• 한방비만학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.31-45
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• 2005

Background and Objectives : Constipation is a common digestive disorder and enema is one of the external intervention for constipation. Coffee enema was originated by Dr. Gerson for the purpose of colon cleansing and detoxification. However there has been no study about the effect of coffee enema on constipation. Therefore, this study was planned to evaluate the effect of coffee enema on constipation in the terms of constipation degree and satisfaction questionnaire. Methods : 42 patients were treated of the coffee enema 2 times a week. The constipation score(Constipation Assessment Scale) and frequency of defecation were checked 3 times (before treatment, 1 week and 1 month later). The satisfaction score was also checked 1 week and 1 month later. The interval differences of constipation score between pre- and post-treatment according to body mass index were also analyzed. Results and Conclusions : The constipation scores, frequency of defecation scores checked 1 week and 1 month later were significantly(p<0.01) improved as compared with those before the treatment. The satisfaction scores were close to 'moderately satisfied' 1 week and 1 month later. The scores of 6 parameters in constipation assessment scale, frequency of defecation scores and satisfaction scores were maintained until 1 month later. There was no significant difference in the change of constipation scores between normal BMI and overweight group. 4.2% of the patients reported adverse effects, which were nausea, abdominal distension each.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.426-438
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine bowel habits, dietary habits, and nutrient intake of constipated adults, and the effects of prune products on relieving constipation symptoms. Fifty one adults with self-reported constipation (mean age 23 years, range 19-41 years, 10 males and 41 females) participated in this study. After a baseline survey on bowel habits and dietuy habits, participants were asked to consume at least 50 g of prune and 200 ml of prune juice per day during a 4-week period in addition to usual diet. Nutrient intake was estimated by a 24 hour recall at the baseline and once every week by diet records during the intervention. Data were analyzed after classifying the subjects into mild constipation group and severe constipation group by the severity of the symptoms. During the intervention, the subjects with mild constipation consumed 56 g of prunes (about 5.6 fruits) and 200 ml of prune juice, and the subjects with severe constipation consumed 59 g of prunes (about 5.9 fruits) and 207 ml of prune juice. Average intakes of energy, dietary fiber and water of the subjects in the mild constipation and severe constipation group increased during the intervention compared to the baseline. Average dietary fiber intake of the mild constipation and severe constipation groups significantly increased from 12.5 g and 11.6 g at the baseline to 18.5 g and 16.8 g after consuming prune products, respectively. These changes were accompanied by an increase in the number of bowel movements, a decrease of defecation time, a change to a softer stool consistency, and a decrease of abdominal pain during defecation. Seventy two subjects answered that prune products were effective to improve their overall constipation symptoms. Our data show that supplementation of prune products is effective to provide energy, dietary fiber and water, and to relieve constipation symptoms for constipated adults.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.169-180
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• 2000

