• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.42-48
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• 2010

We used video-rate Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) to observe the motion of blood cells in a micro-channel. Video-rate CLSM allowed us to acquire images at the rate of 30 frames per second. The acquired images were used to perform Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), thus providing the velocity profile of the blood in a micro-channel. While previous confocal microscopy-assisted PIV required exogenous micro/nano particles as the tracing particles, we employed blood cells as tracing particles for the CLSM in the reflection mode, which uses light back-scattered from the sample. The blood flow at various depths of the micro-channel was observed by adjusting the image plane of the microscope. The velocity profile at different depths of the channel was measured. The confocal micro-PIV technique used in the study was able to measure blood velocity up to a few hundreds ${\mu}m/sec$, equivalent to the blood velocity in the capillaries of a live animal. It is expected that the technique presented can be applied for in vivo blood flow measurement in the capillaries of live animals.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.12-15
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• 2002

The first purpose of present study was to compare the anticariogenic effect of compomer, resin modified glass ionomer cement and composite (RMGIC). The second purpose was to evaluate the recently introduced methods, which use confocal scanning micro-scope, in detecting initial caries around restoration. 2$\times$4$\times$1.5mm cavities were prepared from the recently extracted 50 human teeth on the buccal or lingual surface. The prepared teeth were randomly devided into 5 groups and restored with each filling material. Group 1: Dyract AP, Group 2: compoglass F, Group 3: F2000, Group 4: Z100. Group 5:Fuji II LC. The teeth were stored for 30 days in the distilled water, then stored in the buffer solution for artificial caries development: pH 4.3, lactic acid 100 mM, calcium 16 mM, phosphate 8mM, sodium azide 3mM. Then, the samples were sectioned longitudinally and examined with confical scanning microscope. The results showed that the use of compomer and resin modified glass ionomer cement showed caries inhibition zone whereas the composite did not. There was no difference in the width of caries inhibition zone between compomers and RMGIC. The confocal scanning microscope was useful in detecting initial caries around restoration.

• Proceedings of the KACD Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.576.2-576
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dentinal sclerosis and tubular orientation on Class V restoration bonded with three dentin bonding agents using confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM). Class V cavities were prepared from freshly extracted caries-free human teeth. thirty of these cavities were divided into two groups based upon the status of class V cavities: Group 1, cervical abrasive lesions without preparation; Group 2, artificially-prepared wedge-shaped cavities.(omitted)

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.405-419
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• 2002

Fracture roughness of rock specimens is observed by a new confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM; Olympus OLS1100). The wave length of laser is 488 nm, and the laser scanning is managed by a light polarization method using two galvano-meter scanner mirrors. The function of laser reflection auto-focusing enables us to measure line data fast and precisely. The system improves resolution in the light axis (namely z) direction because of the confocal optics. Using the CLSM, it is Possible to measure a specimen of the size up to $10{\;}{\times}{\;}10{\;}cm$ which is fixed on a specially designed stage. A sampling is managed in a spacing $2.5{\;}\mu\textrm{m}$ along x and y directions. The highest measurement resolution of z direction is $10{\;}\mu\textrm{m}$, which is more accurate than other methods. Core specimens of coarse and fine grained granite are provided. Fractures are artificially maneuvered by a Brazilian test method. Measurements are performed along three scan lines on each fracture surface. The measured data are represented as 2-D and 3-D digital images showing detailed features of roughness. Line profiles of the coarse granites represent more frequent change of undulation than those of the fine granite. Spectral analyses by the fast Fourier transform (FFT) are performed to characterize the roughness data quantitatively and to identify influential frequency of roughness. The FFT results suggest that a specimen loaded by large and low frequency energy tends to have high values of undulation change and large wave length of fracture roughness.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.313-320
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to evaluate on the interfacial morphology between dentin and restorative materials. In this in vitro study, the cavity wall restorated with 3 different kinds of tooth colored restorative materials [resin-modified Glass Ionomer cement (Fuji II LC), composite resin (Z-100), compomer (Dyract)]. The thirty extracted human molar teeth without caries and/or restorations are used. The experimental teeth were randomly divided into three groups of ten teeth each. In each group, Wedge shaped cavities (width: 3mm, length: 2mm, depth: 1.5mm) were prepared at the cementoenamel junction on buccal and lingual surfaces. The adhesive of composite resin were mixed with rhodamine B. Primer of composite resin, Prime & Bond 2.1 of Dyract and liquid of Fuji II LC were mixed with fluorescein. In group 1, the cavity wall was treatment with dentin conditioner, and then restorated with Fuji II LC. In group 2, the cavity wall was treatment with Prime & Bond 2.1 and then restorated with Dyract. In group 3, the cavity wall was etching with 10% maleic acid, applied with primer and bonding agent and then restorated with Z-100. The interface between dentin and restorative materials was observed by fluoresence imaging with a confocal laser scanning microscope. The results were as follows : 1. In Glass ionomer group, adaptation of resin modified Glass-ionomer restoration against cavity wall is tight, but the crack formed inside of restoration were observed. 2. In Dyract group, the penetration of resin tag is shorter and the width of hybrid layer is narrower than composite resin group. 3. In Z-100 group, primer penetrated deeply through dentinal tubule. Also bonding agent was penetrated along the primer, but the penetration length is shorter than primer part, and in 3-D image, the resin tag is conical shape and lateral branch is observed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.193-194
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2005.02a
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• pp.244-245
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.07a
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• pp.231-232
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Rheology Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.41-44
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• 2001

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.02a
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• pp.292-293
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• 2003

최근 생체의 단층영상 촬영기법으로 각광을 받고 있는 OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography)는 백색광 간섭계를 근간으로 하여 생체의 깊이 정보를 얻어낸다. 2-D 또는 3-D의 입체영상을 얻기 위해서는 1축 또는 2축의 횡방향 스캔이 필요하다. 횡방향 스캔 기법은 SEM (Scanning electron microscope)이나 공초점현미경 (Confocal microscope) 등에서 널리 사용되고 있으므로 기술적인 흥미는 적으나 축방향 (깊이 방향)의 정보 취득 방법은 OCT만의 특징으로 아직 기술적으로 해결 되어야될 부분이 많다. (중략)