• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.235-249
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• 2006

The objective of this study was to investigate the developmental level of Rural Women Leaders Federation(RWLF) which is one of the major rural women`s association in Korea. The writers designed organization measurement tool based on the reviews on the related studies and gather data from 191 memberships of RWLF through the mail questionnaire and interviews. The major findings were as follows; First, the findings shows us this organization as transition period from identification stage to expanded growth stage in developmental stage of rural women's organizations. Second, this organization focus on share of members decision making and leadership style rather than organization`s vision, strategy or organization level. In other words, this organization focus on human relations aspect rather than internal aspect of organization system. Third, this organization has high level of social evaluation of the organization, even if it has low level of personal compensation or individua's social performance. In conclusion, as long-term view-point, it is needed to help them to promote their self-control of survival ability to improve organization's vision, strategy, differentiation for achieving organizational goals. And it also needed to prepare educational programs to increase Rural Women's leadership capability understanding of organizational characteristics and its operation abilities.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.131-142
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• 2016

Objectives : Using several waves of the Panel Study of Worker's Compensation Insurance(PSWCI), this study analyzed the effect of work hours on health and lifestyle of Korean workers in a sample from the 2013~2014 year (The first survey was completed in August-October 2013; the second survey was completed in August-October 2014). Methods : The research subjects were 1,312 men from among employees who responded to a 2013 PSWCI panel report. Statistical analyses were done with SAS version 9.3 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). Results : According to the results of the analysis, the male subjects had differences in economic activity and health conditions based on the length of working hours. There was a significant relationship among working hours and life satisfaction, and the correlation coefficients were statistically significant. The results show that workplace conditions has a direct positive effect on life satisfaction as we anticipated in the hypothesis. Conclusions : Management should focus on the factors identified in this study when developing employment interventions programs to improve the the promotion of healthy lifestyles for adults over the age of 40.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.123-135
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• 2018

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of welfare workers who are economically active as wage earners after undergoing industrial accidents on their turnover intention in terms of demographic, working environment, and health characteristics. Methods : The data were analyzed in this study with the chi-square test and logistic regression using SPSS ver. 22.0 to analyze the factors influencing the turnover intention of industrial workers(PSWCI, 2016, N=1,083). Results : Model 1 included age, education, average wage, and union, Model 2 includer the number of workers in the workplace, average number of working days, overtime, and employment status were statistically significant. Model 3 included characteristics of health, Model 4 includer education, average wage, union, average number of working days, overtime, employment status were statistically significant. Conclusions : It is necessary to develop tools, indicators, and systematic and step-by-step programs to evaluate the stable work environment in the workplace, as well as to improve workers' return to work.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.5-12
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify the relationship between low back pain and job stress in hospital nurses. Method: A descriptive correlation research design was employed. The participants were 355 nurses who worked in a general hospital in W city Kangwon-do and consented to participate in this study. The Visual Analog Scale and job stress scale were used in this study. Analysis included descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and partial correlation coefficients. Results: Experience of low back pain for nurse in the past was 86.5% and in the present was 67.5% for low back pain which measured an average of 4.4 points for the level of low back pain. The mean score for job stress was relatively low(M=47.2). Job demand, organization system, job instability and conflict in relationships contributed to high stress scores, instead inappropriate compensation, job culture, and job autonomy contributed to low stress. There was a significant relationship between low back pain and job stress. Conclusion: These results suggest that further research is needed to develop programs to prevention and management of low back pain for nurses.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 2013

Objective: Final goal of nerve advancement therapy is to provide maximum ability to function independently in life to patients. This paper appraises and describes basic concepts of the virtual reality (VR) based exercise program to improve functional movement for neurologically impaired patients. Design: Review article. Methods: Stroke patients from the physical therapy department while wearing comfortable clothing receive therapy and also VR based motion therapy administered by the therapist in charge. After evaluation of stroke patients, therapy includes an exercise program that is suitable for use with stroke patients; stroke patients wear head-mounted display while in front of the computer, where the camera is located; they follow the action on the screen and the computer perceives the operation of the stroke patients according to subject accomplishment. Results: According to obstacle condition of stroke patients using the method, which is various environments after setting, in stroke patients, there is a possibility of presenting suitable therapeutic environments. The display presentation of the method, which is identical, causes difficulty for all stroke patients. According to subject accomplishment; stroke patients result in execution of repetition training and deepening study, which leads to mobility. Conclusions: The VR based rehabilitation training programs is a difference of the existing video training program, is immediate feedback and compensation method. It will provide rehabilitation training services for the family of the patient whose condition could be improved with rehabilitative therapy where it is a continuous circumstance as a matter of the social welfare facility therapy.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• v.4A no.4
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• pp.262-267
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• 2004

