• Korean Security Journal
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• no.22
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• pp.65-90
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• 2010

Recently, alarmed by the frequent international terrorism or safety accidents, the host countries of world sports events are focusing on security activities for the sake of the participants, facilities, events and competitions. They are alarmed because in case any happenings like international terrorism or safety accident, the contest itself can be criticized to be a failure as much as the international reliability of the host nation may well crash. We can see that any failure in coping with terrorism or safety matters can lead to a nation-wise crisis in the case of Indonesia where the October 12th of 2002 terrorist bomb attack in Bali damaged the image of the nation followed by the similar case in Philippine (Oct. 20th, 2002) where the same terrorist attack dramatically scared away the tourists to the nation. Korea is scheduled to hold the World Championship in Athletics in Daegu Metropolitan City in 2011. Also, it is slated to host various world sports events such as Yeosu International Exposition and Incheon Asian Games. In these contexts, this study analyzes counter-terrorism cases related with the recent international sports events that have been organized in a variety of manners in the era of globalization. This study aims to show alternatives for the safety management in these events. In other words, it is focusing on giving directions to the safety policies of the nation -which may become the future hub of north-east Asia and the world - for more perfect guard and defense, and counter-terrorism activities in all the conferences, sports events and international festivals where any private defense and guard companies are allowed to cooperate with the police force or public security agencies.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• no.5
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• pp.49-62
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• 1999

Education systems throughout the world encourage their students to learn languages other than their native one. In Australia, our Education Boards provide students with the opportunity to learn European and Asian languages. French, German, Chinese and Japanese are the most popular languages studied in elementary and high schools. This choice is a reflection of Australias European heritage and its geographical position near Asia. In most non-English speaking countries, English is the foreign language most readily available to students. In Korea, the English language is actively promoted by the Education Department and, in less official ways, by companies and the public. It is impossible to be anywhere in Korea without seeing the English language alongside or intermingled with Korean. When I ask students why they are learning English, I receive answers that include the word globalization and the importance of English throughout the world. When I press further and ask why they personally are learning English, the students mention passing exams, usually high school tests or TOEIC, and the necessity of passing the latter to obtain a good job. Seldom do I ever hear anything about communication: about the desire to talk with other people in English, to read novels or poetry in English, to understand movies or pop-songs in English, to chat on the Internet in English, to search for information on the Internet in English, or to email pen-pals in English. Yet isnt communication the only valid reason for learning a language? We learn our native language to communicate with those around us. Shouldnt we set the same goal for learning a foreign language? In my opinion communication, whether it is reading and writing or speaking and listening, must be central to language learning. Learning a language to pass examinations is meaningless unless those examinations are a reliable indicator of the ability of the student to communicate. In previous eras, most communication in a foreign language was through reading novels or formal letters. This required a thorough knowledge of grammar and a large vocabulary. Todays communication is much less formal. Telephone conversations, tele-conferences, faxes and emails allow people to communicate regularly and informally. Reading materials are also less formal as popular novels and newspapers are available world-wide. Movies and popular songs have added to the range of informal communication available. Finally travel has ensured that people from different cultures will meet easily and regularly. This informal communication requires less emphasis on grammar and vocabulary and more emphasis on comprehension and confidence to speak. Placing communication central to language learning has important implications for the Education system and for teachers.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.207-231
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• 2011

This study aims to identify constructs of cultural competency specifically relevant to the Korean society and to test its reliability and validity among human service workers. For the purpose of the study, authors conducted focus group interviews and conferences with human service workers to draw the concept of cultural competency. Further, this study conducted to two separate pilot tests with 20 social workers with practice experiences in order to clarify descriptions and relevance of scale items. Based on the literature review on the concept of cultural competency and analysis of focus group interviews, 40 items were initially constructed and then were reduced to a 32-item scale after two separate pilot studies. Meantime, suggestions made by an advisory group were also reflected in the scale development process. Finally, one hundred ninety four workers in social service agencies were recruited to evaluate the relevance of the scale items in a 5 point Likert scale. Through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, 4 main factors were identified: 1) competency to use culturally relevant skills, 2) cultural awareness and sensitivity, 3) cultural knowledge, and 4) efforts to overcome cultural differences. These factors were consistent with sub-concepts of cultural competency in other studies. Confirmatory factor analysis also showed that the model fitness was at the high level and convergent analysis with the similar scale also showed high correlations. Internal consistency also remained at a high level. Based on the results, implication for social work practice and education were discussed.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.49 no.11
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• pp.688-703
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• 2011

