• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.405-414
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• 2016

IC-implementations provide high performance for solving the high computational cost of pattern matching but have relative low flexibility for satisfying different applications. In this paper, we report an associative memory architecture for k nearest neighbor (KNN) search, which is one of the most basic algorithms in pattern matching. The designed architecture features reconfigurable vector-component parallelism enabled by programmable switching circuits between vector components, and a dedicated majority vote circuit. In addition, the main time-consuming part of KNN is solved by a clock mapping concept based weighted frequency dividers that drastically reduce the in principle exponential increase of the worst-case search-clock number with the bit width of vector components to only a linear increase. A test chip in 180 nm CMOS technology, which has 32 rows, 8 parallel 8-bit vector-components in each row, consumes altogether in peak 61.4 mW and only 11.9 mW for nearest squared Euclidean distance search (at 45.58 MHz and 1.8 V).

• ETRI Journal
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.833-844
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• 2015

Recently, new network systems have begun to emerge (for instance, 5G, IoT, and ICN) that require capabilities beyond that provided by existing IP networking. To fulfill the requirements, some new networking technologies are being proposed. The promising approach of the new networking technology is to try to overcome the architectural limitations of IP networking by adopting an identifier (ID)-based networking concept in which communication objects are identified independently from a specific location and mechanism. However, we note that existing ID-based networking proposals only partially meet the requirements of emerging and future networks. This paper proposes a new ID-based networking architecture and mechanisms, named IDNet, to meet all of the requirements of emerging and future networks. IDNet is designed with four major functional blocks-routing, forwarding, mapping system, and application interface. For the proof of concept, we develop numeric models for IDNet and implement a prototype of IDNet.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.394-404
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the conceptual structure of stressors experienced by nursing students during clinical practice. Methods: Ten men and 10 women nursing college students were interviewed. The results were 208 ideas. By synthesizing and editing these ideas, the final statement was trimmed down to 39 questions. The next step was to have the participants classify these 39 final questions. They were asked to rate stress scores using a five-point scale. Through multidimensional scaling analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis yielded dimensions and clusters. Results: Results of the study showed 2 dimensions which were classified as 'interpersonal relationship-practice system' and 'identity-practice environment'. It also yielded 8 clusters which were classified as 'role confusion', 'gender discrimination', 'attitudes of medical personnel and patients', 'comparison between fellow students', 'difference between theory and practice', 'disestablishing the role of practice guide', 'interference with training', and 'problems of the practice environment'. Further, stress factors and stress levels were differentiated depending on the gender of the student. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that educators who are developing clinical practice programs and clinical practitioners should consider stressors during clinical practice and the educational implications to nursing students.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2000

인지과학이 새로운 학문으로 등장하기 시작하면서 인간의 두뇌를 연구하는 움직임 또한 매우 활발히 일어나고 있다. 이와 함께 디자인영역에서도 감성적 요소가 연구의 중심을 차지하기 시작했고 이를 활용한 디자인 프로세스 개발이 다양화되어 가고 있다. 본 연구에서는 변화하고 있는 이런 현상들을 적극적으로 수용하고 이를 디자인기법으로 전환시켜 보고자 노력하였다. 그를 위해 현재 유행처럼 확산되고 있는 마인드 맵을 기법의 대상으로 삼았고 고정관념에서 벗어 날 수 있는 방법에 대한 이론적 설명을 시도하였다. 문제에 접근하기 위해 학습되는 정보가 중요하다고 판단하고 좌, 우측 뇌의 역할을 아날로그이미지와 디지틀 이미지로 규정, 언어(디지틀 이미지)와 시각적 사고(아날로그 이미지)를 자유롭게 넘나드는 방식으로 맵핑기법을 활용하여 해석하였다. 기법의 연구목표는 멥핑방식을 이용한 발상법을 초점으로 추진하였고 그 결과 디자인프로세스 상에서 문제제기로 시작된 명제를 문제 해결까지 브레인스토밍기법으로 진행하며, 문제 해결은 컨셉제시로 가시화되어진다는 논리체계[그림8]를 구축하였다. 또 제시된 컨셉에 의해 디자인적 요구에 의한 아이디어 확산도 맵핑기법을 적용 해결할 수 있다고 보고 [그림12]와 같은 사례를 결과물로 제시하였다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집C
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• pp.426-431
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• 2001

When we use various multimedia programs such as 3D-game, visual conference, dial-pad phone by internet service, we make use of headset generally. As internet system is magnified more and more, a demand of headset will be increasing continuously. Because microphone was fixed by headset, it has many inconveniences for using headset. For these reasons, new concept headset is needed nowadays. Main idea of development of headset is very the automatic operation system of microphone. There are many process variables in appling new technology to the conventional headset. They can be solved by using axiomatic approach method which is very useful design method for designing new products. Its main character is scientific and analytical. The goal of this research is to design and manufacture a new headset model with axiomatic design method. In this paper, a new concept headset was presented by mapping the relation between functional requirements and design parameters.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.162-167
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• 2010

A pseudoreceptor combines structure-based and ligand-based techniques to represent a unifying concept for both receptor mapping and ligand matching. In this molecular modeling approach, there are opportunities to construct the pseudoreceptor models using a set of small molecules. To build a reliable pseudoreceptor model, we need a set of ligand molecules with known affinity (biological activity) to generate 3D bioactive conformation for each of these ligand molecules. Several software packages are available to generate a pseudoreceptor model and this can provide an entry point for structure based drug discovery in cases where receptor structure information is not available. In this review, we presented the concept of pseudoreceptor, as well as discussed about various software packages available to generate a pseudoreceptor model.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈B:순수및응용수학
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.357-375
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• 2023