Objectives : To satisfy the demand of good treatment of constipation Methods : we investigated the literatures of Oriental Medicine about Constipation. Results: 1. There are three categories of etimological factors of constipation, that is, endogenous, exogenous and non-exo-endogenous factor. The endogenous factor is caused by seven emotions, called depression of Ki and stagnation of Ki. The exogenous factor is six excessive atmospheric influences, for example, wind, cold, dampness, heat and dryness. And the non-exo-endogenous factors are overfatigue, improper diet, stagnated blood and deficiency of Ki and blood that comes from old age, long disease and after delivery. 2. Classification: According to cause of disease it is classified by constipation due to cold, heat, wind, dryness, retention of undigested and phlegm. According to Internal Organs there are constipation due to deficiency syndrome of the stomach, excess syndrome of the stomach, deficiency syndrome of kidney and splenic constipation. And Differentiation of syndromes according to Ki and blood, there are constipation of deficiency type and excess type. There are constipation due to stagnation and deficiency of Ki, deficiency of blood and stagnated blood. 3. Principles and Methods of treatment 1) Herbal Medicine (1) Excess type [1] Constipation due to heat : Seunggitang(承氣湯) and Majainwhan(麻子仁丸) [2] Constipation due to stagnation of Ki : Samatang(四磨湯) and Yukmatang(六磨湯) (2) Deficiency type [1] Constipation due to deficiency of Ki : Whanggitang(黃?湯) [2] Constipation due to deficiency of blood: Yunjangwhan(潤腸丸) [3] Constipation due to cold : Jechunjun(濟川煎) and Banyuwhan(半硫丸) 2) Enema therapy: It is a method to induce defecation by honey or pig's bile juice for weak people. 3) Acupuncture and Moxibustion: Acupoints used to treat constipation are BL25, ST25 and TE6. Moxibustion at CV8, CV6 is good for constipation due to cold. (4) Diet therapy: It is very important that we eat meals regularly and defecate on the same time even if you don't. And we have to eat food like fruits, vegetables and beans. (5) finger pressure: Finger pressing around these points like ST25, SP25, BL25, BL31, BL32, BL33 and BL34 is good for it. (6) Kigong therapy: Abdominal breathing (7) Old man' s constipation: Hip bath or diet therapy is commended. Laxation with lubricant like Supungyunjangwhan(搜風潤腸丸) is used. (8) Women' s constipation: After delivery, we have to administer tonifying prescription Sipjundaebotang(十全大補湯) and enema can be used. Conclusion : We have to examine the cause of disease and bowl movement carefully. After comprehensive analysis of the data gained by the four methods of diagnosis, we diagnose and treat patients on the base of overall of symptoms and signs.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2018

Background: In this study, the importance of constipation and back pain was assessed by regression analysis of the effects of stress, dietary habits, and water intake on constipation in women in their twenties and the influence of constipation and body mass index (BMI) To provide basic data. Methods: This study selected 109 having constipation of 120 students attending G University in Gwangju and eating habits, water intake level, stress and BMI. Trigger point at the tip of erector spina was palated with tenderness set in order to examine whether muscle tenderness and actual low back muscle tenderness level were same and left and right parts were measured three times and average of Max values was used. We examined the effect of constipation on low back pain and examined constipation and BMI to determine whether they affected low back pain. Results: There was no significant difference in eating habit although there was a significant difference in the effect of stress and water intake on constipation. Constipation had significant difference in back pain. However, there was no significant difference in BMI, normal weight, overweight, and obesity except for low body weight. Conclusions: This study found that constipation was associated with stress levels, water intake, and back pain. In conclusion, this study suggests basic data to prevent and treat constipation-related back pain, and recommends plenty of water intake, proper exercise and stress management to prevent constipation.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2007

Purpose: It was investigated if abdominal meridian massage has effects on constipation in institutionalized psychiatric patients taking antipsychotic drugs. Methods: According to the constipation screening tests, 22 patients were selected as subjects. One group pre and post repeated measurement design was used. Constipation was operationalized as perceived constipation, frequency of defecation, frequency of bowel sound, and number of medicine taken to relieve constipation. Abdominal meridian massage was given for two weeks, 10-15 minutes each time and 10 times in total. Results: Perceived constipation, frequency of bowel sound, and number of medicine taken were significantly improved after massage. Except for number of medicine taken, the effects on perceived constipation and frequency of bowel sound were found to be persistent 2 weeks after massage. Conclusion: Based upon these results, abdominal meridian massage was recommended as independent nursing intervention for the relief of constipation in psychiatric patients who taking anti-psychotic drugs. Further studies to investigate the maximal duration time of effects and whether the effects of intermittent application of this method is more beneficial than the continuous application of this method are necessary.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was aimed at developing an efficient nursing method for the management of constipation by comparing the effects of abdominal meridian massage on the symptoms of constipation. Method: The subjects were determined by the Rome II criteria and the Constipation Assessment Scale from Aug 30 through Sep 26, 2002. They were randomly divided into two groups: one experimental group of 16, another control group of 15. Abdominal meridian massage was given to the experimental group and no massage was given to the control group. The frequency of defecation and severity of constipation by CAS were measured. The data was analyzed with the t-test, $x^2$-test, and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: There was a significant improvement in frequency of defecation, and severity of constipation in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Abdominal meridian massage can be considered an effective nursing method for the management of constipation among CVA patients.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제11권sup1호
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• pp.44-54
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• 2008

