• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.11-16
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• 1998

The size and location of spaces need to be changed for teaching & learning activities in open education. This study is aimed to investigate how school facilities should be rearranged when the open education is implemented in elementary school. Some considerations such as enlargement of classroom, establishment of open space, and provision of various self-learning spaces are proposed for the rearrangement. It is also recommended that (1) a space for research and conference for teachers, (2) a multi-learning space to be utilized by connecting general and special classrooms, and (3) an open space for exclusive use of one grade or two grades be established.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.48.1-48.1
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• 2010

A numerical simulation study of the solar coronal plasma reveals that a ballooning instability can develop in the course of flux rope merging. When magnetic field lines from different flux ropes reconnect, a new field line connecting farther footpoints is generated. Since the field line length abruptly increases, the field line expands outward. If the plasma beta is low, this expansion takes place more or less evenly over the whole field line. If, on the other hand, the plasma beta is high enough somewhere in this field line, the outward expansion is not even, but is localized as in a bulging balloon. This ballooning section of the magnetic field penetrates out of the overlying field, and eventually the originally underlying field and the overlying field come to interchange their apex positions. This process may explain how a field structure that has stably been confined by an overlying field can occasionally show a localized eruptive behavior.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.185-191
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• 2003

Walled town was located on the axis connecting symbolic places, which was a feng-shui lucky place of a mountain sits to the rear and a body of water sits to the front. It represents environmental development of cultural space by blend of folk belief, religion, social system, administration facilities and living culture buildings. Therefore it is sustainable cultural view connected of formed or formless religious view and artificial view(wall, government buildings, living houses, and cultivated land so on) in a nature landscape. Environmental design technique, enlarging its meaning and value of living to mental level was founded from space composition and settlement, which was constructed organized space of government and residence area of walled town within the wall for looking for lucky place(from best, better, and good places) in order to construct ecological network (天+地+人, 山＋水＋方位＋人, 地理＋生利＋山水＋人心) by outlook of space and settlement.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2003

Focusing on both the form of open classroom and that of independent one which have been most planned and being built, this study was designed to see if the educational environment of their inner space, structure, and facilities gives a proper support to classroom activities during the various classes based on open education. Selecting representative teaching methods in elementary school, such as open simultaneous learning, learning through a medium, learning in the corner, subject learning, team teaching and learning hardening basics, this study surveyed problems and improvements using literature works, questionnaires, observing, and interviews. Through the study on learning space for open education, it has been known that the form of independent classroom fits into one classroom learning and open classroom into small group learning and individual learning, and that the form of open classroom connecting open space with a classroom are more desirable when there is change from large to small group.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.112-121
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• 2001

In this study, a spatial location-allocation model of center villages (SLAMCV) was developed for selecting spatial center villages and allocating their rear villages. In SLAMCV, rural space was considered as a network with villages for nodes and roads for connecting lines. For quantification of residents’ accessibilities in the network, a disutility index (DUI) was developed and used, which is dependent upon travelling distance between the center and its hinter villages, design vehicle speed in connecting road and population of hinter villages. SLAMCV was verified to Christaller’s hexagonal hierachical settlement system to test the theoretical reasonability and computing algorithm of the model.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.66-73
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• 2004

When we make a place for people, interior space and exterior space are always connected, each influencing the other. To create a better space or increase the quality of an existing space, it is essential to look at the relationship of inside and outside and their boundaries. Without consideration of the landscape, the building itself gives only limited satisfaction to people. This is an important issue for anyone who deals with space. This study intends to explain the important need for a change in attitude towards our built environment and its intrinsic relationship with its natural context. In the study, I try to find design concepts for integration of inside and outside which have accumulated since early Modernism designers and consider cases with different solutions and approaches that make total design sense when looking at the inside and outside as a whole, then, through observation of the cases, I find 5 design methods(Opening, Continuing, Insulting, Wrapping, Interpreting) in connecting the two spaces and analyze the solutions. The various examples which are shown in each patterns will help us to find ideas for the best solutions of integration of inside and outside. It is true that the idea of integration of inside and outside will increase the quality of our environment and it comes with the current thoughts of ecological and sustainable design. Thereby, I suggest designers to change their manner to continuous and integrated point of view in dealing with built environment.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.35-44
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• 2018

