• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.976-980
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• 1994

The sensitivity factors and the error propagation factors are defined for the three-parameter ellipsometry (TPE). The sensitivity factor is useful for understanding the nature of the TPE measurements in connection with determination of the optical properties and the thickness of a film. On the other hand, the error propagation factors provide a quantitative tool for predicting the optimum condition for TPE experiments. Their usefulness is demonstrated for the passive film formed on nickel in aqueous solution.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.553-567
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• 2014

Borehole instability during drilling process occurs frequently when drilling through shale formation. When a borehole is drilled in shale formation, the low permeability leads to an undrained loading condition. The pore pressure in the compressed area near the borehole may be higher than the initial pore pressure. However, the excess pore pressure caused by stress concentration was not considered in traditional borehole stability models. In this study, the calculation model of excess pore pressure induced by drilling was obtained with the introduction of Henkel's excess pore pressure theory. Combined with Mohr-Coulumb strength criterion, the calculation model of collapse pressure of shale in undrained condition is obtained. Furthermore, the variation of excess pore pressure and effective stress on the borehole wall is analyzed, and the influence of Skempton's pore pressure parameter on collapse pressure is also analyzed. The excess pore pressure decreases with the increasing of drilling fluid density; the excess pore pressure and collapse pressure both increase with the increasing of Skempton's pore pressure parameter. The study results provide a reference for determining drilling fluid density when drilling in shale formation.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2009

If an internal combustion engine is operated by consolidated control, the minimum fuel consumption is achieved satisfying the demanded objectives. For this, it is necessary that the engine is operated on the ideal operating line which satisfies minimum fuel consumption. In this context of view, there are many tries to achieve given object. However, the parameter in the internal combustion engines are variable and depend on the operating points. Therefore, it is necessary to cope with the uncertainties such that the optimal operating may be possible. From this point of view, this paper gives a controller design method and a robust stability condition for engine torque control which satisfies the given control performance and robust stability in the presence of physical parameter perturbation. Exactly, the present paper considers a robust stability of this 2DOF servosystem with nonlinear type uncertainty in the engine system, and a robust stability condition for the servosystem is introduced. This result guarantees that if the plant uncertainty is in the permissible set defined by the given condition then a gain tuning can be carried out to suppress the influence of the plant uncertainties.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.141-149
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• 1996

Lateral dispersion parameter(.sigma.$_{y}$) which is an important factor in atmospheric dispersion can be estimated byusing wind direction fluctuation(.sigma.$_{\theta}$). In this paper, we studied the characteristics of the .sigma.$_{\theta}$ in the Chunchon basin and calculated the .sig- ma.$_{y}$ by using the .sigma.$_{\theta}$. We could find some characteristics of the .sigma.$_{\theta}$ which showed small value, when the atmospheric condition was in weak unstable (C class) and neutral (D class). Moreover, when the atmospheric stability was neutral, there was no difference of .sigma.$_{\theta}$ with wind speed. On the other hand, .sigma.$_{\theta}$ showed large values at the strong unstable (A class) and strong stable (F class) condition with low wind speed. In this case, the .sigma.$_{\theta}$ increased as long as averaging time due to the long-period wind direction fluctuation by the terrain effect. In the result of calculation of .sigma.$_{y}$, it was smaller than that of pasquill-Gifford curve. Especially, when the atmospheric condition was in a neutral and stable, .sigma.$_{y}$ showed small increment as the downwind distance increased.creased.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.169-179
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• 1997

This paper presents a discrete-time sliding mode control of an autonomous underwater vehicle with parameter uncertainties and long sample interval based on discrete variable structure system. Although conventional sliding mode montrol techniques are robust to system uncertainties, in the case of the system with long sample interval, the sliding control system reveals chattering phenomenon and even makes the system unstable. This paper considers the AUV which acquires position informations from a surface ship through an acoustic telemetry system with a certain discrete interval. The control system is designed on the basis of a Lyapunov function and a sufficient condition of the switching gain to make the system stable is give. Each component of the switching gain can be determined separately one another. The controller is robust to the uncertainties, and reaching condition of the control system is satisfied for any initial condition. This control law is a generalized form of the discrete sliding mode control and reduce the chattering problem considerably. Motion control of the AUV in the vertical plane shows the effectiveness of the proposed technique.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2001

The prestressed concrete containment is one of the most important structures in nuclear power plants, which is required to prevent release of radioactive or hazardous effluents to the environment even in the case of a severe accident. Numerical analyses are carried out by using the ABAQUS finite element program to assess the ultimate pressure capacity of the Y prestressed concrete containment with light water reactor at design criteria condition and aging condition considering varied properties of time-dependant materials respectively. From the results, it is verified that the structural capacity of the Y prestressed concrete containment building under the present, aging condition is still robust. In addition, the parameter studies for the reduction of the ultimate pressure capacity of containment building according to the degradation levels of the main structural materials are carried out. The results show that when the degradations of each materials are considered as individual and combined forms, the influence is large in the order of tendon, rebar and concrete degradation, and tendon-rebar, tendon-concrete and rebar-concrete degradation respectively.

