• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.632-639
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 lacZ transcriptional fusion plasmid를 이용하여 광합성 세균인 Rhodobacter sphaeroides에서의 7가지 광합성유전자 (puf, puc, puhA, bchC, bchE, bchF, bchI) 발현의 경향과 조절을 조사하였다. R. sphaeroides에서 puhA와 bchI를 제외한 모든 광합성유전자들이 호기적 조건과 비교했을 때 혐기적 조건에서 더욱 강하게 발현되었다. puhA 유전자는 bchFNBHLM-RSP0290과 operon을 형성하며, bchI 유전자는 crtA와 operon을 이루는 것으로 나타났다. 광합성 조건에서 자란 R. sphaeroides의 puf, puc, bchCXYZ operon의 발현은 빛의 세기에 비례하는 반면, bchFNBHLM(RSP0290 puhA) operon의 발현은 빛의 세기에 반비례 하였다. bchEJG의 발현은 $10\;W/m^2$의 빛이 조사된 광합성 조건에서 제일 낮았으며, $100\;W/m^2$의 빛의 광합성 조건에서 가장 높았다. R. sphaeroides의 산소인지와 빛 인지에 관련된 세 가지 주요 조절기작에 의한 광합성유전자 조절은 다음과 같다. puf와 bchC는 PpsR repressor와 PrrBA two-component system에 의해 조절된다. 그리고 puc operon은 PpsR, FnrL, PrrBA system에 의해 조절된다. bchE의 발현은 FnrL과 PrrBA system에 의해 조절되는 반면, bchF는 오로지 PpsR에 의해서만 조절된다. PpsR repressor는 강한 세기의 빛 조건에서 bchf 발현억제의 원인이 되며, FnrL은 그 자체가 산소를 인지하는 기능 이외에도 세포질의 산화/환원 상태의 인지에 관련될 것으로 보인다.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.373-404
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• 2011

본 연구의 목적은 혁신활동이 기업의 경영성과에 미치는 영향을 밝히는 데 있다. 이러한 연구는 1960년대 이후 활발하게 진행되어 왔는데, 이론과 달리, 실증분석에서는 혼재된 결과가 나타났다. 실증분석 결과가 이론과 다론 이유는 많이 있지만, 사용되는 통계와 분석 방법의 차이에 기인하는 바가 크다. 본 연구는 이러한 문제의식의 연장선상에서 통계문제를 최소화하기 위해 노력하였다. 특히, 이용 가능한 통계를 최대한 활용하기 위해, 특허청에서 제공되는 특허 출원건수의 전수통계(1990~2008)를, 연구개발은 한국신용평가기관에서 제공되는 연구개발비용 통계(1990~2008)를 사용하였다. 본 연구의 가장 큰 의의는 바로 방대한 통계작업이라 할 수 있다. 적절한 지표 산정을 위해, 주성분 분석을 활용하여 혁신성 지수를 산출하였고, 기업 패널분석과 고성장 기업의 분석에 적절한 분위수 추정을 함께 사용하여 다양한 유형의 기업들에게 미치는 효과를 측정하였다. 분석결과를 보면, 패널 분석에서는 혁신활동이 기업의 경영성과에 미치는 영향이 유의적이지 않지만, 분위수 추정에서는 이와 다른 결론을 도출하였다. 특히, 하위 10%에 해당하는 저성장기업에게는 혁신이 유의하지 않지만, 상위 10%의 고성장 기업에게는 혁신활동이 매우 중요한 영향을 끼치는 것으로 나타난다. 혁신활동이 대기업보다 중소기업에 보다 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타난 점 역시 커다란 시사점이라 할 수 있다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.251-255
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• 2008

상위 씨감자 순환식 심지양액재배에 있어서 송이의 배지 재료로서의 이용 가능성과 알맞은 재식밀도를 구명하고자 송이 + 피트모스(1:2, v/v)와 펄라이트 + 피트모스(1:2, v/v) 배지에 대지 소괴경($7.0{\pm}0.2\;g$)을 상자($0.16\;m^2$)당 각각 3, 6, 9, 12, 15주(19, 38, 56, 76, $95/m^2$)를 심어 생육 및 수량을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 조사된 모든 형질에 있어서 배지종류와 재식밀도간 유의한 상호작용이 없었다. 생육불량주가 상자당 3주$\sim$12주재식구에서 $8.3{\sim}14$이었으나 15주재식구에서는 25.8%이었다. 2. 줄기 및 잎의 길이, 주당 경수 등은 배지종류에 따른 차이가 없었으나 $m^2$당 ${\geq}5\;g$괴경수 및 괴경수량은 송이혼용배지에 비해 펄라이트혼용배지에서는 각각 21% 및 32% 증가되었다. 3. 재식밀도가 상자당 3주에서 9주로 증가됨에 따라 줄기 및 잎의 길이가 작아졌으나 더 밀식될 때에도 이상 감소되지 않았으나 주당 괴경수 및 괴경수량은 밀식할수록 감소되었다. 4. 재식밀도가 상자당 3주에서 15주로 증가됨에 따라 $m^2$ 당 ${\geq}5\;g$괴경수 및 괴경수량은 각각 101개와 6.3 kg에서 269개와 11.6 kg으로 증가되었다. 5. 소괴경 심지양액재배 시 펄라이트 + 피트모스 배지가 보다 적합하며, 생육불량개체비율, $m^2$당 ${\geq}5\;g$괴경수과 괴경수량 등을 고려한 알맞은 재식밀도는 소괴경이 충분할 경우 $m^2$당 76주 정도, 부족할 경우 56주 정도로 판단된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.4-11
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• 2020

