• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.34-39
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• 2024

Korea government is trying to supply liquid hydrogen from another country to domestic The research for liquid hydrogen transportation and liquefaction plant of hydrogen underway for several years, and empirical research is also planned in the future. Along with the development of liquid hydrogen transport ship/liquefaction plant technology, the development of liquid hydrogen reception base technology must be carried out. In this study, a concept level liquid hydrogen receiving terminal is constructed based on the process of the LNG receiving terminal. Based on this, a study is conducted on the development of analysis technology for the amount of BOG (pipe, tank) generated during cooldown and unloading in the liquid hydrogen unloading line (loading arm to storage tank). The research results are intended to be used as basic data for the design and liquid hydrogen receiving terminal in the future.

• FOCUS: LIFE SCIENCE
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• 제1호
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• pp.3.1-3.7
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• 2024

The article discusses the critical role of chromatography in the analysis and purification of proteins in biopharmaceuticals, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive characterization for ensuring their safety and efficacy. It highlights the use of Avantor® ACE® HPLC columns for the separation and purification of proteins, focusing on the analysis of intact proteins using reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) with fully porous particles. This article also details the application of different mobile phase additives, such as TFA and formic acid, and emphasizes the advantages of using type B ultra-pure silica-based columns for efficiency and peak shape in biomolecule analysis. Additionally, it addresses the challenges of analyzing intact proteins due to slow molecular diffusion and introduces the concept of solid-core (or superficially porous) particles, emphasizing their benefits over traditional porous particles for the analysis of therapeutic proteins. Furthermore, it discusses the development of Avantor® ACE® UltraCore BIO columns, specifically designed for the high-efficiency separation of large biomolecules, such as proteins, and demonstrates their effectiveness in achieving high-resolution separations, even for higher molecular weight proteins like monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). In addition, it underscores the complexity of analyzing and characterizing intact protein biopharmaceuticals, requiring a range of analytical techniques and the use of wide-pore stationary phases, operated at elevated temperatures and with relatively shallow gradients. It highlights the comprehensive range of options offered by Avantor® ACE® wide pore columns, including both fully porous and solid-core particles, bonded with a variety of complementary stationary phase chemistries to optimize selectivity during method development. The use of ultrapure and highly inert base silica is emphasized for enabling the use of lower concentrations of mobile phase modifiers without compromising analyte peak shape, particularly beneficial for LC-MS applications. Then the article concludes by emphasizing the significance of reversed-phase liquid chromatography and its compatibility with mass spectrometry as a valuable tool for the separation and analysis of intact proteins and their closely related variants in biopharmaceuticals.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-24
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to define the content of requisite human structure and function knowledge needed for clinical knowledge of nursing practice. Subjects of human structure and function were divided into 10 units, and each unit was further divided into 21 subunits, resulting in a total of 90 items. Contents of knowledge of human structure and function were constructed from syllabus of basic nursing subjects in 4 college of nursing, and textbooks published by nurse scholars prepared with basic nursing sciences. The degree of need of 90 items was measured with a 4 point scale. The subjects of this study were college graduated 136 nurses from seven university hospitals in Seoul and three university hospitals located in Chonnam Province, Kyungbook Province, and Inchon. They have been working at internal medicine ward, surgical ward, intensive care unit, obstetrics and gynecology ward, pediatrics ward, opthalmology ward, ear, nose, and throat ward, emergency room, rehabilitation ward, cancer ward, hospice ward, and their working period was mostly under 5 years. The results were as follows: 1. The highest scored items of human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice were electrolyte balance, blood clotting mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, hematopoietic function, body fluid balance, function of plasma, and anatomical terminology in the order of importance. The lowest scored items of human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice was sexual factors of genetic mutation. 2. The highest order of need according to unit was membrane transport in the living unit, anatomical terminology in movement and exercise unit, mechanism of hormone function in regulation and integration unit, component and function of blood in oxygenation function unit, structure and function of digestive system in digestive and energy metabolism unit, temperature regulation in temperature regulation unit electrolyte balance in body fluid and electrolyte unit, concept of immunity in body resistance unit, and genetics terminology in genetics unit. The highest order of importance according to subunit was membrane transportation in cell subunit, classification of tissues in tissue unit, function of skin and skin in skin subunit, anatomical derivatives of the skeleton subunit, classification of joints in joint subunit, an effect of exercise on muscles in muscle subunit, function of brain in nervous system subunit, special sense in sensory subunit mechanism of hormone function in endocrine subunit, structure and function of female reproductive system in reproductive system unit, structure and function of blood in blood unit, structure of heart, electrical and mechanical function in cardiovascular system unit, structure of respiratory system in respiratory system subunit, structure and function of digestive system in digestive system subunit, hormonal regulation of metabolism in nutrition and metabolism subunit, function of kidney in urologic system subunit, electolyte balance in body fluid, electolyte and acid-base balance subunit. 3. The common content of human structure and function knowledge need for all clinical areas in nursing was structure and function of blood, hematopoietic function, function of plasm, coagulation mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, body fluid, electrolyte balance, and acid-base balance. However, the degree of need of each human structure and function knowledge was different depending on clinical areas. 4. Significant differences in human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice such as skin and derivatives of the skin, growth and development of bone, classification of joint, classification of muscle, structure of muscle, function of muscle, function of spinal cord, peripheral nerve, structure and function of pancrease, component and function of blood, function of plasma, structure and function of blood, hemodynamics, respiratory dynamics, gas transport, regulation of respiration, chemical digestion of foods, absorption of foods, characteristics of nutrients, metabolism and hormonal regulation, body energy balance were demonstrated according to the duration of work. 5. Significant differences in human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice such as classification of tissue, classification of muscles, function of muscles, muscle metabolism, classification of skeletal muscles, classification of nervous system, neurotransmitters, mechanism of hormone function, pituitary and pituitary hormone, structure and function of male reproductive organ, structure and function of female reproductive organ, component and function of blood, function of plasma, coagulation mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, gas exchange, gas transport, regulation of respiration, characteristics of nutrients, energy balance, function of kidney, concept of immunity, classification and function of immunity were shown according to the work area. Based on these findings, all the 90 items constructed by Korean Academic Society of Basic Nursing Science should be included as contents of human structure and function knowledge.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.21-36
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• 2023