Park Myoung Jin (1903-1957) was a respectable leader who disseminated dental medical education to make our path as the leading dental medical education developing a new global history of dental medicine. Dr. Park was born in Seoul on 3 July 1903. He graduated Kyongseong dental medical school and studied at the pharmacology department achieving his M.D. In 1938, as the president representing the Hanseong dentists association equivalent to the Japanese dentists association, Dr. Park participated in various events. After liberation, Dr. Park tried his best to achieve Korean dental medical education as the pursuit of ideal ego with self-centered ego. He reorganized the Kyongseong dental medical school and incorporated it to the Seoul National University dental college. Even during the Korea war, Dr. Park still sincerely carried out his duties as the director of the Seoul National University dental medical college by recruiting university entrants and turned out graduates. In 1954, Dr. Park as the director of the Seoul National University dental medical college, he frontiered an opportunity to adapt the American dental medicine by sending school staffs to study overseas. On 25 June 1954, Dr. Park received 25 years of meritorius service award presented by Seoul National University Dental Medical College. Further, on 6 Aril 1954, Dr. Park became a member of an academic research committee. In April 1946, Dr. Park was elected as the president of the Chosun Dentists Association(Korean Dental Association). On 19 May 1947, Dr. Park was also appointed as the director of the Korea dental medicine association leading the general meetings and academic conferences from 2nd through the 8th sessions. On 30 November 1954, as the president of the Korea dental medicine association, Dr. Park also published the Korea dental association publications. In 1957, Dr. Park donated the school housing for the principle of the Kyongseong dental medical school establishing the basis for the Korea dentists association center. Dr. Park also participated in establishment of the oral hygiene campaigne, dental administration policy, organization of the specialized subject delegation board members and the dental materials association. On 10 December 1955, we can recognize Dr. Park's respective historical consciousness through his declaration 'history is a true record of historical traces of a national'. Dr. Park was a living witness of the Korean dental industry. Especially, he stated that the origin of the Korean dentists association was in the Hanseong dentists association. Dr. Park overcame the pressure and indignity during the Japanese colonization. The joy of liberation did not last long since he also had to experience the fraticidal tragedy of the Korea war. Dr. Park was a professional dental specialist and a leader researching dental medicine. He was a great leader who understood the dental medicine and dedicated for the dentist association and dental medicine association with compassion for the nation and national as a Korean.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.78-90
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• 2008

In most classrooms, teachers talk more than students. Teachers have been thought to be knowledge-donors and students have been thought to be knowledge-acceptors, so teacher-talks were thought to be more important than student-talks. But student-talks are very important to the students: not only to the students who speak out their opinions or answer to the questions given to them, but also to the others who say nothing in the class. Many students in Korea are not so fond of speaking out something to all the class, so some teachers are using a strategy: to say something as if he for she) is a student in the classroom. What teachers talk are not the words of the teacher-talks. They are only talked by the teachers, but they function like student-talks. To study this type of talks are needed to help both teachers and students but there are not much research about this. So in this paper we a) name it Pseudo Student Talk (PST), b) define it as 'a kind of talks that are not talked by students of the class but its functions are very similar to the student-talks', c) classify PST in 'EBS 2005 science class for 7th grade' according to types of student talks (categorized by Lemke, 1990), and d) show the usage of each kind of PST.

• The Proceeding of the Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.87-103
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• 2008

In recent years, the field of THz photonics based on THz pulse technology has gained tremendous, world-wide interest as a new exciting research subject. With a possibility of many commercial applications as well as fundamental scientific achievements in the field, many advanced nations are stepping up their effort in advancing the field of THz photonics. This fact is supported by the observation of the significant increase in the number of papers on THz pulse technology presented in renowned international journals and conferences. The subject that is interesting for the THz application is the development of THz pulse sources and detectors, and other passive devices. In this paper, we present a brief review on some of the key devices and their relavant measurement techniques such as THz photoconductive antennas, optical rectification, difference frequency geneneration with quasi-phase matching structures, electro-optic sampling, high speed real time measurements, THz transmission lines, and other various waveguide structures.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.111-120
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• 2020

