• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.239-253
• /
• 2022

Suitable techniques to stabilize organic soil and improve its engineering behaviour are in demand. Despite various alternatives, nano-additives proved to be an effective stabilizer owing to their strength enhancing properties. The study focuses on using nano-silica as a potential stabilizer to improve organic silt. Soil was treated with four dosages of nano-silica namely 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6% and 0.8% of dry weight of the soil. Nano-silica treated soil showed a strength increase of nearly 25% at a dosage of 0.4% after curing for two hours. Strength of the treated soil improved with age. Strength improved by nearly 62.9% after 28 days of curing and 221.4% after 180 days of curing due to formation of Calcium - Silicate - Hydrate (CSH) gel in the soil matrix. Dosage of 0.6% nano-silica is observed to be the optimum dosage. Coefficient of permeability and compression index showed an increase by 13.32 and 5.5 times respectively owing to aggregation of particles and creation of void spaces as visualized from the scanning electron micrographs. Further model foundation study and numerical parametric studies using PLAXIS 2D indicate that optimized and economic results can be obtained by varying the additive dosage with depth.

• 한국분말재료학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.7-12
• /
• 2023

Metal-additive manufacturing techniques, such as selective laser sintering (SLS), are increasingly utilized for new biomaterials, such as cobalt-chrome (Co-Cr). In this study, Co-Cr gas-atomized powders are used as charge materials for the SLS process. The aim is to understand the consolidation of Co-Cr alloy powder and characterization of samples sintered using SLS under various conditions. The results clearly suggest that besides the matrix phase, the second phase, which is attributed to pores and oxidation particles, is observed in the sintered specimens. The as-built samples exhibit completely different microstructural features compared with the casting or wrought products reported in the literature. The microstructure reveals melt pools, which represent the characteristics of the scanning direction, in particular, or of the SLS conditions, in general. It also exposes extremely fine grain sizes inside the melt pools, resulting in an enhancement in the hardness of the as-built products. Thus, the hardness values of the samples prepared by SLS under all parameter conditions used in this study are evidently higher than those of the casting products.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제25권6호
• /
• pp.89-99
• /
• 2009

다짐재료의 물리적인 지표와 역학적정수와의 관계를 명확히 하고, 설계에 필요한 역학정수를 간극비 및 건조밀도 등의 물리적 지표를 통해 간단히 추정하는 방법을 제시하기 위하여, 화강풍화토를 이용한 다짐시험, 일차원압축시험, 불포화삼축압축시험을 실시하였다. 실험결과, 다짐으로 인해 공시체는 과압밀상태가 되며 다짐 에너지의 증가로 공시체의 강도정수가 증가되는 것이 정량적으로 확인되었고, 다짐재료의 과압밀상태를 평가하는 선행압축이론을 이용하여 다짐 후의 간극비로부터 강도정수를 추정하는 방법을 제시하여 그 공학적 적정성을 확인하였다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2020년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.90-91
• /
• 2020

As the construction site has become narrower recently, the importance of mass concrete is naturally being highlighted as skyscrapers become popular. However, it is not possible to install the entire volume per day if the mass concrete is installed due to the Remicon 8⦁5 system and the 52-hour workweek system. When the mass concrete base is divided into several days, cold joints occur because the consolidation of joints is not integrated due to different degree of hardening in the case of the previous layer and the next day. As a result, existing research has shown that if super retarding agent are mixed into Ready Mixed Concrete (hereinafter referred to as Remicon) using sugar as a raw material to delay the curing time of concrete, cold joints are inhibited and cracks are inhibited by reducing the initial hydration heat.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.227-236
• /
• 2020

Expansive soils are renowned for their swelling-shrinkage property and these volumetric changes resultantly cause huge damage to civil infrastructures. Likewise, subgrades consisting of expansive soils instigate serviceability failures in pavements across various regions of Pakistan and worldwide. This study presents the use of polypropylene fibers to improve the engineering properties of a local swelling soil. The moisture-density relationship, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and elastic modulus (E₅₀), California bearing ratio (CBR) and one-dimensional consolidation behavior of the soil treated with 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8% fibers have been investigated in this study. It is found that the maximum dry density of reinforced soil slightly decreased by 2.8% due to replacement of heavier soil particles by light-weight fibers and the optimum moisture content remained almost unaffected due to non-absorbent nature of the fibers. A significant improvement has been observed in UCS (an increase of 279%), E₅₀ (an increase of 113.6%) and CBR value (an increase of 94.4% under unsoaked and an increase of 55.6% under soaked conditions) of the soil reinforced with 0.4% fibers, thereby providing a better quality subgrade for the construction of pavements on such soils. Free swell and swell pressure of the soil also significantly reduced (94.4% and 87.9%, respectively) with the addition of 0.8% fibers and eventually converting the medium swelling soil to a low swelling class. Similarly, the compression and rebound indices also reduced by 69.9% and 88%, respectively with fiber inclusion of 0.8%. From the experimental evaluations, it emerges that polypropylene fiber has great potential as a low cost and sustainable stabilizing material for widespread swelling soils.

