• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.135-138
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• 2007

We may have had experience to use meaning of stress once at least. Because various mental and physical frustration, conflict, deprivation, and pressure have been happened around the us while we live our whole life. The stress is always existing at our surroundings as much. Now, most stress measurement method is composed of mental method and physical method. The accuracy of stress grade lacks to the disproportion of subjectivity, objectivity, and a science trait. Therefore, in this paper, we propose the index processing algorithm for a stress relief better, after mixing mental measurement result and physical measurement result.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.45-55
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• 2017

PURPOSES: The objective of this study is to estimate required minimum spacing between Freeway IC for high-speed roadways. METHODS : Since high-speed roadways with over 140 km/h design speed do not exist in Korea, VISSIM Simulation Program was used for analysis. Acceleration noise and conflicts were selected for Evaluation Index. Standard deviation size for acceleration and deceleration was calculated by VISSIM to estimate acceleration noise. Conflicts were produced in areas between Freeway IC with SSAM. RESULTS : As a result, required minimum spacing was 6 km for acceleration noise analysis, while 5 km was deducted for conflict analysis. For Model Evaluation, with SAS, conflicts did not show much difference in 5~6 km area by 90% confidence interval. CONCLUSIONS : For acceleration noise, results showed lacking in its discrimination between index per Minimum Spacing. However, conflicts were valid in difference; required minimum spacing was 5 km by validation result.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.63 no.5
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• pp.639-646
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• 2017

According to the multi-index system of dam safety assessment and the standard of safety, a comprehensive evaluation model for dam safety based on a cloud model is established to determine the basic probability assignment of the Dempster-Shafer theory. The Dempster-Shafer theory is improved to solve the high conflict problems via fusion calculation. Compared with the traditional Dempster-Shafer theory, the application is more extensive and the result is more reasonable. The uncertainty model of dam safety multi-index comprehensive evaluation is applied according to the two theories above. The rationality and feasibility of the model are verified through application to the safety evaluation of a practical arch dam.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 1998

In order to solve the conflict problem between the ride comfort and the road holding, the optimal design of shock absorber that minimizes the r.m.s. of sprung mass vertical acceleration and pitch rate with the understeer characteristics constraints in the high speed stability is proposed. The design of experiments and the nonlinear optimization algorithm are used together to obtain the optimal design of shock absorber. The second order regression models of the input variables(front and rear damping coefficients) and the output variables (ride comfort index and road holding one) are obtained by the central composite design in the design of experiments. Then the optimal design of shock absorber can be systematically adjusted with applying the nonlinear optimization algorithm to the obtained second order regression model. The frequency response analysis of sprung mass acceleration and pitch rate shows the effectiveness of the proposed optimal design of shock absorber in the sprung mass resonance range with the understeer characteristics constraints.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.120-129
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• 2001

A two-degree-of-freedom quarter-car model is used as the basis for LQ and the proposed controller design for a semi-active suspension. The LQ controller results in the best rms performance trade-offs(as defined by performance index) between ride, handling and packaging requirements. In LQ controller, however, the conflict between road holding and ride comfort remains. The adaptive semi-active suspension control based on the road frequency are introduced in this paper. With this method, the trade-off between road holding and ride comfort can be relaxed. The road frequency is estimated by wavelet transform if rattle space signal. The simulation results show that the proposed controller is superior to the conventional LQ controller.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.17-30
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• 2006

The goal of this research was to clarify how a child's maladjustment affects the teacher-child relationship and leads to teaching stress. Subjects were 178 teacher-child pairs in kindergartens or day care centers. The child was 3 to 5-years-old and perceived by its teacher as having maladjusted behavior. Teachers responded to the Index of Teaching Stress(Greene, Abidin, & Kmetz, 1997) and the Student-Teacher Relationships Scale(Pianta 1991). The maladjusted behaviors observed by teachers were correlated with each other. ADHD was the biggest problem perceived by teachers. Most fields of maladjusted children's behaviors caused stress to teachers except those of intellectual deficit and academic Problems. Frustration peaked during the teaching process. More severely maladjusted behaviors resulted in greater conflict in teacher-child relationships.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.114-117
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• 2000

