• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.123-132
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• 2020

The EDucation-research Integration through Simulation On the Net (EDISON) platform, which is a web-based platform that provides computational science and engineering simulation execution environments, can offer various analysis environments to students, general users, as well as computational science and engineering researchers. To expand the user base of the simulation environment services, the EDISON platform holds a challenge every year and attempts to increase the competitiveness and excellence of the platform by analyzing the user requirements of the various simulation environment offered. The challenge platform system in the field of computational science and engineering is provided to users in relation to the simulation service used in the existing EDISON platform. Previously, EDISON challenge servicesoperated independently from simulation services, and hence, services such as end-user review and intermediate simulation results could not be linked. To meet these user requirements, the currently in-service challenge platform for computational science and engineering is linked to the existing computational science and engineering service. In addition, it was possible to increase the efficiency of service resources by providing limited services through various analyses of all users participating in the challenge. In this study, by analyzing the simulation and usage environments of users, we provide an improved challenge platform; we also analyze ways to improve the simulation execution environment.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.87-94
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• 2022

Recently, with the development of information and communication infrastructure, the number of Internet access devices is rapidly increasing. Smartphones, laptops, computers, and even IoT devices are receiving information and communication services through Internet access. Since most of the device operating environment consists of web (WEB), it is vulnerable to web cyber attacks using web shells. When the web shell is uploaded to the web server, it is confirmed that the attack frequency is high because the control of the web server can be easily performed. As the damage caused by the web shell occurs a lot, each company is responding to attacks with various security devices such as intrusion prevention systems, firewalls, and web firewalls. In this case, it is difficult to detect, and in order to prevent and cope with web shell attacks due to these characteristics, it is difficult to respond only with the existing system and security software. Therefore, it is an automated defense system through the collection and analysis of web shells based on artificial intelligence machine learning that can cope with new cyber attacks such as detecting unknown web shells in advance by using artificial intelligence machine learning and deep learning techniques in existing security software. We would like to propose about. The machine learning-based web shell defense system model proposed in this paper quickly collects, analyzes, and detects malicious web shells, one of the cyberattacks on the web environment. I think it will be very helpful in designing and building a security system.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2022

In this paper, availabilities of student-evaluations of team activities in the computer science basic classes were analysed. For the purpose, correlation analysis was conducted to investigate the relationships among peer-evaluation, self-evaluation, and academic achievement, and it was found that there was a statistically significant positive correlation among them. Moreover, the gap between peer-evaluation scores and self-evaluation scores was analyzed. When a one-sample t-test was performed, it was found that the gap was very significant. However, the size of the gap was not different between the two classes. That is, regardless of grade level, the students' self-evaluation scores tended to be on average higher than the evaluation scores received from peers. Finally, when analyzing the relationship between the gap in peer-evaluation and self-evaluation scores and academic achievement, there was no significant correlation between the gap in scores and academic achievement. In other words, there was no difference in the tendency of evaluation for students with high or low academic achievement. The results of the analysis shows the availability of student-evaluations of team activities in the evaluation of team-based instruction. The high correlation between self-evaluation and peer-evaluation indicates the objectivity of student-evaluation. Although it is clear that the self-evaluation score is higher on average than the score received from peers, it is more useful in terms of objectivity because it does not vary according to grade, subject, or academic achievement.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.117-125
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• 2023

Flipped learning is an instructional approach that reverses the traditional order of in-class and after-class activities. It entails students studying course materials before attending class, and then utilizing class time for completing homework tasks. Due to collaborative support available from teachers and peers, flipped learning has gained extensive adoption in computer science and engineering courses, enabling students to effectively engage in homework assignments. Nevertheless, students are responsible for studying class materials independently, which can limit their understanding of advanced topics. We propose an approach that combines both flipped learning and the traditional method, allowing them to mutually enhance each other. In the proposed approach, students acquire foundational concepts prior to attending class, and subsequently delve into advanced topics during classroom sessions through lectures and guidance provided by the teacher. Afterward, students collaborate with their peers to solve problems that involve the application of the concepts they have learned, and exchange a variety of solutions and perspectives. We implemented the proposed approach in four computer science and engineering classes, spanning one to four semesters and observed an enhancement in students' comprehension and satisfaction levels. We anticipate implementation of the proposed approach across various computer science and engineering courses, while enhancing their overall quality.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.203-213
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• 2022

