• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.249-255
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• 2018

Many studies in risk management have been focused on management process, contract relation, and risk analysis in the past decade, but very few studies have addressed project risks from the perspective of risk efficiency. This study started with using Fault Tree Analysis to develop a framework for the decision-making support system of risk management from the perspective of risk efficiency, in order for the support system to find risk strategies of optimal combination for the project manager by the trade-off between project risk and cost of project strategies. Comprehensive and realistic risk strategies must strive for optimal decisions that minimize project risks and risk strategies cost while addressing important data such as risk causes, risk probability, risk impact and risk strategies cost. The risk management in the construction phase of building projects in Taiwan upon important data has been analyzed, that provided the data for support system to include 247 risk causes. Then, 17 risk causes were extracted to demonstrates the decision-making support system of risk management from the perspective of risk efficiency in building project of Taiwan which could reach better combination type of risk strategies for the project manager by the trade-off between risk cost and project risk.

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.36-43
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• 2021

[Purpose] Exercise is a key factor in preventing obesity and metabolic syndrome. Sumo wrestlers increase their body size from childhood for athletic advantage; however, the risk of metabolic syndrome in junior sumo wrestlers is undetermined. Preventive measures against pediatric obesity should be initiated during childhood to prevent obesity in adulthood, considering its high global incidence. We comparatively evaluated the risk factors for metabolic syndrome in junior sumo wrestlers and children with obesity. [Methods] We enrolled 70 male children (age 9-17 years [sumo group, n = 14] and 9-14 years [other sports and non-exercise groups, n = 28 each]) and evaluated their anthropometric parameters (height, weight, body mass index z-score, obesity rate, waist circumference, waist to height ratio) and hematological parameters (total, low-density, high-density, and non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; triglycerides; plasma glucose, and glycated hemoglobin levels). [Results] The BMI z-score, obesity rate, waist circumference (p < 0.05, along with the non-exercise group), and systolic blood pressure were significantly higher and the high-density cholesterol level was lower in the sumo group than in the other sports group (p < 0.05). The waist to height ratio was significantly higher in the non-exercise group than in the other sports group (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found in other blood lipid, plasma glucose (significantly lower level than the reference range in the sumo group, p < 0.05), and glycated hemoglobin (within the reference range in all groups) levels among the three groups. [Conclusion] Junior sumo wrestlers had a larger body size and higher blood pressure than children with obesity who exercised regularly. This provides direction for future research into targeted preventive interventions against metabolic syndrome for junior sumo wrestlers with large body size.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.59-65
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• 2015

The extraction of third molars is a common task carried out at dental/surgery clinics. Postoperative pain is one of the two most common complications of this surgery, along with dry socket. Knowledge of the frequent risk factors of this complication is useful in determining high-risk patients, planning treatment, and preparing the patients mentally. Since the risk factors for postoperative pain have never been summarized before while the risk factors for dry socket have been highly debated, this report summarizes the literature regarding the common predictors of postextraction pain. Except for surgical difficulty and the surgeon's experience, the influences of other risk factors (age, gender and oral contraceptive use) were rather inconclusive. The case of a female gender or oral contraceptive effect might mainly be associated with estrogen levels (when it comes to dry socket), which can differ considerably from case to case. Improvement in and unification of statistical and diagnostic methods seem necessary. In addition, each risk factor was actually a combination of various independent variables, which should instead be targeted in more comprehensive studies.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.394-398
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• 2016

In this paper, a fire detection system based on quantitative risk estimation is presented. Multiple sensors are used to build a comprehensive indicator that represents the risk of fire quantitatively. The proposed fire risk estimation method consists of two stages which determines the occurrence of fire and estimates the toxicity of the surveillance area. In the first stage, fire is reliably detected under diverse fire scenarios. The risk of fire is estimated in the second stage. Applying Purser's Fractional Effective Dose (FED) model which quantitates harmfulness of toxic gases, the risk of the surveillance area and evacuation time are calculated. A fire experiment conducted using four different types of combustion materials for the verification of the system resulted in a maximum error rate of 12.5%. By using FED calculation and risk estimation methods, the proposed system can detect various signs of fire faster than conventional systems.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.77-93
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• 2007

