• 전기학회논문지
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• 제56권10호
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• pp.1738-1743
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• 2007

This paper addresses the bidding strategies of a pumped-storage hydro plant in an electricity market. Competitive bidding of pumping and generating of a pumped-storage plant is formulated in a game theoretic problem in accordance with the three different ownership of scheduling; Market Operator(MO), generating company(Genco), and combined type of MO and Genco. Optimal conditions for Nash Equilibrium are derived in the form of market prices during the scheduling periods. Simulation results show the different ownership models produce different schedules of pumping and generating, which correspond to the objective of the scheduling owner of a pumped-storage hydro plant.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.403-405
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• 2000

This paper presents a N-player game theory application for analyzing power transactions in a deregulated energy marketplace such as PoolCo, where, participants, especially, generating entities, maximize their net profits through optimal bidding strategies (i.e., bidding prices and bidding generations). In this paper, the electricity market for power transactions is modeled as a non-cooperative. N-player game with complete information, where the solution is determined in a continuous strategy domain having recourse to the Nash equilibrium idea.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• 제5A권2호
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• pp.193-198
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• 2005

This paper proposes a new method to handle transmission line losses using loss distribution factors (LDF) rather than marginal loss factors (MLF) in electricity market operation. Under a competitive electricity market, the bidding data are adjusted to reflect transmission line losses. To date the most proposed approach is using MLFs. The MLFs are reflected to bidding prices and market clearing price during the trading and settlement of the electricity market. In the proposed algorithm, the LDFs are reflected to bidding quantities and actual generations/ loads. Computer simulations on a 9-bus sample system will verify the effectiveness of the algorithm proposed. Moreover, the proposed approach using LDFs does not make any payments residual while the approach using MLFs induces payments residual.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.122-133
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• 2019

건설산업에 있어 입찰 경쟁력은 기업의 가장 기본적이며 중요한 역량이다. 입찰 경쟁력은 기업이 보유한 경쟁우위에 기인한 것이나, 입찰 경쟁력을 확보하기 위한 기업의 전략은 결국 프로젝트의 특성에 따라 달라질 수 있다. 특히 해외건설은 건설업의 고유성과 해외사업이라는 특수성이 공존하는 분야로, 본 연구는 국내기업들이 도급형 방식으로 실시한 12,952건의 해외 프로젝트 입찰 사례를 수집하여 프로젝트 특성에 따른 입찰 성공률을 분석하고 그 차이를 확인하여 상황별 입찰 난이도를 진단하였다. 분석 결과, 지역별로는 중동 지역에서, 공종별로는 토목 부문이 입찰 성공률이 낮아 입찰활동에 대한 난이도가 높음을 파악할 수 있었다. 또한 프로젝트 규모나 기간이 작은 그룹이 상대적으로 입찰 성공률이 높음을 확인하였고, 입찰방식에 따라서는 수의시담 방식이, 발주자 형태별로는 민간부문 발주 프로젝트의 입찰 성공률이 높은 것으로 분석됐다. 반면 계약방식이나 시대구분의 경우 Kruskal-Wallis test 결과, 그룹 간 기업별 입찰 성공률이 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 없음을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 산업차원에서 해외건설 프로젝트 특성요인에 따른 입찰 성공률을 다각적으로 분석했을 뿐 아니라 해외건설 실무자에게 상황별 수주활동 난이도 진단 및 효과적인 입찰전략 수립을 위한 기초자료를 제공한다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

• 에너지공학
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2002

수직 통합된 체제의 전력회사가 6개의 발전회사와 1개의 판매회사로 분리되고 전력거래소를 통한 전력거래가 본격화되면서 발전회사는 자체 소유 발전설비의 공급가능용량을 어떻게 활용하느냐에 따라 영업상 수익의 영향을 받게 된다. 특히, 하루 전 발표되는 한계가격(System Marginal Price, Base Load Marginal Price)에 맞도록 전력생산을 위한 발전 비용함수를 적용한다면 익일의 공급가능용량이 최적 배분됨으로써, 변동비 반영 시장(Cost based Generation Pool)과 입찰가격 반영 발전시장(Price Bidding Generation Pool)에 적용될 계통운영보조서비스의 계약 물량 산출 및 익일 생산비용의 최적화를위한 입찰전략(Bidding Strategies) 수립이 가능해 지므로 보유 설비에 대한 최적이용이 가능하게 된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 수요예측 오차와 과거 시장운영 실적을 기초로 년 간 유지보수 계획을 수립하고, 계통운영보조서비스에 대한 계약물량 산출과 개개 발전기의 비용함수 산출, 적용을 통한 발전설비의 효율적인 입찰 방안에 대해 논하고자 한다.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2003년도 학술대회지
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• pp.410-413
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• 2003