기후변화 대응, 탄소중립 전략, 도시열섬, 미세먼지, 생물다양성 증진 등 환경이슈에 대한 해결책으로 도시녹지와 수목의 가치가 중요해지고 있으며 다양한 연구들이 도시환경개선을 위한 수목의 효과를 다루고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 도시환경개선 측면에서 식재수종, 식재구조, 식재밀도, 식재기반의 선행연구를 종합적으로 고찰하여 도시공원 조성녹지의 식재 리뉴얼 방향성을 제안하고 이를 리뉴얼 계획에 적용해 조경수목을 통한 도시환경개선 효과를 제고하는 데 목적이 있다. 서울시 내 대규모 근린공원인 서울어린이대공원의 식재현황을 현장조사하고 조사자료를 근거로 식재기능평가를 했으며 식재기능개선 필요지역을 중첩 도출하였다. 식재기능평가는 공원기능 설정, 공간기능에 따른 식재개념, 식재현황 단계별로 수행하였고, 연구의 결과인 기능변화에 따른 식재 리뉴얼 방향은 식재기능평가 단계별로 도출하였다. 공원기능 설정은 녹지율을 높이는 것이 우선이나 이용자 편의도 고려해야 하며, 식재개념으로 시각적 경관식재는 교목층은 수형이 아름답고 탄소흡수와 미세먼지 저감효과가 높은 수종을 식재, 생태적 경관식재는 경사구배 위 다층구조 식재지 조성, 완충식재는 다층구조숲으로 조성하여 탄소흡수와 미세먼지 저감 효과 향상, 녹음식재는 활엽수 교목층과 초본층으로 구성하고 초본류의 자연형 식재를 지향해야 한다. 식재수종은 도시환경개선 효과가 높은 수종, 지역 자생종, 야생조류 선호 수종을 식재하고, 식재구조는 경관식재지와 녹음식재지는 교목층과 관목층, 교목층과 초본층으로 구성하고 생태성이 강조되거나 완충기능이 필요한 식재지는 다층구조로 조성한다. 식재밀도는 식재간격 기준으로 더 높은 기준을 적용하며, 식재기반은 빗물재활용과 토양객토 및 통기시설을 사용한다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 노후 도시공원의 식재리뉴얼 계획 시 식재기능평가를 수행하여 식재기능개선 필요지역을 도출하는 데 적용할 수 있으며, 조성녹지의 기능변화 패러다임을 다각도로 반영한 식재 리뉴얼 방향성을 제시했다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.79-92
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• 2015

