• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part2
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• pp.1112-1113
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• 2006

The perovskite- type oxide $(ABO_3)$ containing transition metals on the B-site show mixed (electronic/ionic) conductivity. These mixed-conductivity oxides are promising materials for oxygen permeating membranes. The main objective of this research work is to synthesize and characterization ceramic powders of the Sr-Co-Fe-O system for methane conversion using membrane reactor. SCFO powders were synthesized from the route was based on the complex method of combination of acid EDTA and citrate and shown be available by control efficient of synthesis to performed $SrCo_{0.8}Fe_{0.2}O_{3-\delta$, moreover, it presented easy implementation, reproducibility and operation. Powder ceramic was characterized by XRD, microscopic optic, SEM and TG-DTA.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.149-157
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• 2006

Hydrogen as new energy sources is highly efficient and have very low environmental emissions. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is an emerging technology that can meet these demands. Therefore, the preparation of stable polymeric membranes with good proton conductivity and durability are very important for hydrogen production via water electrolysis with PEM at medium temperature above $80^{\circ}C$. Currently Nafion of Dupont and Aciflex of Asahi, etc., solid polymer electrolytes of perfluorosulfonic acid membrane, are the best performing commercially available polymer electrolytes. However, these membrane have several flaws including its high cost, and its limited operational temperature above $80^{\circ}C$. Because of this, significant research efforts have been devoted to the development of newer and cheaper membranes. In order to make up for the weak points and to improve the mechanical characteristics with cross -linking, acid-base complexes were prepared by the combination PSf-co-PPSS-$NH_2$ with PEEK-$SO_3H$. The results showed that the proton conductivity decreased in 17.6% and 40% but tensile strength increased in 78% and 98%, about $20.65\;{\times}\;10^6N/m^2$, in comparison with SBPSf/HPA and SPEEK/HPA complex membrane.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.204-211
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• 2008

A platinum-catalyzed polyelectrolyte porous membrane was prepared by solid-state compression of electrospun polystyrene (PS) fibers and in-situ metallization of counter-balanced ionic metal sources on the polymer surface. Using this ion-exchange metal-polymer composite system, fiber entangled pores were formed in the interstitial space of the fibers, which were surrounded by sulfonic acid sites ($SO_3^-$) to give a cation-selective polyelectrolyte porous bed with an ion exchange capacity ($I_{EC}$) of 3.0 meq/g and an ionic conductivity of 0.09 S/cm. The Pt loading was estimated to be 16.32 wt% from the $SO_3^-$ ions on the surface of the sulfonated PS fibers, which interact with the cationic platinum complex, $Pt(NH_3)_4^{2+}$, at a ratio of 3:1 based on steric hindrance and the arrangement of interacting ions. This is in good agreement with the Pt loading of 15.82 wt% measured by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The Pt-loaded sulfonated PS media showed an ionic conductivity of 0.32 S/cm. The in-situ metallized platinum provided a nano-sized and strongly-bound catalyst in robust porous media, which highlights its potential use in various electrochemical and catalytic systems.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2006

댐 안정성 평가를 위하여 불포화 이론을 이용한 침투해석 기법이 널리 사용되고 있으나 지반의 불포화 거동에 대한 인식 부족과 실험절차의 번거로움으로 인하여 입력 물성치에 대한 체계적인 실험과 평가가 일반화되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 지반의 불포화 수리특성은 변동성과 불확실성을 내포하고 있으며, 이는 침투수량 및 간극수압 분포 등 댐체 및 제방의 침투거동에 영향을 미친다. 본 연구에서는 댐의 심벽재료에 대한 함수특성곡선과 투수계수를 구하는 실내실험을 수행하였다. 그리고, 불포화수리특성이 댐체의 침투 거동에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위하여 입력물성의 확률론적 분포를 고려한 수치해석을 수행하였다. 해석결과 Fredlund와 Xing 함수특성곡선식과 Campbell의 투수계 수식에서 변수 a와 n은 값이 클수록, n과 p는 값이 작을수록 정상상태에서의 침투수량이 많았다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.177-182
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• 2011