• 산업공학
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.13-24
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• 1996

Quality of injection molded parts is dependent on both mold design and processing conditions. From the mold design point of view, an optimal shrinkage should be used to compensate the shrinkage of molded parts. From the processing point of view, it is important to analyze the priority of processing conditions because a number processing conditions affect the quality of molded parts. Processing analysis employing the design of experiment was performed, and the shrinkage of molded part was considered as a characteristic parameter to improve the quality. As the result of the analysis of variance on SN ratio of a characteristic value, injection speed and bolding pressure were selected as two effective process parameters. Regression analysis on shrinkage and processing conditions was carried out, and an optimal processing condition was obtained by the response surface analysis. Shrinkage at the optimal condition could be used to reduce the number of try-cut at the step of mold making. The ranges of indirect control parameter, such as maximum cavity pressure or weight, measured at the optimal processing condition were used for monitoring the quality of molded parts in process.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.108-117
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 해양수산자원 및 레크리에이션 증진을 위한 프로그램의 일부로 개발된 철도차량 인공어초의 수리학적 안정성 평가를 위해 수리모형실험을 수행하였다. Froude 상사법칙을 적용한 고정상 및 이동상 수리모형실험에서는 설계외력(파랑, 흐름 등)에 상당하는 조건에 따라 이론적/실험적 검토를 수행하였다. 실험결과로서 파랑-흐름공존장에서 어초의 안정성에 영향을 미치는 무차원 영향인자(설계파라메타)로서 쇄파상사지수, 수립자속도, 세굴/퇴적 등이 있으며, 고정상 실험에서 어초의 활동을 일으키는 한계조건은 쇄파상사지수에 따라서 무차원 최대수립자속도가 약 0.32 이상일 때 나타났다. 또한 이동상 실험에서 침하량(현장치)은 6~30cm이었다. 실험결과를 바탕으로 어초의 활동에 작용하는 외력의 방향과 저질 특성이 어초 시설적지를 선정할 때 반드시 고려되어야 함을 알 수 있었다.

• 전자공학회논문지SC
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 시변 시간지연을 가지는 특이시스템에 대한 관측기 기반 Η∞ 출력궤환 제어기 설계방법을 단 하나의 선형행렬부등식 조건을 이용하여 제시한다. 제어기가 존재할 충분조건과 제어기 설계방법을 모든 변수의 견지에서 완벽한 하나의 선형행렬부등식으로 표현하여 볼록최적화가 가능하도록 한다. 제어기의 설계과정은 제안한 하나의 충분조건으로부터 직접 구해진다. 구한 충분조건은 하나의 선형행렬부등식으로 표현되어지므로, 슈어 여수정리와 변수치환 및 특이치 분해의 기법에 의하여 궤환이득과 추정이득을 포함하는 모든 해로부터 관측기 기반 Η∞ 출력궤환 제어기를 동시에 구할 수 있다. 또한 제안한 알고리듬을 이용하여 파라미터 불확실성과 시간지연을 가지는 특이시스템에 대한 관측기 기반 견실 Η∞ 출력제환 제어기 설계도 가능함을 보인다. 마지막으로, 제안한 알고리듬의 타당성을 수치예제를 통하여 확인한다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2018

The paper focuses on the seismic responses of a hyperbolic cooling tower resting on soil foundation represented by the three-parameter Vlasov elastic soil model. The three-parameter soil model eliminates the necessity of field testing to determine soil parameters such as reaction modulus and shear parameter. These parameters are calculated using an iterative procedure depending on the soil surface vertical deformation profile in the model. The soil and tower system are modeled in SAP2000 structural analysis program using a computing tool coded in MATLAB. The tool provides a two-way data transfer between SAP2000 and MATLAB with the help of Open Application Programming Interface (OAPI) feature of SAP2000. The response spectrum analyses of the tower system with circular V-shaped supporting columns and annular raft foundation on elastic soil are conducted thanks to the coded tool. The shell and column forces and displacements are presented for different soil conditions and fixed raft base condition to investigate the effects of soil-structure interaction. Numerical results indicate that the flexibility of soil foundation leads to an increase in displacements but a decrease in shell membrane and column forces. Therefore, it can be stated that the consideration of soil-structure interaction in the seismic response analysis of the cooling tower system provides an economical design process.