To understand an underlying geological structure via seismic imaging, the velocity information of the subsurface medium is crucial. Although the full-waveform inversion (FWI) method is considered useful for estimating subsurface velocity models, 3D FWI needs a lot-of computing power and time. Herein, we compare the calculation efficiency and accuracy of frequency-domain 2D and 3D acoustic FWIs. Thereafter, we demonstrate that the artifacts from 2D approximation can be partially suppressed via frequency-domain 2D FWI by employing diffraction angle filtering (DAF). By applying DAF, which employs only big reflection angle components, the impact of noise and out-of-plane reflections can be reduced. Additionally, it is anticipated that the DAF can create long-wavelength velocity structures for 3D FWI and migration.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.139-148
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• 2020

Due to change in circumstances in the 2000s such as severe birthrate decline and shortened military service period, the armed forces of the Republic of Korea is currently turning to technologies and equipments from manpower, developing it to become high-tech, high-speed, and complex, resulting in an environment in which a single mistake could cause a mass mortality crisis.It is also evident that, considering aspects such as safety training curriculums and achievements of advanced countries and private education, hands-on training is a must in preventing suicides and accidents in the military, and establishing safety training centers is crucial for systematic and effective hands-on training.Soldiers who are joining the army as of now have experienced the Internet ever since they were born and easily use both virtual and augmented reality, and the current level of science and technology has developed to the point where most of the public safety experience centers are able to be replaced by virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR). Therefore, considering the aspects such as installation space, construction costs, maintenance costs, user characteristics, and education effects, other than for those trainings where real models and objects are more effective such as first aid training, it is with a strong recommendation that establishing military safety training facilities with VR/AR (Virtual and augmented reality) is a must in the coming future. We have derived the need for hands-on training by considering the development of virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR), analysis of operation status of the public safety experience centers, characteristics of military units, installation and maintenance costs, and proposed plan to establish safety training centers where effective training performance can be achieved at a lower cost than the public safety experience center. In addition, we suggested the scale of the required safety training center and the composition of the experience rooms considering the number of trainees and the environment of each military units. Given this analysis it will contribute to the prevention of military safety and suicide by building a safety training center in the future.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.60-76
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• 2022

This study presents a software full setup and the following test execution times in a Linux cluster for the United Kingdom Earth System Model (UKESM) and then compares the model results from control and experimental simulations of the UKESM relative to various observations. Despite its low resolution, the latest version of the UKESM can simulate tropospheric chemistry-aerosol processes and the stratospheric ozone chemistry using the United Kingdom Chemistry and Aerosol (UKCA) module. The UKESM with UKCA (UKESM-UKCA) can treat atmospheric chemistryaerosol-cloud-radiation interactions throughout the whole atmosphere. In addition to the control UKESM run with the default CMIP5 SO₂ emission dataset, an experimental run was conducted to evaluate the aerosol effects on meteorology by changing atmospheric SO₂ loading with the newest REAS data over East Asia. The simulation period of the two model runs was 28 years, from January 1, 1982 to December 31, 2009. Spatial distributions of monthly mean aerosol optical depth, 2-m temperature, and precipitation intensity from model simulations and observations over East Asia were compared. The spatial patterns of surface temperature and precipitation from the two model simulations were generally in reasonable agreement with the observations. The simulated ozone concentration and total column ozone also agreed reasonably with the ERA5 reanalyzed one. Comparisons of spatial patterns and linear trends led to the conclusion that the model simulation with the newest SO₂ emission dataset over East Asia showed better temporal changes in temperature and precipitation over the western Pacific and inland China. Our results are in line with previous finding that SO₂ emissions over East Asia are an important factor for the atmospheric environment and climate change. This study confirms that the UKESM can be installed and operated in a Linux cluster-computing environment. Thus, researchers in various fields would have better access to the UKESM, which can handle the carbon cycle and atmospheric environment on Earth with interactions between the atmosphere, ocean, sea ice, and land.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.691-711
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• 2022

The state-of-the-art Earth system model as a virtual Earth is required for studies of current and future climate change or climate crises. This complex numerical model can account for almost all human activities and natural phenomena affecting the atmosphere of Earth. The Unified Model (UM) from the United Kingdom Meteorological Office (UK Met Office) is among the best Earth system models as a scientific tool for studying the atmosphere. However, owing to the expansive numerical integration cost and substantial output size required to maintain the UM, individual research groups have had to rely only on supercomputers. The limitations of computer resources, especially the computer environment being blocked from outside network connections, reduce the efficiency and effectiveness of conducting research using the model, as well as improving the component codes. Therefore, this study has presented detailed guidance for installing a new version of the UM on high-performance parallel computers (Linux clusters) owned by individual researchers, which would help researchers to easily work with the UM. The numerical integration performance of the UM on Linux clusters was also evaluated for two different model resolutions, namely N96L85 (1.875° ×1.25° with 85 vertical levels up to 85 km) and N48L70 (3.75° ×2.5° with 70 vertical levels up to 80 km). The one-month integration times using 256 cores for the AMIP and CMIP simulations of N96L85 resolution were 169 and 205 min, respectively. The one-month integration time for an N48L70 AMIP run using 252 cores was 33 min. Simulated results on 2-m surface temperature and precipitation intensity were compared with ERA5 re-analysis data. The spatial distributions of the simulated results were qualitatively compared to those of ERA5 in terms of spatial distribution, despite the quantitative differences caused by different resolutions and atmosphere-ocean coupling. In conclusion, this study has confirmed that UM can be successfully installed and used in high-performance Linux clusters.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.35-42
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• 2016

