• 한국조경학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.171-183
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to analyze urban greenspace area and vegetation structure by land use types for both Chuncheon and Kangleung. Natural and agricultural lands were predominant in the study cites, as 75-80% of total area. Residential lands accounted for about 10%, and commercial and industrial lands(including transportation), 5-10%. Only 10-20% of urban residential and commercial area was covered with greenspace. Woody plant cover was 12-13%, and tree density was 1.5 trees/100$m^2$ for urban lands(all land use types except natural land) in both cities. The tree-age structure was largely characterized by young, growing tree population, and species diversity within a diameter class decreases as the diameter classes get larger. Urban lands of both cities had quite a similar species composition of woody plants (similarity index of 0.65). Street trees in Chuncheon were intensively pruned annually to protect the above ground utility lines. Some strategies were explored to solve problems found in the existing greenspace structures. They included increase of biomass and greenspace area through minimization of unnecessary impervious surfaces, creation of multilayered and multiaged vegetation structures, relocation of above ground utility lines and avoidance of intensive tree pruning, and establishment of greenspace proximity and connectivity.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2005년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.589-592
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• 2005

미래의 유비쿼터스 환경은 사용자에게 보장된 품질로서 유용한 서비스를 제공하기 위해 여러 가지의 무선통신 시스템들과 다른 엑세스 기술들로 인한 다수의 연결성 대안들을 제시해야 한다. 새로운 어플리케이션들은 시간과 장소에 제한 없이 다른 휴대용 디바이스들로부터 정보를 엑세스할 수 있는 유비쿼터스 환경을 요구함으로써 셀룰러망, WLNA, 그리고 MANET 등과 같은 다양한 무선 플랫폼들을 통합하도록 한다. 다른 성능과 기능을 갖는 기술들의 통합은 매우 복잡하며, 프로토콜 스택의 모든 계층에 대해 이슈화된다. 이 논문에서는 SDR 기반 무선 통합망을 위한 연결성 대안 및 네트워크 계층에서의 통합 아키텍쳐를 비교 검토한다.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.975-990
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• 2020

Nowadays, the Internet of Things (IoT) network, is increasingly becoming a ubiquitous connectivity between different advanced applications such as smart cities, smart homes, smart grids, and many others. The emerging network of smart devices and objects enables people to make smart decisions through machine to machine (M2M) communication. Most real-world security and IoT-related challenges are vulnerable to various attacks that pose numerous security and privacy challenges. Therefore, IoT offers efficient and effective solutions. intrusion detection system (IDS) is a solution to address security and privacy challenges with detecting different IoT attacks. To develop an attack detection and a stable network, this paper's main objective is to provide a comprehensive overview of existing intrusion detections system for IoT environment, cyber-security threats challenges, and transparent problems and concerns are analyzed and discussed. In this paper, we propose software-defined IDS based distributed cloud architecture, that provides a secure IoT environment. Experimental evaluation of proposed architecture shows that it has better detection and accuracy than traditional methods.

• 농촌계획
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2019

This study aims to make a revitalizing plan for managing and maintaining of facilities which were installed after the rural development projects. The survey was conducted to examine some issues of operating facilities from the developing plan. There were some factors that should be considered in the establishment stage of the project plan when promoting rural development projects. Among them, the preservation and maintenance of rurality, consistency with business plans, connectivity with local resources, and ease of maintenance were less reflective than its importance. And for each facility, systematic consulting on appropriate scale and operational management plans and detailed planning is needed.. It's also necessary to plan action so that the local community can lead. The current or future rural development project will be succeeded when local governments support to strengthening their local groups or people's abilities.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2021