• 열처리공학회지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.126-134
• /
• 2018

In this research, we produced polycrystalline n-type $Bi_2Te_{2.7}Se_{0.3}$ powder using water atomization. To obtain full benefit through water atomized powder, we have implemented spark plasma sintering and hot extrusion for powder compaction. The microstructure and thermoelectric properties were investigated and compared. The average grain size of SPS and extruded bulks were 3.08 and $3.86{\mu}m$ respectively. The extruded material microstructure contains layered grains with less grain boundaries and its counter-part SPS displays dense packed grains with high grain boundaries. Among both bulks, extrusion sample exhibited high power factor (PF) of $2.96{\times}10^{-3}Wm^{-1}K^{-2}$ which is 38% higher than SPS ($2.14{\times}10^{-3}$) bulk sample. Due to variations in grain size and grain boundaries, the SPS bulk shows low thermal conductivity than extruded bulk. However, the extruded bulk sample exhibited a peak ZT of 0.69 at 400 K, which is 19% higher than SPS bulk sample, due to its higher power factor.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 2000

본 연구에서는 일련의 실내시험을 통하여 제지회의 기본특성, 다짐, 압축강도, 압밀, 투수 및 CBR 특성을 분석하여 폐기물 매립장의 차수재와 복토재 등의 건설재료로서 제지회의 활용가능성을 연구하였다. 본 연구에서 제지회는 청주근교 4개의 제지공장에서 채취된 시료를 사용하였으며, 제지회의 투수특성을 확보하기 위하여 혼합재로서 벤토나이트와 소석회를 사용하였다. 시험결과, 벤토나이트와 소석회의 혼합비가 증가함에 따라 최대건조단위중량은 증가하였으며, 일축압축시험결과 제지회는 복토재의 일축압축강도 기준을 만족하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 벤토나이트의 혼합비가 증가할수록 투수계수는 감소하였으며, 차수재로 사용 가능한 투수계수가 $1{\times}10^{-7}cm/sec$ 이하로 되는 벤토나이트의 혼합비는 30%로 평가되었다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
• /
• 제4권4호
• /
• pp.25-34
• /
• 2003

본 논문에서는 일련의 실내실험을 통하여 하수회의 기본특성, 다짐, 압축강도, 압밀, 투수 및 CBR 특성을 분석하여 폐기물 매립장의 차수재 및 복토재 등의 건설재료로서 하수슬러지 소각재의 활용방안을 연구하였다. 특히, 하수슬러지 소각재의 치환률을 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30%로 변화시키면서 점토벽돌을 제작하여 품질시험을 실시하였다. 하수슬러지 소각재의 투수특성을 확보하기 위하여 혼합재로서 벤토나이트와 소석회를 사용하였다. 실험결과, 벤토나이트 혼합비가 증가함에 따라 투수계수는 감소하며 차수재로 사용가능한 투수계수가 $1{\times}10^{-7}cm/sec$ 이하로 되는 벤토나이트의 혼합비는 20% 정도로 나타났다. 일축압축시험결과 하수슬러지 소각재는 복토재의 일축압축강도 기준을 만족하는 것으로 평가되었다. 점토벽돌에 대한 품질시험 결과 하수슬러지 소각재의 치환률이 증가함에 따라 압축강도는 감소하였으며, 3종 점토벽돌의 품질기준을 만족하는 하수회의 최대치환률은 15% 정도로 나타났다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.43-54
• /
• 2006

채취된 초기 간극수를 오염물질로 치환시킨 점토시료를 대상으로 일축압축시험, 삼축압축시험, 압밀시험을 수행하여 오염물질 성상에 따른 오염점토의 역학적 특성변화를 분석하였으며, MT3D 해석모델을 이용하여 매립지 성토제방의 점토 차수층을 통한 오염물질의 거동 특성을 파악하였다. NaCl 수용액으로 치환된 시료의 경우, 농도가 증가할수록 강도, 압축성, 투수성이 증가되었다. 침출수로 포화시킨 시료의 경우, NaCl 수용액으로 포화시킨 시료에 비해 강도, 압축성의 증가현상이 크게 나타난 반면 면모화 정도가 큼에도 불구하고 투수계수는 오히려 작게 나타났다. 오염물질 이동 해석결과, 초기 염소이온 농도가 클수록 측정농도도 커지며, 시간경과에 따라 농도는 비선형적으로 증가되었다. 농도감쇄 관계식을 유도하여 이동거리를 예측한 결과, 초기 농도가 클수록 이동거리도 크게 나타났다.

• 소성∙가공
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.333-339
• /
• 1998

Hot torsion tests were conducted to investigate the high temperature deformation behavior of $Al_{85}Ni_{10}Y_5$ alloy extrudates fabricated with amorphous ribbons. The powder metallurgy routes, hot pressing and hot extrusion were used to fabricate the extrudates. Thermal properties of amorphous ribbons with different thickness as a function of aging temperature were studied by thin film x-ray dif-fraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). The Al phase crystallite firstly formed in the amorphous ribbons and its crystallization temperature($T_x$)Was ~210${\circ}C$ During the processings of consolidation and extrusion, nano-grained structure(~100 nm) was formed in the Al85Ni10Y5 alloy extrudates. The as-extrudated Al85Ni10Y5 alloy and the $Al_{85}Ni_{10}Y_5$ alloy annealed at 250${\circ}C$ for 1 hour showed a flow curve of DRV(dynamic recovery) during hot deformation at 400-550${\circ}C$. On the other hand, the $Al_{85}Ni_{10}Y_5$ alloy annealed at 400${\circ}C$ for 1 hour showed a flow curve of DRX(dynamic recrys-tallization) during hot deformation at 450-500${\circ}C$. Also the flow stress and flow strain of the $Al_{85}Ni_{10}Y_5$ alloy extrudate annealed at 400${\circ}C$ were higher than those at 250${\circ}C$.