Recently many researches have been focused on the use of the markerless augmented reality system using face, foot, and hand of user's body to alleviate many disadvantages of the marker based augmented reality system. In addition, most existing augmented reality systems have been utilized rigid objects since they just desire to insert and to basic interaction with virtual object in the augmented reality system. In this paper, unlike restricted marker based augmented reality system with rigid objects that is based in display, we designed and implemented the markerless augmented reality system using deformable objects to apply various fields for interactive situations with a user. Generally, deformable objects can be implemented with mass-spring modeling and the finite element modeling. Mass-spring model can provide a real time simulation and finite element model can achieve more accurate simulation result in physical and mathematical view. In this paper, the proposed markerless augmented reality system utilize the mass-spring model using tetraheadron structure to provide real-time simulation result. To provide plausible simulated interaction result with deformable objects, the proposed method detects and tracks users hand with Kinect SDK and calculates the external force which is applied to the object on hand based on the position change of hand. Based on these force, 4th order Runge-Kutta Integration is applied to compute the next position of the deformable object. In addition, to prevent the generation of excessive external force by hand movement that can provide the natural behavior of deformable object, we set up the threshold value and applied this value when the hand movement is over this threshold. Each experimental test has been repeated 5 times and we analyzed the experimental result based on the computational cost of simulation. We believe that the proposed markerless augmented reality system with deformable objects can overcome the weakness of traditional marker based augmented reality system with rigid object that are not suitable to apply to other various fields including healthcare and education area.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2012

With the slowdown in environmental issues and the change of environmental consciousness, ecotourism is being discussed in various social fields. Ecotourism is being popularized for environmental protection, and now it is becoming a mainstream product from one of mass tourism. Ecotourism's emphasis on sustainable development in the tourism destination's society, economy, and environment, through ecotourism study and education, enable people to understand the core value of the ecological environment. 2011 was nominated as "the Year of World Forest" by the UN. In the recent years, forests are becoming increasingly important with their own values and functions in environment, economy, society, and culture. In particular, the global environmental issues caused by climate change are becoming an international agenda. Forests are the only effective solution for the carbon dioxide that causes global warming. Moreover, forests constitute a major part of ecotourism, and are now most used by ecotourists. For example, Korea, wherein 60% of the land is forest, attracts ecotourists. With the increasing interests in environment, the number of tourists visiting the ecosystem forest, which is highly valued for its conservation, is increasing significantly every year and is receiving considerable attention from the government. However, poor facilities in the forest ecotourism sites and improper market strategies are the reasons for the poor running of these sites. Furthermore, tourists' environmental awareness affects ecology environmental pollution or the optimization of forest ecotourism. In order to verify the relationships among tourist attractiveness, environmental consciousness, charm degrees of the attractions, and attitudes after tours, we established some scales based on existing research achievement. Then, using these scales, the researcher completed the questionnaire survey. From December 20, 2010 to February 20, 2011, after conducting surveys for 12 weeks, we finally obtained 582 valid questionnaires, from a total of 700 questionnaires, that could be used in statistical analysis. First, for the method of research and analysis, the researcher initially applied the Cronbach's (Alpha) for verifying the reliability, and subsequently applied the Exploratory factor analysis for verifying the validity. Second, in order to analyze the demographics, the researcher makes use of the Frequency analysis for the AMOS, measurement model, structural equation model computing, and also utilizes construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and nomological validity. Third, for the analysis of the ecotourists' environmental consciousness, impacts on tourist attractiveness, charm degrees of the attractions, and attitudes after the tour, the researcher uses AMOS 19, with the path analysis and equation of structure. After the research, researchers found that high awareness of natural protection lead to high tourist motivation and satisfaction and more positive attitude after the tour. Moreover, this research shows the psychological and behavioral reactions of the ecotourists to the ecotourist development. Accordingly, environmental consciousness does not affect the tourist attractiveness that has been interpreted as significant. Furthermore, people should focus on the change of natural protection consciousness and psychological reaction of ecotourists while ensuring the sustainable development of ecotourists and developing some ecotourist programs.