미래 핵심 가치 기술 발굴 및 탐색을 위해서는 범국가적인 국가R&D정보와 과학기술정보의 연계 융합이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 국가R&D정보와 과학기술정보를 온톨로지와 토픽모델링을 사용하여 연계 융합하여 지식베이스를 구축한 방법론을 소개하고, 이를 기반으로 한 다차원 연계 지식맵 서비스를 소개한다. 국가R&D정보는 국가R&D과제와 참여인력, 해당 과제에 대한 성과 정보, 논문, 특허, 연구보고서 정보들을 포함한다. 과학기술정보는 논문, 특허, 동향 등의 과학기술연구에 대한 기술 문서를 일컫는다. 본 논문에서는 지식베이스에서의 지식 처리 및 관리의 효율성을 높이기 위해 Lightweight 온톨로지를 사용한다. Lightweight 온톨로지는 국가R&D과제 참여자와 성과정보, 과학기술정보를 과제-성과 관계, 문서-저자 관계, 저자-소속기관 관계 등의 단순한 연관관계를 이용하여 국가R&D정보와 과학기술정보를 융합한다. 이러한 단순한 연관관계만을 이용함으로써 지식 처리의 효율성을 높이고 온톨로지 구축 과정을 자동화한다. 보다 구체적인 Concept 레벨에서의 온톨로지 구축을 위해 토픽모델링을 활용한다. 토픽모델링을 활용하여 국가R&D정보와 과학기술정보 문서들의 토픽 주제어를 추출하고 각 문서 간 연관관계를 추출한다. 일반적인 Concept 레벨에서의 Fully-Specified 온톨로지를 구축하기 위해서는 거의 100% 수동으로 해야 하기 때문에, 많은 시간과 비용이 소모된다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 수동적인 온톨로지 구축이 아닌 자동화된 온톨로지 구축을 위해 토픽모델링을 활용한다. 토픽모델링을 활용하여 온톨로지 구축에 필요한 문서와 토픽 키워드 간의 관계, 문서 간 의미 상 연관관계를 자동으로 추출한다. 마지막으로, 이와 같이 구축된 지식베이스의 트리플(Triple) 정보를 활용하여, 연구자들의 공동저자관계, 문서간의 공통주제어관계 등을 연구자, 주제어, 기관, 저널 등의 다차원 연관관계를 방사형 네트워크 형식을 이용하여 시각화한 지식맵 서비스들을 소개한다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.123-137
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• 2007

The advent of the Internet and related Web technologies has created an easily accessible link between a firm and its customers, and has provided opportunities to a firm to use information technology to support supplementary after-sale services associated with a product or service. It has been widely recognized that supplementary services are an important source of customer value and of competitive advantage as the characteristics of the product itself. Many of these supplementary services are information-based and need not be co-located with the product, so more and more companies are delivering these services electronically. Net-based customer service, which is defined as an Internet-based computerized information system that delivers services to a customer, therefore, is the core infrastructure for supplementary service provision. The importance of net-based customer service in delivering supplementary after-sale services associated with product has been well documented. The strategic advantages of well-implemented net-based customer service are enhanced customer loyalty and higher lock-in of customers, and a resulting reduction in competition and the consequent increase in profits. However, not all customers utilize such net-based customer service. The digital divide is the phenomenon in our society that captures the observation that not all customers have equal access to computers. Socioeconomic factors such as race, gender, and education level are strongly related to Internet accessibility and ability to use. This is due to the differences in the ability to bear the cost of a computer, and the differences in self-efficacy in the use of a technology, among other reasons. This concept, applied to e-commerce, has been called the "e-commerce divide." High Internet penetration is not eradicating the digital divide and e-commerce divide as one would hope. Besides, to accommodate personalized support, a customer must often provide personal information to the firm. This personal information includes not only name and address, but also preferences information and perhaps valuation information. However, many recent studies show that consumers may not be willing to share information about themselves due to concerns about privacy online. Due to the e-commerce divide, and due to privacy and security concerns of the customer for sharing personal information with firms, limited numbers of customers adopt net-based customer service. The limited level of customer adoption of net-based customer service affects the firm profits and the customers' welfare. We use a game-theoretic model in which we model the net-based customer service system as a mechanism to enhance customers' loyalty. We model a market entry scenario where a firm (the incumbent) uses the net-based customer service system in inducing loyalty in its customer base. The firm sells one product through the traditional retailing channels and at a price set for these channels. Another firm (the entrant) enters the market, and having observed the price of the incumbent firm (and after deducing the loyalty levels in the customer base), chooses its price. The profits of the firms and the surplus of the two customers segments (the segment that utilizes net-based customer service and the segment that does not) are analyzed in the Stackelberg leader-follower model of competition between the firms. We find that an increase in adoption of net-based customer service by the customer base is not always desirable for firms. With low effectiveness in enhancing customer loyalty, firms prefer a high level of customer adoption of net-based customer service, because an increase in adoption rate decreases competition and increases profits. A firm in an industry where net-based customer service is highly effective loyalty mechanism, on the other hand, prefers a low level of adoption by customers.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.501-511
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• 2014