In this paper, Fuzzy Self-organizing Neural Networks(FSONN) based on Fuzzy Neural Networks(FNN) is proposed to overcome some problems, such as the conflict between ovefitting and good generation, and low reliability. The proposed FSONN consists of FNN and SONN. Here, FNN is used as the premise part of FSONN and SONN is the consequnt part of FSONN. The FUN plays the preceding role of FSONN. For the fuzzy reasoning and learning method in FNN, Simplified fuzzy reasoning and backpropagation learning rule are utilized. The number of layers and the number of nodes in each layers of SONN that is based on the GMDH method are not predetermined, unlike in the case of the popular multi layer perceptron structure and can be generated. Also the partial descriptions of nodes can use various forms such as linear, modified quadratic, cubic, high-order polynomial and so on. In this paper, the optimal design procedure of the proposed FSONN is shown in each step and performance index related to approximation and generalization capabilities of model is evaluated and also discussed.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.32
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• pp.75-111
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to investigate the dependency level of news attributes on the government source and to measure up the impact of news negativity, press ideology, and the conflict level on the forementioned relationship in the context of the prime definer role of the government. The prime definer means that the official source such as the government may dominate media access and create media dependency on the issue and issue attributes. To test the research questions, the content analyses of both the government briefing materials and newspapers were conducted. Textual arguments regarding the new administrative capital were chosen for the analysis. The results showed that the government source played a prime definer role in framing issue attributes of news reporting. This prime definer role was not diminished even among the negative coverage about the chosen topic. However, press ideology and the conflict level influenced the relationship between news attributes and the government-released information in some extent.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.39
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• pp.140-177
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• 2007

The purposes of this study are to analyze how the media reflects the source competition between the activist group and the governmental source in the news contents. Media ideology and the conflict phase also were chosen as situational variables for evaluating how those variables could influence the source competition process. To answer the proposed research questions, the study chose the 'screen quota' issue as a research unit and analyzed documents from three sources, media news, the activist group for maintaining screen quota, and the governmental source during six years and three months. The results showed that the government source played a primary definer role in media reporting related to the screen quota issue, compared to the activist group. The governmental source's primary definer role was maintained against the highly contested social issue while the media ideology, to some degree, leveraged the activist group's comparatively unstable primary definer power. The governmental source's primary definer role was escalated as the conflict phase evolved.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.239-276
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• 2009

The paper investigates the possible relationship between earnings prediction by security analysts and special ownership ties that link security companies those analysts belong to and firms under analysis. "Security analysts" are known best for their role as information producers in stock markets where imperfect information is prevalent and transaction costs are high. In such a market, changes in the fundamental value of a company are not spontaneously reflected in the stock price, and the security analysts actively produce and distribute the relevant information crucial for the price mechanism to operate efficiently. Therefore, securing the fairness and accuracy of information they provide is very important for efficiencyof resource allocation as well as protection of investors who are excluded from the special relationship. Evidence of systematic distortion of information by the special tie naturally calls for regulatory intervention, if found. However, one cannot presuppose the existence of distorted information based on the common ownership between the appraiser and the appraisee. Reputation effect is especially cherished by security firms and among analysts as indispensable intangible asset in the industry, and the incentive to maintain good reputation by providing accurate earnings prediction may overweigh the incentive to offer favorable rating or stock recommendation for the firms that are affiliated by common ownership. This study shares the theme of existing literature concerning the effect of conflict of interests on the accuracy of analyst's predictions. This study, however, focuses on the potential conflict of interest situation that may originate from the Korea-specific ownership structure of large conglomerates. Utilizing an extensive database of analysts' reports provided by WiseFn(R) in Korea, we perform empirical analysis of potential relationship between earnings prediction and common ownership. We first analyzed the prediction bias index which tells how optimistic or friendly the analyst's prediction is compared to the realized earnings. It is shown that there exists no statistically significant relationship between the prediction bias and common ownership. This is a rather surprising result since it is observed that the frequency of positive prediction bias is higher with such ownership tie. Next, we analyzed the prediction accuracy index which shows how accurate the analyst's prediction is compared to the realized earnings regardless of its sign. It is also concluded that there is no significant association between the accuracy ofearnings prediction and special relationship. We interpret the results implying that market discipline based on reputation effect is working in Korean stock market in the sense that security companies do not seem to be influenced by an incentive to offer distorted information on affiliated firms. While many of the existing studies confirm the relationship between the ability of the analystand the accuracy of the analyst's prediction, these factors cannot be controlled in the above analysis due to the lack of relevant data. As an indirect way to examine the possibility that such relationship might have distorted the result, we perform an additional but identical analysis based on a sub-sample consisting only of reports by best analysts. The result also confirms the earlier conclusion that the common ownership structure does not affect the accuracy and bias of earnings prediction by the analyst.