• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.152-158
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• 2009

Although the genetic basis for bone mineral density (BMD) has been studied by many groups so far, genes responsible for this complex trait has not been completely revealed. In order to localize quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for BMD variation in Asian population, the study was designed using a group of Mongolian population, a genetically closed population with a homogeneous lifestyle. BMD was measured at the left and right wrists and ankles using DEXA in 1,082 participants from 142 families. Genotyping of 13 polymorphic microsatellite markers on chromosome 13 (average spacing 8-9 cM) and two-point and multipoint linkage analysis were performed. In two-point linkage analysis, we identified two markers, D13S175 (6.03 cM) and D13S265 (68.73 cM) that had LOD scores greater than 1 for left ankle (LOD=2.09, LOD=1.49, respectively). We also found a marker D13S175 (6.03 cM) with a high LOD for left wrist (LOD=1.49) and the markers D13S265 (68.73 cM) and D13S217 (17.21 cM) for the right wrist (LOD= 1.82, LOD= 1.62, respectively). Among these significant marker regions, only two regions at 17 cM (13p11) and 65 cM (13q21) for the right wrist overlapped with major QTLs reported in following multipoint linkage analysis (LOD= 1.7549, LOD=1.4462, respectively). This study provides the possible evidence of the presence of QTLs affecting right wrist BMD in Mongolian populations on 13p11 and 13q21. Modest evidence was also found for genes affecting left ankle and left wrist BMD on 13p13.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.533-541
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• 2005

We identify the correct chromosome and locate the corresponding markers close to the QTL in the linkage analysis of a quantitative trait by using the SSVS method. We consider several markers linked to the QTL, as well as to each oyher and thus the i.b.d. values at these loci generate collinear predictors to be evaluated when using the SSVS approach. The results on considering only closely linked markers to two QTL simultaneously showed clear evidence in favor of the closest marker to the QTL considered over other markers. The results of the analysis of collinear markers with SSVS showeed high concordance to those obtained using traditional multiple regression. We conclude based on this simulation study that the SSVS is quite useful to identify linkage with multiple linked markers simultaneously for a complex quantitative trait.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 2018

Researchers have increased their interest in effectively managing the disaster that appear in large scale and complex form. There are two types of disaster information, which are unstructured text data and structured data. Unstructured text data usually refers to text documents that have been referenced by disaster management personnel such as disaster manuals and related regulations, while structured data refers to various disaster information build in the disaster related organization system. This paper proposes a methodology of constructing a disaster information sharing system that enables joint use of disaster related organizations through the establishment of a mutual linkage system by utilizing both unstructured and structured form of disaster information. Especially, Based on the linkage information between structured earthquake information in earthquake related system and earthquake manuals and countermeasures against earthquake disaster, we propose a service that provides the necessary information for earthquake management. It is expected that the task manager will perform effective earthquake state management by acquiring the integrated structured and unstructured earthquake information of the ministries and related organizations.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.135-142
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• 2018

A public pedestrian passage induces traffic into the apartment complex, and therefore, it requires the application of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design(CPTED). This paper aims to analyze the conditions and to suggest the improvements of public pedestrian passages in apartment complexes, applying a 3-D approach from CPTED aspect. The first aspect is "Designation": 1)The linkage between the public pedestrian passages is weak, and their designated purpose becomes unclear. 2)When the designated purpose is not considered for each complex, the closure rate is high. 3)The closure rate of the "Through type" is high. It suggests that the pedestrian network should be built and vitalized at the local urban level. The second aspect is "Definition." The public pedestrian passage lacks a social, cultural, and legal definition and only has a passive physical definition. It suggests that a legal definition and specialized guildline be prepared. The third aspect is "Design": 1)Insufficient territoriality exists between the public pedestrian passage and the inside of the complex. Territoriality should be reinforced between the public pedestrian passage and the rest of the internal territory. 2)The landscaping adjacent to the public pedestrian passage lacks deliberation. Since this is where safety and privacy collide, detailed design and maintenance of the landscaping is required. 3)It lacks systematical crime prevention facilities and should compensate accordingly.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
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• 1986.12a
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• pp.524.1-524
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• 1986