In this paper, we introduce the concept of bipolar soft supra topological space and provide a characterization of the related concepts of bipolar soft supra closure and bipolar soft supra interior. We also establish a connection between bipolar soft supra topology and bipolar soft topology. Additionally, we present the concept of bipolar soft supra continuous mapping and examine the concept of bipolar soft supra compact topological space. A related result concerning the image of the bipolar soft supra compact space is proved. Finally, we identify the concepts of disconnected (connected) and strongly disconnected (strongly connected) space and derive several results linking them together. Relationships among these concepts are clarified with the aid of examples.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.46-64
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• 2003

벡터형 공간 객체는 장거리에 걸쳐 존재하고 있으며 폭이 좁은 특성을 가지고 있다. 벡터형 공간 객체에 대한 영상지도를 제작하기 위해서는 통상의 면형 영상지도에서 사용되는 기법과 전혀 다른 접근이 필요하다. 벡터형 공간 객체의 이와 같은 특성을 고려하여 원격동영상과 인터넷 GIS 기술을 결합한 영상지도 제작기법이 개발되었다. 인터넷상에서 원격동영상과 수치지도의 결합은 지형경관의 실제 모습을 시각적으로 제시할 수 있는 등 두 가지 기술의 장점을 효율적으로 활용할 수 있다. 원격 동영상지도는 사용자가 다양한 검색 방법에 의거 광역 공간정보를 단시간에 체험할 수 있는 기회를 제공하였으며 전통적인 지도는 위치 정보를 제공하여 동영상에 나타나는 물체가 실시간대에 확인할 수 있도록 하였다. 동영상 지도는 전통적인 지도학에서 확립된 지도의 개념 자체에 대한 재정립을 요구하게 되는 바, 본 연구는 '벡터형 공간 객체에 대한 인터넷 원격 동영상지도'라는 새로운 개념을 제시하였다는 데 가장 큰 의의가 있다. 향후 본 시스랩이 도입되어 본격적으로 서비스 될 경우 주민들에게 벡터형 공간 객체에 대한 다양한 유형의 영상정보 -다른 축척, 다양한 응용분야- 를 제공하여 지리정보의 대중화를 더욱 촉진할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.200-210
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• 2000

objective to ascertain whether the concept of the therapeutic side is associated with changes in the blind sport mapping that represents the brain function. design Physiological blind spot maps were used as an integer of brain activity before and after acupuncture needling on the meridian point Hapkok(合谷) and Techung(太衝) in the unilateral side decided by double-blind controlled study(20 subjects). setting outpatient clinic participants: adult volunteers intervention twenty subjects were divided into two comparative groups and underwent specific acupuncture therapy on the unilateral side. Blinded examiners obtained reproducible pre and post-acupuncture cortical maps, which were subjected to statistical analysis. main outcome measures Brain activity was demonstrated by reproducible circumferential measurements of cortical hemispheric blind spot maps before and after acupuncture on the unilateral side. in case of acupuncture needling on the ipsilateral side of an enlarged side of bilnd spot, there were reduction of blind spot in 7 cases of 10 subjects, and enlargement in 3 cases. in case of acupuncture needling on the contralateral side of the enlarged side of blind spot, there were enlargement of blind spot in 6 cases of 10 subjects, and reduction in 4 cases. results the significant changes in the blind spots before and after acupuncture were observed Acupuncture needlings on the ipsilateral or contralateral side of an enlarged cortical map were associated with the concept of the therapeutic side traditionally accepted in the oriental medical society. Acupuncture needling on the ipsilateral side of an enlarged blind spot map is associated with the reduction of map, and increaed contralateral cortical activity. Acupuncture needling on the side opposite an enlarged blind spot map is associated with the enlargement of map, and decreased cortical activity. conclusion Reproducible maps of cortical responses can be used to measure the neurological consequences of acupuncture needling. Acupuncture can affect the somatic sensory informations that reach to the contralateral thalamus, and so affect thalamic integration. we found that acupuncture therapy may be associated with an increase or a decrease in brain function depending on the side of acupuncture needling. thus, the traditional concept of the contralateral therapeutic theory in acupuncture approach has the clinical significance in the view of brain function.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.451-460
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• 2004

W-CDMA 시스템의 파일럿 비트 패턴은 채널 측정 및 프레임 동기 확인에 사용된다. 본 논문은 이러한 파일럿 패턴의 프레임 동기용 이원부호를 제안한다. 프레임 동기 단어라고 불리는 이러한 이원부호의 자기 상관 및 상호 상관 특성을 이용하여 이상적인 프레임 동기 특성을 구할 수 있는 회로를 제안한다. W-CDMA시스템에서는 두 개의 수신 단말기를 갖지 않고도, 다른 주파수의 측정을 가능하게 하기 위한 압축모드(compressed mode)를 두고 있다. 이 모드에서는 10 msec의 한 프레임 시간 동안에 7 슬랏까지 전송이 중단될 수 있는데, 이러한 경우에 제안된 프레임 동기용 이원부호의 우선 쌍 간의 보완 매핑(complementary mapping) 관계를 이용하면, 이상적인 프레임 동기 특성을 유지 할 수 있음을 보인다. 그리고 우선 쌍 개념, 보완 매핑(complementary mapping) 관계, 최대장부호(maximal length sequence) 개념을 이용하여 제안된 프레임 동기 단어를 생성하는 회로에 관하여 논한다.