일괄형 수문모형(Lumped Model)을 활용한 홍수 유출자료의 공간확장에 영향을 미치는 강우-유출모형의 초기조건과 입력자료의 영향에 대해 연구하였다. 강우-유출모형의 초기조건으로는 기저유량 정보의 모형모의에 대한 영향과 저류함수법의 포화우량($R_{sa}$)의 공간분포에 대한 분석을 실시하였으며, 강우-유출모형의 입력자료로서 강우정보의 영향을 자료의 유무에 관련한 과거자료의 조건을 중심으로 그 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 충주댐유역을 선정하였으며, 충주댐 유역을 대규모유역으로 정하고 이를 기준으로 3개 중규모유역과 22개의 소유역으로 구분하였다. 영월1, 충주댐, 영월2의 수위관측소를 70년대 수문자료 유무에 따라 중심 수위관측소로 선정하였으며 이들을 개별적 중심축으로 삼고 1993년부터 2009년까지 30개의 홍수사상을 이용해 홍수유출자료 확장의 특성을 분석하였다. 관측유출을 직접유출과 기저유출로 분류하고 산정된 기저유출을 강우-유출모의에 적용하였다. 기저유출의 적용 유무 조건하에서 세 곳의 수위관측소를 중심으로 각각의 자료 확장성을 파악하였다. 기저유출을 고려한 모델 모의시 Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) 값은 모델 모의 만족범위를 넘어서는 사상이 10% 이상 증가되었다. 강우에 대한 초기유출의 양을 결정하는 포화우량($R_{sa}$)의 분포는 세 곳 수위관측소의 유량값을 중심으로 중권역의 포화우량($R_{sa}$)을 최적화하는 경우, 중권역의 최적화된 포화우량($R_{sa}$) 값은 큰 차이를 보이지 않으며 포화우량($R_{sa}$) 분포가 강우사상과 유출량의 크기분포에 큰 영향을 받지 않았다. 홍수 유출자료의 강수자료 영향은 30개의 홍수사상 자료에서 자료의 이상치를 제외한 17개 홍수사상을 이용해 검증하였으며 강우자료가 많아질수록 오차 범위가 줄어듦을 보였다. 하지만, 전체 홍수사상의 규모에 비해 그 영향이 크지 않는 것으로 파악되었다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.81-98
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• 2004