CMCase, a member of cellulose decomposing enzymes, hydrolyze cellulose up to cellobiose. Cellobiase splits cellobiose to glucose units. Therefore, a linkage of the twogenes coding for CMCase and cellobiase on the same plasmid is needed to produce a cellulase complex which can produce glucose from cellulose. A genetic operon in which the two structural genes are under the control of a single promoter would be ideal for this purpose. The present report is on the linking of the two cellulase genes in one plasmid as a preliminary step of the operon construction.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.99-106
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• 2001

Proteomics research includes identification and quantitation of single protein and/or protein complex, profiling of protein expression changes in response to biological perturbations, characterization of protein functions and interactions, and elucidation the linkage between proteins and diseases. In this review paper, recent developments in the basic technologies involved in the proteomics research such as 2-dimensional PAGE and mass spectrometry are discussed. Also, the application areas of proteomics technology such as protein expression mapping and cell map proteomics are introduced with the focus on new drug development.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.251-261
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• 2005

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune/inflammatory disorder with a complex genetic component. RA is characterized by chronic inflammation of the synovial membrane in the joint, which leads to the progressive destruction of articular cartilage, ligament and bone. Several cytokines such as tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}\;TNF-{\alpha}\;and\;interleukin-1{\beta}\;(IL-1{\beta})$ and interleukin-6 (IL-6) have been implicated in the pathological mechanisms of synovial tissue proliferation, joint destruction and programmed cell death in rheumatoid joint. Genome wide screening of subjects suffering from autoimmune diseases especially arthritis revealed linkage to inflammatory molecules like $TNF-{\alpha},\;IL-1{\beta}$ and IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor-kappaB $(NF-{\kappa}B)$ and human leucocyte antigen/major histocompatibility complex (HLA/MHC) locus. The status of the pharmacological mechanism of herbal drugs in the light of genome wide screening results has been discussed to reinforce the therapeutic potential and the pharmacological basis of the herbal drugs.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.2077-2080
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• 2014

Cobalt-immobilized SBA-15 6a-c was synthesized from alkyne-attached SBA 5a-c by the reaction with $Co_2(CO)_8$ in toluene. Alkyne group was introduced into amino SBA-15 (4) by imine-linkage or substitution with propargyl bromide to afford iminoalkyne 5a and aminoalkyne 5b, respectively. Meanwhile, alkyne 5c was prepared in one-step by reacting triethoxysilyl hexyne with SBA-15. Dicobalt-complexes 6a-c were characterized by means of FT-IR, solid-state NMR and elemental analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.21-26
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• 2020

A descending lifeline is the only self-escape fire apparatus for fire in high-rise buildings and is installed in most buildings according to fire-fighting law. However, it is difficult to properly use and quickly evacuate during an emergency due to its complex installation methods and procedures, even if users are pre-educated. In this paper, a new one-touch descending lifeline, which simplifies usage procedures and can be used regardless of whether users are educated, is proposed to solve the drawbacks of the conventional descending lifeline. All separate parts that require additional installation are initially assembled in a box, and the concept of a double square linkage is proposed to enable escape in a single motion of pushing the handle attached to the box. Three steps of kinematic design are explored to determine an appropriate configuration of double square linkage, and its dimensions are determined using Matlab and NX CAD software. The proposed all-in-one descending lifeline also follows the enforcement decree of the Fire Control Act, and its feasibility is verified through fabrication.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.149-153
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• 2005

Asthma is an inflammatory airways disease characterized by bronchial hyperresponsiveness and airways obstruction, which results from a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Interleukin (IL)-13 and IL-4 are important in IgE synthesis and allergic inflammation, therefore genes encoding IL-13 and IL-4 are candidates for predisposition to asthma. In the present study, we screened single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL-13 and IL-4 and examined whether they are risk factors for asthma. We resequenced all exons and the promoter region in 12 asthma patients and 12 normal controls, and identified 18 SNPs including 2 novel SNPs. The linkage disequilibrium(LD) pattern was evaluated with 16 common SNPs, and haplotypes were also estimated within the block. Although IL-13 and IL-4 are localized within 27 kb on chromosome 5q31 and share many biological profiles, this region was partitioned into 2 blocks. One SNP and three SNPs were determined as haplotype-taggingSNPs (htSNPs) within IL-13 and IL-4 haplotype-block, respectively. No significant associations were observed between any of the SNPs or haplotypes and development of asthma in small number of Korean subjects. However, the genetic variants of IL-13 and IL-4 would provide valuable strategies for the genotyping studies in large population.