건설시장에서 경쟁력을 강화하고 국제정책에 대응하기 위하여 설계업체와 시공업체의 협력을 장려하는 설계시공 일관입찰방식이 대두되었다. 설계시공일괄입찰방식은 공기단축, 사업비 절약, 품질 향상을 위한 전도 유망한 입찰방식이지만 국내 건설산업에서는 제도의 미비, 관계자들의 경험 및 인식부족 등으로 이러한 장점을 살리지 못하고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 국내 공공공사 설계시공일괄입찰방식에서의 문제점을 사업비, 품질, 사업기간의 측면에서 분석하여 개선방안을 제안하고자 한다.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 5th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.479-487
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• 2013

State Highway Agencies (SHAs) have started utilizing cost-plus-time bidding (A+B bidding) since Federal Highway Agency (FHWA) declared it operational on May 4, 1995. Although this technique has successfully accelerated many projects by incorporating construction time in the bidding competition, a framework to illustrate the interactions of incentive/disincentive (I/D) rates on the competitiveness of contractors participating in the bid competition is yet to be developed. In a previous research, authors indicated that for each bid competition there is an efficient cap for I/D rates which are dictated by the capabilities of contractors in project acceleration. However, the results of previous study were based on the assumption that there is a statistically significant relationship between cost and time. In this study, the entire cost-plus-time projects implemented by the Oklahoma Department of Transportation (ODOT) were investigated. Then the significance of relationship between cost and time were analyzed for each contractor utilizing Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) technique, and the price-time function of each contractor was determined by regression analysis. The results of the analysis indicate that there is a significant relationship between cost and time for the majority of contractors. However, a quadratic relationship is not always significant and for some contractors a linear price-time relationship is significant. The results of this project can be used not only by ODOT to optimize the incentive/disincentive rates but also by contractors to determine the most competitive strategies of other bid participants.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.271-274
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• 2005

Under competitive power markets, various long-term and short-term contracts based on spot price are used by producers and consumers. So an accurate forecasting for spot price allow market participants to develop bidding strategies in order to maximize their benefit. Artificial Neural Network is a powerful method in forecasting problem. In this paper we used Radial Basis Function(RBF) network to forecast spot price. To learn ANN, in addition to price history, we used some other effective inputs such as load level, fuel price, generation and transmission facilities situation. Results indicate that this forecasting method is accurate and useful.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전력기술부문
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• pp.57-59
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• 2001

The restructuring of power industry is still going on all over the world for last several decades. Many kinds of restructuring model has been studied, proposed, and applied. Among those models, power pool is more popular than others. This paper assumes the power pool market structure having competitive generation sector and a new method is presented to build bidding strategy in that market. The utilities participating in the market have the perfect information on their cost and price functions, but they don't know the strategy to be chosen by others. To define one's strategy as a vector, we make utility's cost/price function into discrete step function. An utility knows only his own strategy, so he estimates the other's strategy using stochastic methods. For considering these conditions, we introduce the Bayesian rules and noncooperative game theory concepts. Also additional assumptions are included for simplification of solving process. Each utility builds the strategy to maximize his own expected profit function using noncooperative Bayesian game. A numerical example is given in case study to show essential features of this approach.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.509-516
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• 2011

This paper studies a novel method to find the profit-maximizing Nash Equilibriums in allocating generation quantities with consideration of ramp-rates under competitive market environment. Each GenCo in a market participates in a game to maximize its profit through competitions and play a game with bidding strategies. In order to find the Nash equilibriums it is necessary to search the feasible combinations of GenCos' strategies which satisfy every participant's profit and no one wants various constraints. During the procedure to find Nash equilibriums, the payoff matrix can be simplified as eliminating the dominated strategies. in each time interval. Because of the ramp-rate, generator's physically or technically limits to increase or decrease outputs in its range, it can restrict the number of bidding strategies of each generator at the next stage. So in this paper, we found the Nash Equilibriums for multi-stage generation allocation game considering the ramp-rate limits of generators. In the case studies, we analyzed the generation allocation game for a 12-hour multi-stage and compared it with the results of dynamic economic dispatch. Both of the two cases were considered generator's ramp-rate effects.