이 연구는 실업계 고등학교 전문교과 중에서 2005학년도 대학수학능력시험에 신설될 직업탐구영역 중 가사실업계 고등학교 전문교과의 $\ulcorner$인간발달$\lrcorner$과 $\ulcorner$식품과 영양$\lrcorner$의 2개 과목에 대한 절대평가기준 개발에 대한 기초연구를 수행하여 이들 과목이 교육과정에 근거한 평가를 통하여 교육과정의 목표를 구현하여 교육과정이 지향하는 질적인 교육, 특히 교수ㆍ학습 활동을 구현할 수 있도록 하는데 도움이 되는 기초자료를 제공하는데 연구의 목적을 둔다. 이를 위하여, 이 연구에서는 우선, $\ulcorner$인간발달$\lrcorner$과 $\ulcorner$식품과 영양$\lrcorner$과목의 교육과정에 대한 분석을 통하여 과목의 성격과 목표를 분석하였다. 둘째, 절대평가기준의 개념과 필요성에 대한 이론적 검토를 통하여, 성취기준과 평가 기준의 개념을 확인하고, 이를 개발하기 위한 방안(절차 포함)을 구안하였다. 성취기준은, \circled1교육과정의 목표ㆍ내용 분석 \circled2 성취기준의 개발 영역 선정, \circled3성취기준안의 개발 \circled4성취기준의 평가, \circled5성취기준의 확정의 5단계 절차안에 의해 개발하였다. 평가기준은 \circled1성취기준의 분석, \circled2평가영역의 결정, \circled3평가기준안의 개발, \circled4평가기준의 평가, \circled5평가기준의 확정의 5단계 절차안에 의하여 개발하였다 셋째, $\ulcorner$인간발달$\lrcorner$및 $\ulcorner$식품과 영양$\lrcorner$과목의 예시적인 성취기준 및 평가기준을 개발하여 제시하였다. 이후 연구에서는 이 연구에서 제시한 $\ulcorner$인간발달$\lrcorner$및 $\ulcorner$식품과 영양$\lrcorner$과목의 성취기준 및 평가기준 개발 방안에 대한 비판적인 검토가 필요하다. 예를 들어 이 연구에서 성취기준의 개발 영역으로 설정한 '내용요소'의 당위성 및 내용요소 추출의 타당성 등등에 대한 논의, 또 평가기준의 상, 중, 하 수준 구분의 근거, 등등과 같은 다양한 내용에 대한 비판적 논의를 통하여 과목별 성취기준 및 평가기준이 개발되어야 할 것이다. 특히, 후속연구에서는 개념과 논리에 근거한 추상적 수준의 성취기준 및 평가기준에 대한 보다 명확하고 분명한 의사소통을 위하여, 이러한 기준을 활용한 다양한 평가도구가 개발되어 기준의 실제적 해석과 활용이 이루어지도록 하여야 할 것이다.

• 복식
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• 제32권
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• pp.293-312
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• 1997

Deconstructionism is a philosophical stream in the latter half of 20'th century which goes against western metaphysics and tries to deconstruct the dualism e.g. eastern/west-ern man/woman. Its main concepts are 'indi-vidual' 'other' 'difference' 'restoration of the repressed' 'decentralization' 'Today it shows strong influences in literature art, and other social fields. This study investigated inner meanings and exterior forms represented in clothing on the base of Jacques Derrida's theory in order to re-search modes of deconstruction in is. And it compared clothing with architecture among other genres of art in order to discover similarities between through and modes of art in a certain period. For illuminating concept of deconstruction I referred to the literatures of preceding studies and for deconstruction's characteristics in both clothing and architec-ture I referred work's collection book $\ulcorner$collec-tions$\lrcorner$ and other related books dealing from 1960's to this point. As a rsult there are four modes of decons-truction in both clothing and architecture as follows; 1) Differenance which is a concept of the dif-ference in time and space as being trace. 2) In termeaning of meanings which is not present in reality but re-interpreted a new in the future. 3) Interxtuality in which a texte is not alone but with others 4) Dis.De phenomenon in which distortion and fragmentation forms occur as the result of the denial of perfection and reson. There are characteristics of modes of de-construction in clothing as follows; 1) Differance; R.Gigli, P. Rabanne. G.Bersace, V.Westwood are representatives of the cloth-ing which is combined with the past the pres-ent and the future or is re-viewed as the clothing of the past in the present point of view. J. Watanabe R. Dawakubo I miyake are representatives of the clothing which is out-date but re-viewed in the sense of recollec-tion and re-usage. 2) Intermeaning of meanings: R. kawakubo I, Miyake Y,Yamamoto are representatives of the clothing which is incomplete but re-interpreted in the future and appears to be new-fashioned according to ways of bnding wearing throwing on and tying J.C. Castel-bajac K.Hamnett S.Sprouse are representa-tives of the clothing which is made up of ab -stract forms scribbling or symbolic letters which appears to be different according to view-point of observers. 3) Intertextuality ;J.P.Gaultier K.Hamnett, Comme des Gar ons are representatives of intertextuality of gender which avoids the 여-ality of man/woman J.P Gaultier G,Versace J. galliano are representatives of the intertex-tuality of time place and occasion which mixes temporality extensity and purposiveness. J.P Gaultier G,Versace are representatives of the intertextuality of coordination which combines items different in image purpose and use. P.Rabanne A,Courr ges R,Gernreic I,Miyake are representatives of the intertextuality of mat-ter which uses heterogeneous matter different from cloth. 4) Dis.De-phenomenon: R, Kawakubo I.Mi-yake J.P.Gaultier are representatives of the de-composition which discloses distortion and exag-geration of form through destructing the estab-lished way of construction J.Galliano R.Kawa-kubo Devota Y Lomba arte representatives of the decentring which restores the repressed and the alienated on the one hane and shows front-centrality on the other. Comme des Gar ones is representative of the discontinuity because of which right and left up and down are not in har-mony with one another. J,Galliano J.P,Gaultier T,Mugler are representatives of the disruption by way of which one makes one's body exposed through intentional slashes or holes. As a consequence deconstructionism enabled us to investigate similarities between through of deconstruction and modes of art interms of diffrance Intermeaning of meanings intertextuality and Dis De-phenomenon. And we found that deconstruction was a phase of development in that it as a all-comprising and multiple concept tries to pursue the new through deconstruction.