Objective: Puerarin has the potential of regulating the differentiation of preadipocytes, but its mechanism of action has not yet been elucidated. Adipocytes found in adipose tissue, the main endocrine organ, are the main sites of lipid deposition, and are widely used as a cell model in the study of in vitro fat deposition. This study aimed to investigate the effects of puerarin on adipogenesis in vitro. Methods: Puerarin was added to the culture medium during the process of adipogenesis. The proliferation and differentiation of bovine preadipocytes was measured through cell viability and staining with oil red O. The content of triacylglycerol was measured using a triglyceride assay kit. The mRNA and protein expression levels of adipogenic genes, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α, were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. Results: The addition of puerarin significantly increased adipogenesis of bovine preadipocytes and enhanced the mRNA and protein level expression of PPARγ (p<0.01). The expression of P-Akt increased after adipogenic hormonal induction, whereas puerarin significantly increased PPARγ expression by promoting the Akt signaling component, P-Akt. The mechanism of adipogenesis was found to be related to the phosphorylation level of Ser473, which may activate the downstream signaling of the Akt pathway. Conclusion: Puerarin was able to promote the differentiation of preadipocytes and improve fat deposition in cattle. The mechanism of adipogenesis was found to be related to the phosphorylation level of Ser473.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.213-221
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• 2021

The modernization approach to monitoring regional processes of providing social services is proposed. The methodological approach is developed in the context of the modern public policy, which includes the following stages: the formation of a system of indicators that characterize the level of the social services modernization; the determination of the levels of regions development by such components as the modernization level of the economic sphere, the modernization level of the demographic component and the modernization level of employment; the determination of weights for each group of indicators and calculation of integrated indicators, ranking of regions; the allocation of criteria for classification and grouping of regions according to the modernization level of the social services sphere; highlighting the most important problems of each region. The proposed method is tested on the example of the Ukraine's regions. According to the results of calculations of the modernization level of the processes of providing social services, the ranking and grouping of the regions was carried out. The rating allowed to distinguish four groups of regions: regions with a high modernization level of social services, regions with above-average levels, as well as regions with medium and low levels. The author's modernization approach to monitoring the processes of providing social services allows to investigate the real state of the main indicators influencing these processes and to identify problem regions in order to develop mechanisms to stimulate their development.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.451-459
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• 2013

The biological activity of tissue specific stem cell is under the control of their specific microenvironment and the exogenous chemicals derived from digestive tract can be one of the constructing factors of that. It is suggested that the extract of brown algae Ishige okamurae has antioxidant-, apoptosis induction-, and antiinflammatory-effects. On the other hand, a few studies have shown that antioxidant assist inhibition of accumulation of fat. So we studied the effect of the extract of I. okamura on the cellular activity and differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte to adipose cell. The viability of cell was analyzed using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazo-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cell was analyzed after induction in the induction medium containing the I. okamurae extract. The cellular activity was high compared with the vehicle and 0.05 mM caffeine in all groups of I. okamurae extract treated cells. The extract of I. okamura inhibited accumulation of lipids in 10 and $50{\mu}g/ml$. The expression of the marker genes for adipocyte differentiation coincided with cytochemical results. These results suggest that the extract of I. okamurae increases the cellular viability of adipose precursor cells. On the other hand, it suppresses the differentiation of preadipocyte to adipocyte and accumulation of lipids in concentration-dependent manners. It may be possible that the major component of the extract can be applied in the control of adipose tissuegenesis.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.1627-1627
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• 2001

