the status of its alliance and expansion of its unilateral support and military capability against Japan, thus minimizing Japan's influence.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.21-31
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• 2012

1. Objectives : In this study we derived constitutional characteristics both by using questionnaire on character and symptom and by collecting objective measurement data through face, body shape. Furthermore, by developing a program, we intend to help one's diagnosis of Sasang constitution. 2. Methods : Through November 2007 to July 2009, we obtained questionnaire, face, and body shape data of 958 constitution confirmed subjects within the age range of 10-80 from 19 oriental medical facilities in the country. According to sex, we divided the subjects into two groups as real constitution and non-constitution group respectively. We analyzed the questionnaire through chi-square test (p<.01) and facial and body shape data through unpaired T-test (p<.01). By using weight law for questionnaire and euclidean distance for body shape and face data, we expressed constitution possibility to develop a supplementary program. 3. Results : The concordance rates of constitutional diagnosis by using the program for Taeeumin, Soeumin, Soyangin are, 76.7%, 61.5%, 67.4% resulting in 69.6% in male and 64.1%, 64.7%, 65.1%, resulting in 64.7% In female respectively. New cases tested on the program showed concordance rate of 65% in male and 62% in female with real constitution. 4. Conclusion : The constitutional diagnostic program based on the face, body shape and questionnaire, may have significant meaning as a supplementary tool in the constitutional diagnosis for clinical expert.

• 법제연구
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• 제54호
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• pp.7-37
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• 2018

본고는 현행법상의 탄핵관련 규정을 검토하고 그에 대한 입법적 개선방향을 제시하는 것을 내용으로 하였다. 이를 위해서 본고는 우선 현행법상의 탄핵제도와 관련된 규정의 의미를 분석하고 이를 사건에 적용함에 있어서 제시된 법리를 검토하였다. 이러한 검토는 법규정의 구체적 적용에 있어서 흠결이나 불명확성으로부터 야기되는 문제를 파악하는 것이 주된 목적이었으며, 그로부터 다음과 같은 규정의 문제점이 도출되었다.: (1) 탄핵소추사유에 관한 규정, (2) 탄핵소추사유의 구별에 관한 규정, (3) 탄핵소추사유에 대한 국회의 조사의무규정, (4) 탄핵소추의결에 따른 권한정지에 관한 규정, (5) 탄핵결정에 있어서의 파면선고에 관한 규정, (6) 파면결정요소로서의 '국민의 신임을 배반한 행위', (7) 탄핵심판에 있어서 심판정족수에 관한 규정 본고에서는 이들 문제를 해결하기 위하여, 미국의 경우와 독일의 경우를 검토하는 비교법적 방법을 동원하였다. 그리고 또한 그 법체계가 이질적인 경우에 있어서는 우리헌법체계에서의 헌법적 이념 내지 가치를 고려하여 그에 대한 입법개선 방안을 제시하였다.

• 의료법학
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.69-105
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• 2020

의료보장제도에서 진료수가는 의료보장체계의 근간을 이루는 매우 중요한 요소이다. 국민건강보험법은 진료수가의 결정방식에 관하여 계약제를 채택하였고, 그 계약의 내용은 상대가치점수에 대한 점수당 단가를 정하는 것이다. 그에 따라 건강보험 요양급여비용은 매년마다 물가상승이나 경제 상황의 변화에 따라 조정된다. 반면, 의료급여의 경우, 의료급여법에서는 진료수가의 결정방식에 관한 내용을 규정하지 않고, 모든 사항을 보건복지부 장관에게 위임하고 있다. 그에 따라 보건복지부 장관은 2001년부터 혈액투석 치료에 관하여 정액수가제를 채택하고 있다. 이러한 혈액투석 정액수가제에 대해서 2017년 헌법소원이 제기되었고, 헌법재판소는 2020년 헌법소원 심판 청구를 모두 기각하였다. 이 글에서는, 위 헌법소원 사건을 중심으로 진료수가제도의 의미와 내용을 살펴보고, 이에 대한 헌법적 한계로 3가지 원칙을 제시한다. 그 원칙의 첫째는 법률유보의 원칙, 둘째는 포괄위임금지의 원칙, 셋째는 비례의 원칙이다. 그러한 관점에서 검토해 보면, 혈액투석 정액수가제는 상당히 위헌적인 제도로 판단된다.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2017