The residential space of humans has continuously developed to the most suitable form considering the natural and social environment. Based on this, it has become a unique residential architectural culture of an area. In the architectural field, the space of residential structures is being categorized topological aspect and the quantitative indicators are being calculated to conduct an objective comparative analysis of the characteristics of space by regional groups and individual rooms. Hence, the purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of the spatial composition of Hanok which a modern residential structure connecting traditional residential architecture with modern residential architecture. Hanok generally had a similar spatial composition to that of the traditional Hanok. However, a minor change was spotted due to it being a modern Hanok. It was objectively determined through the environmental characteristics that this form of spatial composition is due to the influence of the Japanese colonial era as the Western lifestyle of inner space centered lifestyle was introduced in the same period that the Jeonju Hanok was mostly created. The sequence of topological spatial gene of Hanok in Jeonju Hanok Village appeared in the order of Toetmaru - Madang - Anbang - Geonneonbang - Meorit bang - Kitchen.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.143-151
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• 2015

This study was conducted under the premise that the university library's subject specialization room is in need of major modifications in order to accommodate the needs of various majors. The subject specialization room will be able to support university library users who are inclined to use the general reading room. Therefore, the study presents spatial planning for the average university library's subject specialization room by taking into account student majors. This could be a guideline for the construction and renovation of university libraries in the future. The summary of results for this study and the conclusions are as follows: 1)Natural sciences subject specialization room should be, partially connected with the humanities/social science subject specialization room in order to provide an open-concept reference room. In the shared area connecting the two subject specialization rooms needs to be installed a staff counter and subject specialist librarian service booth for users of both subject specialization rooms. 2)For humanities/social sciences subject specialization room, partially connect with the natural sciences subject specialization room. In the connecting area between the two rooms, plan an open-concept lounge for resting and reading. 3)It is best to plan subject specialization room for art/music/physical education majors separate from the subject specification room of other majors. Structurally separate art/music/physical education major subject specialization rooms from the building or plan a separate room in an art/music/physical education building. Users of art/music/physical education majors showed a high preference for a spatially separated and specialized library structure, which proves that an art/music/physical education library need to be planed based on the specialized library structure found in law school libraries or medical school libraries. Plan the center of the room with open-concept based reading room. Use wall-sides, partitions, or shelves to create reading space separate from the shelving area.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2004

Nagan walled town is located on an axis connecting symbolic places, which is a lucky place from the Fengshui point of view because a mountain sits to the rear and a body of water sits to the front. It represents the environmental development of cultural space by blending folk belief, religion, social systems, adminstration facilities and living culture buildings. Therefore, it has a sustainable cultural view connected with a formed or formless religious view and an artificial view (walls, government buildings, living houses, cultivated lands, etc.) in a natural landscape. Environmental design techniques, enlarging the meaning and value of living on a mental level, can be found in the arrangement of space composition and settlement of Nagan walled town. The organised spaces of government and residential areas were constructed within the wall with the view of searching for lucky places (from best, better and good places) in order to construct ecological networks according to the outlooks of space and settlement.

• International Journal of Ocean System Engineering
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.139-150
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• 2012

This paper presents an improved guidance algorithm for autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) in 3D space for generating smoother vehicle turn during the course change at the way-points. The way-point guidance by the line-of-sight (LOS) method has been modified for correcting the reference angles to achieve minimal calculation and smoother transition at the way-points. The algorithm has two phases in which the first phase brings the vehicle to converge to a distance threshold point on the line segment connecting the first two way-points and the next phase generates an angular path with smoother transition at the way-points. Then the desired angles are calculated from the reference and correction angles. The path points are regularly parameterized in the spherical coordinates and mapped to the Cartesian coordinates. The proposed algorithm is found to be simple and can be used for real time implementation. The details of the algorithm and simulation results are presented.