In this study, a newly constructed optical measurement system, whose main components were a parametric tunable laser and a near infrared photoelectric multiplier, was applied to detection of the information for the inside of Satsuma mandarin using time-of-flight near infrared spectroscopy (TOF-NIRS). The combined effects on the time resolved profile of sample diameter, sugar content, the wavelength of the laser beam, and the detection position of transmitted light were investigated in detail. The samples used were Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshu $M^{ARC}$.) (location: Wakayama, Japan) having the diameters of 50-84 mm. The sugar content measured by a refractometer varied from 9.9 to 16.3 Brix%. Equator of sample was irradiated vertically with the pulsed laser, and transmitted output power was measured on the restricted position of the equator using the optical fiber cable. The sampling time and the number of averaging the output power were 100 ns and 100 times, respectively. The variation of the attenuance of peak maxima At, the time delay of peak maxima t and the variation of full width at half maximum w were strongly dependent on the detection position and the wavelength of the laser beam. At, t and w increased gradually as the sample diameter increased to be much absorbed and vigorously scattered. On the other hand, each optical parameter had a tendency to increase as the sugar content increased. Such behavior was remarkable when the transmitted light was detected at the side face of a sample. When we apply TOF-NIRS to detection of the information for the inside of fruit with high moisture content like Satsuma mandarin, it is very important to give attention to the difference in the scattered light within tissues and the semi-straightly propagated light. Furthermore, we tried to express the resulting phenomena by using a model samples composed of water, sucrose, and milk. The variation of the time resolved profile is strongly governed by the combination of the light absorption component, scattering medium, and refractive index.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.1626-1626
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• 2001

In this study, a newly constructed optical measurement system, whose main components were a parametric tunable laser and a near infrared photoelectric multiplier, was applied to detection of the information for the inside of Satsuma mandarin using time-of-flight near infrared spectroscopy (TOF-NIRS). The combined effects on the time resolved profile of sample diameter, sugar content, the wavelength of the laser beam, and the detection position of transmitted light were investigated in detail. The samples used were Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshu $M_{ARC}$.) (location: Wakayama, Japan) having the diameters of 50-84 mm. The sugar content measured by a refractometer varied from 9.9 to 16.3 Brix%. Equator of sample was irradiated vertically with the pulsed laser, and transmitted output power was measured on the restricted position of the equator using the optical fiber cable. The sampling time and the number of averaging the output power were 100 ns and 100 times, respectively. The variation of the attenuance of peak maxima At, the time delay of peak maxima $\Delta$t and the variation of full width at half maximum Δw were strongly dependent on the detection position and the wavelength of the laser beam. At, $\Delta$t and $\Delta$w increased gradually as the sample diameter increased to be much absorbed and vigorously scattered. On the other hand, each optical parameter had a tendency to increase as the sugar content increased. Such behavior was remarkable when the transmitted light was detected at the side face of a sample. When we apply TOF-NIRS to detection of the information for the inside of fruit with high moisture content like Satsuma mandarin, it is very important to give attention to the difference in the scattered light within tissues and the semi-straightly propagated light. Furthermore, we tried to express the resulting phenomena by using a model samples composed of water, sucrose, and milk. The variation of the time resolved profile is strongly governed by the combination of the light absorption component, scattering medium, and refractive index.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2002

The object of this study was to determine the surface energy of hydrophobically modified micro-crystalline cellulose (MCC) with AKD and evaluate the effect of surface energy of the solid particles dispersed in aqueous medium on flotation efficiency. Especially to eliminate the complication derives from the diverse parameters of solid particles including particle size, type, etc. MCC's modified with AKD have been used. The surface energy Parameters were calculated from advancing contact angles of apolar and polar liquids on MCC pellets using the Lifshitz-van der Waals acid-base (LW:AB) approach. Total surface energy of hydrophobic MCC ranged from 46.19 mN/m to 48.60 mN/m. The contribution of the acid-base components to the total surface energy ranged form 13% to 17% for hydrophobic MCC's. The effect of surface characteristics on the flotation efficiency was evaluated. It was shown that there exist critical values of surface energies to increase flotation efficiency. Total surface energy and polar component of solid particles should be lower than 47 mN/m and 7 mN/m, respectively, for effective removal in the flotation process.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.7-16
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• 1981

심근 수축기전에 있어서 중심적인 역할을 하는 칼슘 이온과 Hienamine과의 상호작용을 비교 검토하였고 아울러 이 강심효과에 대하여 칼슘길항제인 란타눔과 verapamil을 사용하여 이에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였다. Higenamine은 적출 가토좌심방근에 대해 심근의 칼슘과 상호보완적인 상승 및 상가작용을 나타내었고 Higenamine $10^{-7}g/ml$은 0.058mM의 칼슘과 동등한 심근 수축증강효과를 나타내었으며 부자부타놀 분획물과 비교할 때 약 1,000배 정도 강력한 강심작용을 나타내었다. 또한 심근세포막의 칼슘유입을 억제한 조건인 란타눔과 verapamil처치시에도 Higenamine은 용량의존적으로 저하된 심근 수축력을 회복시킴으로 미루어 볼 때 Higenamine외 강심작용기전의 일부는 세포막을 통한 칼슘의 유입을 촉진시키는 것일 것으로 추측하였다.