Remarkable scientific and technological achievements are mainly shown in the 'super-convergence' or 'convergence of convergence' among cross- disciplinary fields, and advanced countries are promoting the 'high-risk, high-return research' ecosystem. Google LLC is carrying out numerous new challenges in terms of a non-failure perspective. Innovative research by the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) has produced such breakthroughs as the Internet, GPS, semiconductors, the computer mouse, autonomous vehicles, and drones. China is pioneering a 'Moon Village' and planning the world's largest nuclear fusion energy and ultra-large particle accelerator project. Japan has also launched 'the moonshot technology development research system' to promote disruptive innovation. In Korea, the government is preparing a new research program to tackle the global scientific challenges. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the reasonable geoscientific challenges to be addressed and to conduct a preliminary study on these topics. For this purpose, it is necessary to conduct long-term creative research projects centered on young researchers, select outstanding principal investigators, extract innovative topics without prior research or reference, simplify research proposal procedures, innovate the selection solely based on key ideas, and evaluate results by collective intelligence in the form of conferences.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.275-290
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• 2010

In this study, reliabilities of holistic scoring method and analytic scoring method were analyzed in performance assessments of middle school students' science investigation activity. Reliabilities of 2, 3, and 4~7-level rubric ratings for analytic scoring methods were compared to figure out optimized numbers of rubric ratings. Two trained raters rated four activity sheets of 60 students by two rating methods and three kinds of rubric ratings. Internal consistency reliabilities of holistic scoring methods were higher than those of analytic scoring methods, while intrarater reliabilities of analytic scoring were higher than those of holistic scoring methods. Internal consistency reliabilities and intra-rater reliabilities of 3-level rubric rating showed similar patterns of 4~7-level rubric ratings. But students' discriminations, item difficulties and item-response curves showed that the 3-level rubric ratings was reliable. These results suggest that holistic scoring method could be adapted to increase internal consistency reliabilities with improvement in intra-rater reliabilities by rater's conferences. Also, the 3-level rubric rating would be enough for good reliability in case of adapting analytic scoring methods.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.14
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• pp.5691-5696
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• 2014

Background: Many clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate sorafenib for the treatment of advanced NSCLC, but the results for efficacy have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients with advanced NSCLC in more detail by meta-analysis. Methods: This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed after searching PubMed, EMBASE, ASCO Abstracts, ESMO Abstracts, and the proceedings of major conferences for relevant clinical trials. Two reviewers independently assessed the quality of the trials. Outcomes analysis were disease control rate (DCR), progression- free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and major toxicity. Subgroup analysis was conducted according to sorafenib monotherapy, in combination with chemotherapy or EGFR-TKI to investigate the preferred therapy strategy. Results: Results reported from 6 RCTs involving 2, 748 patients were included in the analysis. Compared to sorafenib-free group, SBT was not associated with higher DCR (RR 1.31 (0.96- 1.79), p=0.09), PFS (HR 0.82 (0.66-1.02), p=0.07) and OS (HR 1.01 (0.92-1.12), p=0.77). In terms of subgroup results, sorafenib monotherapy was associated with significant superior DCR and longer PFS, but failed to show advantage with regard to OS. Grade 3 or greater sorafenib-related adverse events included fatigue, hypertension, diarrhea, oral mucositis, rash and HFSR. Conclusions: SBT was revealed to yield no improvement in DCR, PFS and OS. However, sorafenib as monotherapy showed some activity in NSCLC. Further evaluation may be considered in subsets of patients who may benefit from this treatment. Sorafenib combined inhibition therapy should be limited unless the choice of platinum-doublet regimen, administration sequence or identification of predictive biomarkers are considered to receive better anti-tumor activity and prevention of resistance mechanisms.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.56-65
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• 2016

Many cases have mentioned the effect by applying BIM on the media such as at conferences, workshops, reports, ect. These cases reported that costs could be saved directly by prevention the need to re-do and reconstruct caused by using BIM. BIM users mentioned that using BIM has potential value in saving costs. The benefits of the BIM include intangible value that cannot be estimated in costs, such as reducing work time and improving productivity. However, the financial value of using BIM, such as Return on Investment, has not yet been exposed, and BIM users have a negative view of the financial value of BIM in Korea. Therefore, this study has researched the effects of applying BIM on construction estimate services in view of business productivity, not finance. This study compared the traditional and BIM based estimation, and verified the effect of estimating BIM through work sampling. This study investigated a precondition for getting the effects of BIM based estimation. The results show a need for BIM education, 3D Modeling standards, and database on quantity in order to improve product ivity and reduce work time on BIM based estimation