• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.34-47
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• 2019

Introduction Cloninger's Novelty-Seeking (NS) and Harm-Avoidance (HA) were found to be the biopsychological characteristic of Sasang typology, and the So-Yang type has high NS and low HA however the So-Eum type as contrary. The purpose of this study was to show the clinical usefulness of these measures as objective clinical index of Sasang typology in foreign countries lacking validated measures. Methods The Sasang type of 103 university students was diagnosed using Questionnaire for Sasang Constitution Classification (QSCC) II and clinical specialist, and biopsychological and physical features with NS, HA, Sasang Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) and BMI. These measures were normalized to make a noble index of 'NS(100-HA)', and the correlation among these were examined with Pearson's correlation. The differences of biopsychological and physical features between Sasang type groups were attested with ANCOVA, and the comparison of clinical usefulness of SPQ and NS(100-HA) were examined with discriminant analysis. Results SPQ and BMI were clinically useful for Sasang typology as shown in previous studies, and the substitution of SPQ with normalized NS(100-HA) was found acceptable. The NS(100-HA) is significantly correlated with SPQ (r=0.466, p<0.01), however not with BMI (r=0.079, ns). The SPQ and NS(100-HA) scores were found to be distinctive between Sasang type groups, and these were found to predict Sasang type of participants with similar correctness. Discussion and Conclusion The current study reviewed the theoretical backgrounds and confirmed the clinical usefulness of Cloninger's biopsychological theory in Sasang typology. These might provide foundations for integrative medicine and cross-cultural biopsychology of the East and West.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.5-34
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• 2009

Why the Korea National Assembly shows often limping in its operations despite the introduction of various democratic legislative rules? Regarding the question, this article pays attention to the institutionalization of legislative rules and political saliency of bills, and analyzes the Constitutional Court's law reports. According to the analysis, the National Assembly goes on smoothly when dealing with the bills with low political saliency, but shows anomaly in its operation when dealing with the bills with high political saliency. This indicates that the institutionalization of the legislative rules is relatively low. The low level of the institutionalization is derived fundamentally from a distinguishing characteristic of the power structure in which political power is too much concentrated on the president. Within the power structure, the ruling party has to play the role of protecting and advocating the president, whereas the opposition parties become actors criticizing and checking the president. Consequently, the parliamentary decision-making processes have been dominated by the political strifes between the ruling and opposition parties, often producing limping operations of the National Assembly and delayed institutionalization of the legislative rules.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1993 no.11
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• pp.13-16
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• 1993

In this paper the morphological characteristic parameters according to the Lee's physical constitution theory are suggested using the X-ray computed tomography. The Lee's physical constitution theory is classify into 4 physical constitutional types by the relative degree of visceral function: those are macro-negative(strong liver- weak lung), micro-negative(strong kidney- weak spleen), micro-positive(strong spleen- weak kidney) and macro-positive(string lung- weak liver). The morphological characteristic parameters are the following. The AA-line is the distance between Rt. & Lt. acupuncture point keug-cheun. The BB-line is the length of lung. The CC-line is the longest width of thorax. The DD-line is the vertical distance between the CC-line and the EE-line. The EE-line is the distance between the Rt. and Lt. anterior superior iliac spines. As the results macro-negative(strong liver-weak lung) has the longest CC-line and the short BB-line. Micro-negative(strong kidney-weak spleen) has the longest EE-line and the short CC-line. Micro-positive(strong spleen-weak kidney) has the longest DD-line and the short BB-line. And macro-positive(strong lung-weak kidney) has the longest BB-line and the short EE-line.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.58-73
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to improve of fittness and coverage rate of exporting domestic clothing to China for Chinese Adult Female. For study, It was measured 1381 female women aged between 19 and 50 who resident in Beijing and Shanghai in China. as a sample, 1360 female women was seleted for development of apparel sizing system. As for the method of this study was made of 111 items by indirect measures done during Jun. 23 $\sim$ Aug. 7, 2004. Data analysis were processed by SPSS WIN 10.0 Program was used to for technical statistical analysis, correlation analysis, factor analysis, ANOVA(t-test and F-test), duncan's multiple test. The result was as follows: Chinese Adult women's constitutional components determined by factor analysis, six components could be identified: factor 1:constitutional obesty and width size, factor 2: longistudinal body size, factor 3: shoulder form and size, factor 4: longistudinal upper body size, factor 5: under body size, factor 6: shoulder dropping. According to the Women's Wear Specifications(GB/T 1335.2-1997) by drop, body types of Chinese Adult female was classified into six types, it was Y, A, B, C and Z, D. In order, A type as standard somatotype(49.8%), B type(26.9%), Y type (18.8%), C type(2.9%). Y type had the average height and shoulder, bust girth. They were slimmer in overall terms. A type had a normal obesity and body size in height, shoulder, bust girth. They were average Chinese Women. B type had a smaller then A type. They were more obes and thick waist girth. C type had the highest obesity, the widest shoulder and bust girth, and thick waist girth. The characteristics of each body type following the body type structure factor are Y-type for slender type, A-type for standard type, B-type for slightly large type, and C-type for obese type. For each region, the Beijing area had in the order of A-type, Y-type, B-type and C-type, and the Shanghai area had in the order of A-type, B-type, Y-type and C-type.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.144-156
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• 2000