이케토형 리간드는 thiophene-2-aldehyde와 acetylacetone의 Knoevenagel 축합반응을 통해 합성하였으며, 이를 이용하여 Cu(II), Ni(II) 및Co(II) 염화물의 착물을 합성하였다. 모든 착물의 특성은 다양한 물리-화학적 방법으로 규명하였다. 몰전기전도도 결과로부터 이들 착물이 이온성을 가짐을 알았다. 전자 및 EPR 스펙트럼을 통해 구리(II) 이온이 사각평면 기하구조를 가짐을 알았다. 구리(II) 착물과 CTDNA(송아지 thymus DNA)의 상호작용을 흡수 스펙트럼과 순환 전압전류법으로 연구하였다. $k_{obs}$ 대 [DNA]의 도시는 선형을 보였는데, 이는 유사-1차반응을 의미한다. 순환 전압전류 그림으로부터 구리(II) 착물이 각각 -0.240 V와 -0.194 V의 $E_{1/2}$ 값을 갖는 일전자 Cu(II)/Cu(I) 산화-환원 쌍에 대해 준가역적임을 알았다. CTDNA를 첨가한 경우, $E_{1/2}$값이 각각168 mV와 18 mV 이동하였고 Ep 값도 감소하였다. CTDNA의 존재 하에 $E_{1/2}$이 이처럼 이동하는 것은 구리(II) 착물이 CTDNA에 강하게 결합됨을 의미한다.

• 멤브레인
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.228-236
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• 2009

원자전달 라디칼 중합을 이용하여 poly(hydroxyl ethyl acrylate)-b-polystyrene-b-poIy(hydroxyl ethyl acrylate) (PHEA-b-PS-b-PHEA) 트리블록 공중합체를 합성하였다. 이렇게 합성된 PHEA-b-PS-b-PHEA블록 공중합체의 -OH 그룹과 이미다졸 디카르복실릭산(IDA)의 -COOH 그룹과의 에스테르 반응에 의하여 가교된 전해질막을 제조하였다. 인산(${H_3}{PO_4}$)을 도핑하여 이미다졸-인산 착체를 형성한 결과, 인산 함량이 증가함에 따라 고분자 전해질막의 수소 이온 전도도가 증가하였다. 특히 [HEA]:[IDA]:[${H_3}{PO_4}$]=3:4:4의 조성을 갖는 PHEA-b-PS-b-PHEA/IDA/${H_3}{PO_4}$ 고분자 전해질막은 $100^{\circ}C$의 비가습 조건에서 최대 0.01 S/cm의 수소이온 전도도를 나타내었다. 열분석 결과(TGA) 전해질막은 $350^{\circ}C$의 고온까지 열적으로 안정함을 확인하여 연료전지에 적용이 가능함을 보여주었다.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2024

최근 오일샌드와 같은 비전통에너지 개발이 활발히 이루어지고 있는 동토 지역은 지반의 유기물 함유량이 높아 일반적인 지반과 다른 열적·역학적 특성을 지니고 있다. 본 논문에서는 캐나다 앨버타주와 국내 강원도에서 채취한 동토 시료를 대상으로 다양한 실내시험을 통해 유기물 함유량이 토양의 열적 및 역학적 거동에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 유기물 함유량이 증가할수록 다짐시험에서 최대 건조단위중량은 감소하고 최적 함수비는 증가하는 경향이 나타났다. 동결 일축 압축시험에서는 동결온도가 낮아질수록 시료의 강도가 증가했으나, 모든 시료는 동결 조건에서 얼음 및 부동수분의 양에 따라 복잡한 거동을 보여 유기물 함유량이 강도에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다. 열전도도 측정시험에서는 동결 조건에서 비동결 조건보다 열전도도가 더 크게 측정되었고, 이는 물보다 얼음의 열전도도가 더 크기 때문으로 판단된다. 또한, 유기물 함유량이 증가할수록 부동 수분량도 증가하는 경향이 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 극한지 건설 프로젝트에서 지반 공학적 설계 및 시공에 중요한 엔지니어링 기초 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.110-115
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• 2009

The electrical, morphological and rheological properties of melt and dry mixed composites of poly ethylene (PE)/graphite (Gr), polypropylene (PP)/Gr and PP/nickel-coated carbon fiber (NCCF) were investigated as a function of filler type, filler content and processing temperature. The electrical conductivities of dry mixed PP/NCCF composites were increased with decreasing processing temperature. For the melt mixed PP/NCCF composites, the electrical conductivities were higher than those of the melt mixed PE/Gr and PP/Gr composites, which was attributed to the effect of the higher NCCF aspect ratio in allowing the composites to form a more conductive network in the polymer matrix than the graphite does. From the results of morphological studies, the fillers in the dry mixed PP/NCCF composites were more randomly dispersed compared to those in the melt mixed PP/NCCF composites. The increased electrical conductivities of the dry mixed composites were attributed to the more random dispersion of NCCF compared to that of the melt mixed PP/NCCF composites. The complex viscosities of the PP/Gr composites were higher than those of the PP/NCCF composites, which was attributed to the larger diameter of the graphite particles than that of the NCCF. Furthermore, the fiber orientation in the 'along the flow' direction during melt mixing was attributed to the decreased complex viscosities of the melt mixed PP/NCCF composites compared those of the melt mixed PP/Gr composites.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.1044-1050
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• 2005