• Strategy21
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• 통권46호
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• pp.89-122
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• 2020

The longing for submarine manufacture and the fear of her power had exited for a long time, but submarine that could submerge and attack was built from 20th century by science technology development. The question, 'Submarine can exercise her power in naval warfare?' had exited before World War I, but the effective value of submarine was shown in the procedure of a chain of naval warfare during World War I and World War II. Germany and the United States made the best use of submarines at that time. The submarines of these nations mounted fierce attack on the enemy's battleships and merchant ships and blocked the sea lanes for war material. These fierce attack on ships became impossible After World War II, and the major powers reduced and coordinated the defence budget, so they considered the role of submarine. However, submarine is still powerful weapon system because she can secretly navigate under the water, and one of the most important force in the navy. The aim of this thesis is analyzing submarine roles in each naval warfare and integrating maritime strategy and weapon system technology into her roles. First, the research about represent submarine roles like anti-surfaceship warfare, anti-submarine warfare, intelligence gathering, land attack, supporting special operation and mine landing warfare will be presented, then the major naval warfare where submarine participated(during ex-World War I, World War I, World War II, The Cold War Era and post Cold War) and the analyzing of submarine roles by time will be presented. Submarine was developed for anti-surfaceship warfare during ex-World War I but could not make remarkable military gain in naval warfare because her performance and weapon was inadequate. However, the effective value of submarine in the procedure of a chain of naval warfare was shown during World War I and World War II. The major powers put battleships into naval warfare undiscriminatingly to command the sea power and submarines did massive damage to enemy navy power, so put a restraint the maritime power of enemy, and blocked the sea lanes for war material. After World War II, the battlefield situation changed rapidly and the concept of preemption became difficult to apply in naval warfare. Therefore, the submarine was unable to concentrate on anti-surfaceship mission. Especially during the Cold War era, nuclear submarine came to appear and her weapon system developed rapidly. These development gave submarines special missions: anti-submarine warfare and intelligence gathering. At that time, United States and Soviet submarines tracked other nation's submarines loaded with nuclear weapons and departing from naval their base. The submarines also collected information on the volume of ships and a coastal missile launching site in company with this mission. After Cold War, the major powers despatched forces to major troubled regions to maintain world peace, their submarines approached the shores of these regions and attacked key enemy installations with cruise missiles. At that time, the United States eased the concept of preemption and made the concept of Bush doctrine because of possible 911 terrorism. The missiles fired from submarines and surface battleships accurately attacked key enemy installations. Many nations be strategically successful depending on what kind of mission a submarine is assigned. The patterns of future naval warfare that my country will provide against will be military power projection and coalition/joint operations. These suggest much more about what future missions we should assign to submarines.