Purpose of this study is to help classifying Sasang Constitution through correlation with Larynx waveform. This study was done it under the suppose that Sasang Constitution would be correlation with Larynx waveform. The following result were obtained about correlation between Erectroglottograph waveform and Sasang Constitution by analysis EGG program. 1. Taeumin was lower than Soyangin in Open Std Deviation, Contact Std Deviation of male/a/(0.5sec) 2. Soeyangin was high compared with the others in Pitch range of maie/a/(2.5sec) 3. Taeumin was higher than Soeumin in Pitch range, Soeyangin in pitch Maximum, and the others in Pitch Std Deviation of female/e/(0.5sec) 4. Taeumin was higher than Soeumin in Contact Maximum and lower than Soeumin in Contact Maximum of female/a/(2.5sec) 5. There was no significantly difference in male/e/(0.5sec), male/e/(2.5sce), female/a/(0.5sec), female/e/(2.5sec) 6. The percent of correctly classified in Soeoumin and Taeumin was high in CART Algolism. The risk estimate of Soyangin was relatively high. The study may be use on of the method to make objective diagnosis in Sasang constitution.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.67-70
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• 2011

Constitutional trisomy 8 mosaicism (CT8M) is a relatively rare aneuploidy in humans with characteristic phenotypes including typical craniofacial feature (such as deformed skull, prominent forehead, low-set and/or dysplastic ears), skeletal malformation, cardiac anomaly, renal malformation, cryptochidism, varying degree of developemental delay. Due to the extremely variable phenotypic and cytogenetic expression, CT8M has gone undiagnosed in certain patients. We report a 28-year-old women with secondary amenorreha without characteristic CT8M phenotype. Chromosomal analysis showed a CT8M (47,XX,+8[9]/46,XX[41]).

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.63-80
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• 2004

The Sasang constitution food is classified by Sadang theory(四黨論), Aroma-Scent-Fluid-Taste(馨臭液味), Inhale-Exhale-Incomings-Outgoings(呼吸出納), Ascent-Descent-Open-Close(升降開闔), Healthy Energy(保命之主), which is different from the Oriental medicine herb classification of traditional oriental medicine. So, we obtained the result of the characteristic of radish, one of much used food materials by examining ancient documents as follows. First, today 'Rae(來)' is used as to come' but in ancient days, was used as 'wheat'. Radish(萊服) is the word made by meaning which removes and overcomes the poison of wheat Second, Ancient people realized the power of its Inhale Disperse Qi (呼散之氣) when the root of radish raises quickly from the soil, and recognized that radish has such a good dissolving function when seeing Bean-curd becomes soft if radish is added to Bean-curd dish. That’s why they classified that radish is lung medicine, and used it as Taeumin type medicine. So if someone is suffocated by the smoke and has indigestion, chronic asthmatic coughing, now we use radish by applying the Inhale Disperse Qi of radish.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.84-100
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• 2000

Are the body and th spirit to different things? How individual ability and feeling displays in a human being and what correation between the two lise physiologically? Namely, what determines the external and the internal world? By what physiological functions and circulations, it makes possible to indciate individual's characteristic? These kinds of questions in constitutional medicine is able us lead to the following approach.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.119-125
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• 2013

Objectives: Medically unexplained fatigue includes chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and idiopathic chronic fatigue (ICF). These disorders quite impair quality of life while no effective therapies exist. Therefore, patients with CFS or ICF frequently choose treatments based on traditional Korean medicine. The study aimed to analyze characteristic of patients visiting an Oriental clinic with CFS or ICF. Methods: Patients who met criteria for CFS or ICF were enrolled in this study, from March 2011 to Jun 2013. Clinical information focused on symptom differentiation and Sasang constitution was analyzed. Pearson's chi-square test was used to compare the frequency among sub-groups. Results: In total, 77 patients (49 male and 28 female) were diagnosed with CFS (17 male and 13 female) or ICF (32 male and 15 female). The symptom differentiation was 37.7%, 26.0%, 13.0%, and 23.3% for "Qi deficiency of both spleen and lung (脾肺氣虛)", "Yin deficiency of both liver and kidney (肝腎陰虛)", "Blood deficiency of both heart and spleen (心脾血虛)" and "Yang deficiency of both spleen and kidney (脾腎陽虛)", while Sasang constitutional distribution was 59.7%, 22.1% and 18.2% Soeumin, Taeumin and Soyangin, respectively. The fatigue severity was notably different between CFS ($63.7{\pm}12.1$) or ICF ($52.2{\pm}15.3$) according to the Chalder fatigue scale (10-point scale for eleven questions). There was statistical significance regarding symptom differentiation and Sasang constitution (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In the process of traditional Korean medicine-based development of therapeutics for patients with chronic fatigue or related conditions, this report can serve as reference data.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.77-86
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• 2013

Objectives : The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristics of Ryodoraku score according to dyspepsia in diagnosed as Soeumin by 'portable Ryodoraku device'. Methods : Using Mann-Whitney U test, we divided 34 'Soeumin' patients into two group(normal and with chronic dyspepsia) and analyzed Ryodoraku score, especially in 'the spleen meridian' and 'the stomach meridian' which is belived to be related with dyspepsia. Soeumin subjects are classified by 'Sasang constitutional program' in portable Ryodoraku device. All of them complete the questionnaire regarding their Digestive conditions. 'short from leeds dyspepsia questionnaire(SF-LDQ)' made by rome III diagnostic is chosed as questionnaire. Results: 1. We found the RS measured from a group of people who has chronic dyspepsia was significantly greater than that from control group. 2. Regarding the effect of 'dyspepsia' in Ryodoraku, the mean score of the F6(stomach meridian) in the chronic dyspepsia group was significantly higher than that in the control group. 3. The mean score of the F6(stomach meridian RS) in the chronic dyspepsia group was not significantly higher than that in the control group. 4. In cases where people has chronic dyspepsia, the difference between RS measured in the right-side of a body and that in the left-side of a body was mostly greater than 40, whereas the case of difference that is less than 2 was rare. Conclusions : Portable Ryodoraku device might be used to classify enforce 'Sasang constitution', and also it might be used to analyze 'Ryodoraku data' based on characteristic clinical symptoms of four constitution diagnosis alone.