Chronic functional constipation is a common problem in childhood, with soiling a significant issue. It presents a management problem for pediatrician, and parental concern is high. About 5% of pediatric patients is known to have constipation and/or encopresis which is the second most referred disease in pediatric gastroenterology clinic, accounting for up to 25% of all visits. The etiology of constipation was based on initiation factors including vicious cycle concept, genetic factors, psychological factors, dietary influences and histologic abnormalities of colon. Emphasis is placed on the evaluation and management options that are available to the treating pediatrician. Careful history taking is most important to diagnose functional constipation. In addition, diagnostic tests such as plain abdominal radiograph, colonic transit study, anorectal manometry, barium enema were helpful to diagnose the constipation. Childhood constipation can be very delicate to treat. It often requires prolonged supports by physicians and parents, demystification, medical treatment and especially with the child and parent's cooperation.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.181-191
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• 2005

Objectives : This research examined about dietary therapy on the constipation based on the literary findings, for clinical treatment and prevention of the constipation. Methods : This Research examined on histories, compositions, applications, and effects of the constipation on about 100 cases of dietary therapy of the constipation from recent Chinese literatures Results : 1. Various vegetables, animals and mineral materials including herbs, grains, vegetables, fruits, food and drink were used for the dietary therapy. 2. Methods of the preparation for use as therapeutics were decoction, pulvis, gruel, medicinal wine, cake, tea, paste and gelatin and etc. 3. Frequently used materials were sesame oil, honey, ear mushroom, shiitake mushroom, kelp, walnut seed, hemp seed, groundnut, glutinous rice, apricot stone, yellow bean peel, radish, potato, spinage, and spring onion. Conclusion : Though dietary therapy for the constipation is not based on clinical or experimental data, but through experience. It is mostly based on Yin-Yang and five elements, visceral manifestation, channels and their collateral channels and chinese herbal medicine theories. If we use them properly according to oriental medicine method, it will be effective on treating and preventing the constipation.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.71-87
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• 2010

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to find out the prevalence of constipation, related factors of constipation of female high school students. Methods: The study subjects were 322 students of Y high schools located in a Suwon city, who were selected by the accidental sampling from November 2009. We analyzed the data by frequency analysis, Chi-square test, Logistic regression analysis using SPSS ver.12.0. Results: The results of this study were summarized as follows: A prevalence rate of self-reported constipation was 55.3%. From the Logistic analysis by self-reported method, leading causes of constipation on the students were drinking beverage, the less frequency of having meals, irregular time of having meals, not eating breakfast, insufficient exercise and not evacuating the bowels regularly. Conclusions: Based on these results, intervention to increase the amount of beverage constipation, intake of vegetable, regularity of taking meals, stress management should be provided to prevent the constipation.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.419-432
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• 2009

To better understand the prevalence of constipation and related lifestyle factors, the excretion habits, lifestyle, frequency of food intake, food preference, and stress of 1,157 high school students (713 males and 444 females) in the city of Gimhae, Korea were surveyed. The study was part of research aimed at providing basic nutritional data to alleviate or prevent constipation. Most respondents were male (61.6%). Of all the respondents, 55.4% reported that they have been constipated, with females reporting more episodes. Stress, lack of exercise, and bad eating habits were linked to constipation. Students reporting constipation slept less, were more sedate, ate less, and drank less water than non-constipated respondents. Their diet frequently consisted of noodles, sugary food and coffee. The results suggest that students could benefit from nutritional education in lessening the prevalence of constipation.