오늘날 대한민국에서는 다시금 양심적 병역거부자 처벌이 사회적 이슈로 부각되고 있다. 대법원과 헌법재판소는 종교적 신념을 이유로 입영을 거부한 입영대상자를 처벌하는 병역법 제88조 제1항에 관하여 합헌적 판단이 견고한 가운데 최근 지방법원을 중심으로 하급심에서 양심적 병역거부자에게 무죄를 선고한 판결이 2015년 6건, 2016년 7건 그리고 2017년 상반기에만 16건 등이 나오고 있는 것이다. 또한 종교적 양심에 따른 병역거부자의 처벌에 관하여 제주지방법원 내에서 유죄와 무죄의 판결이 엇갈리면서 논쟁은 더욱 가중되고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 논란가운데 양심적 병역거부자를 처벌하는 근거규정인 병역법 제88조 제1항에 관하여 대법원, 헌법재판소 그리고 최근 하급심의 판단을 살펴보고 특히 병역법 제88조 제1항의 정당한 사유의 인정범위에 양심적 병역거부가 포함될 수 있는지 그리고 자유권규약 제18조 해석 적용에 관하여 검토하고자 한다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.433-443
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• 2001

The aim of this study was to evaluate the dental specialty system from the viewpoint of korean constitution. An attempt to introduce a dental specialty system has been repeated many times, but it was interrupted by the dispute of the interested parties, especially general practice dentists, trained dentists and the authorites concerned. The korean constitutional court decided on July 16th 1998 that the lack of the examination to be a dental specialist was against the korean constitutional law and the authority concerned should prepare the legal procedure for the dental specialist examination in proper time. Though the dental specialty system may be discussed in a variety of view, it should be established on the ground of the korean constitutionalism. According to the korean constitution, all the people can develop their abilities at the maximum and have their dignity, preciousness and right to seek their happiness. With the view of spirits of the constitution, dental specialty system should be more open widely to those who want to be a specialist. It should be also allowed to the dental specialists that they reveal their specialty and creativity. However, the representatives of the korean dental association(KDA) decided at the 50th annual meeting that the dental specialists should not reveal or annonce their specialties at the first step of the dental care and all the present dentists give up to be specialists. As conclusion of this study the proposals of the KDA seems to be against the korean constitution and hardly fulfills the needs of the times.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2011

민간경비엽은 사설영리기업으로서 영리성을 목적으로 하고 있으며 동시에 범죄예방이라는 사회적 공익을 우선하고 있다. 이러한 측면에서 민간경비업에 대한 영리성과 공익성의 문제가 상충되고 있으며 영리기업이면서도 공익에 대한 관리감독을 받고 있다. 영리기업의 설립조건과 영업활동권은 상법에 명시되어 있으며 자연인으로서 국민적 기본권과 직업선택의 자유는 헌법에 보장되어 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 민간경비업은 공익이라는 사회적 기능을 이유로 경비업볍에 준하여 설립조건이나 영업활동의 제약, 직업선택의 자유 등에서 제약을 받고 있다. 즉, 영리법인이면서도 헌법조항의 기본권이 무시되고 있으며, 상법상 법인설립기준이나 영업활동보장권을 적용받지 못하고 있는 것이다. 경비업법에 따르면 경비업을 영위하고자 하는 자는 반드시 법적절차에 따라 해당기관으로부터 허가를 받아야 하며 회사를 대표하는 임직원들도 결격사유가 있어서는 안 된다. 그러나 상법상 법인설립의 기준은 1명이상, 업종별 규정에 따라 차이가 있지만 기본적으로는 자본금 100원 이상이면 법적제약을 받지 않고 회사설립을 할 수 있고, 헌법에 보장된 노포권에 따라 영리를 목적으로 한 모든 소득활동은 보장된다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 민간경비업의 특수성에서 비롯되는 공익성과 영리성에 대한 법적 제도적 문제점을 살펴보고자 한다.

• 동남아시아연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.45-87
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• 2013

This paper aims to study Thai democratic deepening and the constitutional engineering with the analytical concepts of 'power sharing' and 'accountability' focusing on the 1997 and 2007 Constitution. With regard to power sharing, the 1997 Constitution had the characteristics of majoritarian principle including a two-party system, strengthening of prime minister and the executive's power etc. It enhanced significantly the aspects of accountability compared with the previous constitutions. The institutions such as Constitutional Court, Commission on Election, Administration Court, Commission on Human Right, Ombudsman, Commission on Anti-corruption, and the Measure for Anti-money Laundering were established by the 1997 Constitution. However, such empowered accountability system were often abused by the political power groups in the political process. The 2007 Constitution has the characteristics of consensual principle including a multiparty system, proportional representation system, weakened prime minister's power, balancing of cabinet and parliament's power, pushing ahead with decentralization. However, the consensual principle of the 2007 Constitution came, in part, from the factional interests. It is similar to the 1997 Constitution in terms of accountability system, which enhanced in law but abused often in practice. One of the critical reasons for the failure of the 1997 and 2007 constitutions to consolidate democratic system was the political game played around the so-called network for the monarchy composed by the military, the civilian bureaucracy, Constitutional Court and the privileged classes. The future of the Thai democratic deepening depends on the constitutional engineering in which the factional interests should be excluded, and the rules of power sharing and accountability which traditionally played around the network for the monarchy should be effectively institutionalized.