Risk has been considered as one of very important topics in traditional consumer behavior theoretically and practically since its tendency of minimizing errors rather than maximizing utilization in addition to its intuitive appealing with very high explaining power. In addition to a traditional view of risk, importance of risk in online transactions such as Internet banking is due to technical instability in security of the Internet as well as temporal and spatial separation of transaction partners. Therefore, risk in online transactions should be analyzed by a very comprehensive way since it is very inherent in the Internet. The objective of this study is to suggest a research model for explaining the use of online transactions in some risk related variables including risk results, security result, perceived security, and social influence and show its validity by applying it to Internet banking users. In result, hypotheses suggested by our research model are shown to be valid ones.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.71-78
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• 2009

Recently, interest has heightened over 'critical infrastructures' and their reliability in the face of potential terrorist attack. Assault on any of the critical infrastructures as transportation, power, water, telecommunications, and financial services, entails great consequences for their users as well as the other interdependent critical infrastructures. How to protect our vital critical infrastructures is the key question in this paper. The purpose of this article is to suggest the implications for crisis and emergency management to protect the critical infrastructures in our society. For achieving the purpose, we examined the concept of comprehensive security, national crisis, and critical infrastructure and, using the holistic approach, we examined the comprehensive emergency management for suggesting the implications for establishing the critical infrastructure protection system; building up the high reliability organization, organizing and partnering, assessing the risk, preparing first responders, working with private owners of critical infrastructures, working with communities, improving the administrative capacity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.257-258
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• 2015

The amount of damages caused by natural hazards is consistently growing due to the unusual weather and extreme events. At the same time, property damage by natural hazards is rapidly increasing as well. Hence, we need systematic anti-disaster activities and consulting that can react to such a situation. To address these needs, we investigated and analyzed insured claim payouts from natural hazards by administrative area, and calculate the risk index utilizing GIS. According to the index, this map is identifying the areas of greatest natural hazard risk. The ranking of natural disaster vulnerability based on the risk index, and risk grades were divided into five based on the ranking. This map integrates the natural hazard losses to assist in comprehensive and effective loss prevention activities using analysis of regional loss claims from natural hazards. Moreover, this map can be as utilized as loss mitigation and prevention activities to verify the distribution of exposure and hazards.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.27-34
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• 1997

In this paper, systematic and comprehensive approaches are suggested for the application of quantitative PRA techniques especially for those risk events that cannot be easily evaluated quantitatively In addition, dominant risk events are identified based on their occurrence frequency assessed by both actual survey of construction site conditions and the statistical data related with the probable accidents. Practical FTA(Fault Tree Analysis) and ETA(Event Tree Analysis) models are used for the assessment of the identified risks. When the risk events are lack of statistical data, appropriate Bayesian models incorporating engineering judgement and test results are also introduced in this paper. Moreover, a fuzzy probability technique is used for the quantitative risk assessment of those risk components which are difficult to evaluate quantitatively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.13-21
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• 2023

PURPOSE: This study examined the specific clinical risk factors in middle-aged men with age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass (ALSMM). METHODS: The present research analyzed the data from a cross-sectional study of 1,564 community-dwelling participants aged between 40 to 49 years old. The participants were screened for ALSMM. The study examined various risk factors, including age, height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, skeletal muscle mass index, smoking and drinking status, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose levels, and triglyceride and cholesterol levels. RESULTS: The risk factors of ALSMM were height, body mass index, waist circumference, skeletal muscle mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, drinking status, fasting glucose, and triglyceride levels (p < .05). The weight, triglyceride, and smoking status variables were non-significant (p > .05). CONCLUSION: The risk factors for ALSMM among community-dwelling adults were determined. These results are expected to contribute to the existing literature on ALSMM and provide potential risk factors associated with the development of ALSMM in middle-aged males.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.25-33
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• 2010

Nowadays worldwide leading companies try to establish more efficient and comprehensive management system for getting high quality, reliability and safety. In this paper, we investigate standards for quality management, dependability management and risk management. We also suggest an integrated and comprehensive system of quality(ISO/TS16949), dependability (IEC60300)and risk(JIS Q2001). The evaluation method on the performance of dependability management systems are developed and applied for the semiconductor equipment company.