Currently, big data and open data, together with traditional measured data, have come to constitute a new data environment, expanding new technical paths for quantitative analysis of the street environment. Streets provide precious linear public space in high-density residential areas. Pedestrian activities are the main body of street vitality. In this paper, 441 street segments were selected from 21 residential districts in high-density downtown area of Shanghai as cases, to quantitatively evaluate the influencing factors of pedestrian activities. Bivariate analysis was performed, and the results showed that street vitality was not only correlated with a highly populated environment, but also with other factors. In particular, the density of entrances and exits of residential properties, the proportion of walkable areas, and the density of retail and service facilities, were correlated with the vitality of street segments. The magnitudes of correlation between the street environmental factors and the pedestrian traffic differed across various trip purposes. Segment connectivity factors were more correlated with walking for leisure than for transportation. While public transportation factors were mainly correlated with walking for transportation, vehicular traffic factors were negatively correlated with walking for leisure.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.42-50
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• 2013

The objective of this study is to explore basic type of character of humans and to suggest a design method of establishing a spatial construction environment for developing effective learning ability based on such type of character. As a range of research, spatial formative language was deduced and space design strategy for the children was suggested through an analysis of spatial requirements by exploring connectivity depending on features of 9 types of character through Enneagram. As a method of research, a process of suggesting a concrete method after defining an element of spatial construction and deducing a formative language for developing and strengthening effective learning ability for each type of character. As a result of research, the methods of children space design strategy for enhancing learning ability for leadership in a future specific fields were suggested through 9 different type of character with image of case study.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.552-557
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• 2004

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a network architecture, which has no backbone network and is deployed temporarily and rapidly in emergency or war without fixed mobile infrastructures. All communications between network entities are carried in ad-hoc networks over the wireless medium. Due to the radio communications being extremely vulnerable to propagation impairments, connectivity between network nodes is not guaranteed. Therefore, previously developed routing algorithms in wired networks cannot be used. And many new algorithms have been undergone. This study proposes the secondary leader approach to the cluster based routing protocol(CBRP). In case, the primary leader becomes abnormal status so that the primary leader cannot participate the communications between network entities, the secondary leader immediately replaces the primary header without selecting process of the new primary leader. The performances of proposed algorithm ACBRP(Advanced Cluster. Based Routing Protocol;CBRP using secondary leader) are compared with CBRP and results are presented in order to show the effectiveness of the algorithm.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.177-188
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• 1996

An approach to providing computational support with an expert shell is discussed with the scope of an industrial wire harness design, especially at a manufacturing stage. Key issues include the development of an architecture that supports a frequent design change among engineers associated with different parts of the wiring design process and the development of hierarchical representations that capture the different characteristics (e.g., connectivity, configuration) of the harnesses. The abstraction of design information results in features, while the abstraction of drawing elements leads to the definition of objects. These abstractions are essential for efficient transactions among people and computer tools in a domain that involves numerous interacting constraints. In this paper the strategy for the problem decomposition, the definition of features, and the ways in which features are shared by various operations and design changes, are discussed. We conclude with a discussion of some of the issues raised by the project and the steps underway to address them.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 1998년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.15-18
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• 1998

Most existing FRADs support only permanent virtual circuit-based frame relay services. But several applications such as intranets, desktop video conferencing, remote access and voice applications typically do not require the dedicated bandwidth capabilities of PVCs because connections are only occasionally needed. So it drives the need of switched virtual circuit-based FRADs which offer potentail cost savings associated with dynamic bandwidth on demand connectivity. In this paper, we describe Frame Relay Network Access System(FNAS) that provides switched virtual circuit-based frame relay access for dial-up Internet services. The hardware configuration, software architecture and call processing flow of FNAS is explained.

• 한국정보보호학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보보호학회 2006년도 하계학술대회
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• pp.219-222
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• 2006

In this paper an intrusion detection system technique of wireless Ad Hoc network is explained and the advantage of making them work in IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee wireless standard is also discussed. The methodology that is mentioned here is intrusion detection architecture based on a local intrusion database [1]. An ad hoc network is a collection of nodes that is connected through a wireless medium forming rapidly changing topologies. Due to increased connectivity (especially on the Internet), and the vast spectrum of financial possibilities that are opening up, more and more systems are subject to attack by intruders. An ideal IDS should able to detect an anomaly caused by the intruders quickly so that the misbehaving node/nodes can be identified and appropriate actions (e.g. punish or avoid misbehaving nodes) can be taken so that further damage to the network is minimized