The reaction of cis-[Cr([14]-decane)($OH_2)_2]^+$ ([14]-decane = rac-5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-teraazacyclotetradecane) with auxiliary ligands {$L_a$ = isothiocyanate ($NCS^-$), azide ($N3^-$) or chloroacetate(caa)} leads to a new cis-[Cr([14]-decane)($NCS)_2]ClO_4{\cdot}H_2O$ (1), cis-[Cr([14]-decane)($N_3)_2]ClO_4$ (2) or cis-[Cr([14]-decane)($caa)_2]ClO_4$ (3). These complexes have been characterized by a combination of elemental analysis, conductivity, IR and Vis spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystallography. Analysis of the crystal structure of cis-[Cr([14]-decane)($NCS)_2]ClO_4{\cdot}H_2O$ reveals that central chromium(III) has a distorted octahedral coordination environment and two $NCS^-$anions are bonded to the chromium(III) ion via the Ndonor atom in the cis positions. The angle $N_{axial}-Cr-N_{axial}$ deviates by 13$^{\circ}$ from the ideal value of 180$^{\circ}$ for a perfect octahedron. The bond angle N-Cr-N between the Cr(III) ion and the two nitrogen atoms of the isothiocyanate ligands is close to 90$^{\circ}$. The bond lengths of Cr-N between the chromium and $NCS^-$groups are 1.964(5) and 2.000(5) $\AA$. They are shorter than those between chromium and nitrogen atoms of the macrocycle. The IR spectra of 1, 2 and 3 display bands at 2073, 1344 and 1684 $cm^{-1}$ attributed to the $NCS^-$, ${N_3}^-$ and caa groups stretching vibrations, respectively.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.130-137
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• 1991

The following new cryptand 221 complexes of lanthanides(Ⅲ) and dioxouranium(Ⅵ) nitrate have been synthesized: $(Ln(C_{16}H_{32}N_2O_5)(H_2O)_2(NO_3)_3\ and \((UO_2)_2(C_{16}H_{32}N_2O_5)(H_2O)_4(NO_3)_4$. These complexes have been identified by elemental analysis, moisture titration, conductivity measurements and various spectroscopic techniques. The proton and carbon-13 NMR as well as calorimetric measurements were used to study the interaction of cryptand 221 with La(Ⅲ), Pr(Ⅲ ), Ho(Ⅲ) and $UO_2(Ⅱ)$ ions in nonaqueous solvents. The bands of metal-oxygen atoms, metal-nitrogen atoms and O-U-O in the IR spectra shift upon complexation to lower frequencies, and the vibrational spectra ({\delta}NMN$) of metal-amide complexes in the crystalline state exhibit lattice vibrations below 300 $cm^{-1}$. The NMR spectra of the lanthanides(Ⅲ) and dioxouranium(Ⅵ) nitrate complexes in nonaqueous solvents are quite different, indicating that the ligand exists in different conformation, and also the $^1H$ and $^{13}C-NMR$ studies indicated that the nitrogen atom of the ring has greater affinity to metal ions than does the oxygen atom, and the planalities of the ring are lost by complexation with metal ions. Calorimetric measurements show that cryptand 221 forms more stable complexes with $La^{3+}$ and $Pr^{3+}$ ions than with $UO^{22+}$ ion, and $La^{3+}/Pr^{3+}$ and $UO^{22+}/Pr^{3+}$ selectivity depends on the solvents. These changes on the stabilities are dependent on the basicity of the ligand and the size of the metal ions. The absorption band (230-260 nm) of the complex which arises from the direct interaction of macrocyclic donor atoms with the metal ion is due to n-{\delta}*$ transition and also that (640-675 nm) of $UO^{22+}$-cryptand 221 complex, which arises from interaction between two-dioxouranium(Ⅵ) ions in being out of cavity of the ligand ring is due to d-d* transition.