With the advent of electric power systems moving from a vertically integrated structure to a deregulated environment, calculating reactive power service charges has become a new and challenging theme for market operators. This paper examines various methods for reactive power management adopted throughout various deregulated foreign and domestic markets and then proposes an innovative method to calculate reactive power service charges using a reactive power market in a wholesale electricity market. The reactive power market is operated based on bids from the generating sources and it settles on uniform prices by running the reactive OPF programs of the day-ahead electricity market. The proposed method takes into account recovering not only the costs of installed capacity but also the lost opportunity costs incurred by reducing active power output to increase reactive power production. Based on the result of the reactive OPF program, the generators that produce reactive power within the obligatory range do not make payments whereas the generators producing reactive power beyond the obligatory range receive compensation by the price determined in the market. A numerical sample study is carried out to illustrate the processes and appropriateness of the proposed method.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.159-169
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• 2003

In the 21st century, a time for smaller companies is fast approaching. A lot of people believe that the small and mid-sized companies will be a main force for industry. However, this concept could only be possible after we find some solutions for the general, labor shortage problem. Specifically, the majority of these challenges stem from improper distribution of labor within each company's divisions. These labor shortages have been influenced by a variety of exogenous (human) variables. The sources of the most serious problems come from the lack of appropriate labor and their fair wages. The work environment is also a contributing factor. These items are considered to be serious challenges to the development of smaller enterprises. The purpose of this study is to explore these difficulties. For solving the labor shortage, enterprises and government should offer employees supportive benefits. Enterprise companies should make an effort to improve their work environments. Companies should also use innovative strategies to raise labor compensation. With this in mind, smaller firms should struggle to retain their employees for an extended period of time and commit to an organizational business strategy. Governments should try to develop a higher recognition of smaller enterprises. They should create human power recruitment, development, and recourse policies as needed. Furthermore, they should manipulate existing policies to support human resource development that aids these companies to be more competitive with larger ones. Additionally, it is necessary to develop new, creative programs to help with the social recognition of smaller enterprises.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.51-62
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• 2018

Objectives : This study investigated the influences of emotional intelligence, self-leadership, and job embeddedness on the work performance of clinical nurses. Methods : A survey was conducted with 258 hospital nurses. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 23.0. Results : The mean scores were $4.64{\pm}0.6$ for emotional intelligence, $3.41{\pm}0.42$ for self-leadership, $3.11{\pm}0.52$ for job embeddedness, and $3.49{\pm}0.51$ for nursing work performance respectively. Nursing work performance was positively correlated with emotional intelligence, self-leadership, and job embeddedness. Multiple regression analysis showed that the factors affecting nursing work performance were self-expectation, fit, understanding of self-emotion, links, self-compensation, and age. Conclusions : The results indicate that self-expectation, fit, and understanding of self-emotion are very important factors in nursing work performance. Therefore, nurse managers should enhance nurses self-expectation, fit, and understanding of self-emotion by developing various emotional sensitivity and support programs.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.180-189
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• 2022

Background: Social support contributes directly and indirectly to maintaining physical, mental, and social well-being. The aim of the study was to identify the impact of social support on self-rated health among Korean industrial accident workers. Methods: This study used data from the panel study of workers' compensation insurance (PSWCI). The final subjects were 2,759 workers who responded to a 2018 to 2020 PSWCI. Social support was defined as social contact with friends, neighbors, family, and social participation activities like religious activity, social activity, and club activity. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate causal relationships between social support and self-rated health using a generalized estimating equation model. Results: Proportion of workers' good self-rated health steadily increased (2018: n=1,447, 63.2%; 2019: n=1,542, 66.2%; 2020: n=1,653, 67.3%). Higher levels of social contacts with friend (worse: reference; same: β=0.442) and higher levels of social activity (yes: reference; no: β=-0.173) were especially associated with good self-rated health. Conclusion: This study confirmed social support positively influenced self-rated health among the self-rated health of industrial injured workers. The results of this study suggested that recovery policies that the government served should include programs enhancing social support for improving health among industrial injured workers.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1994.02a
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• pp.405-411
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• 1994

Hazardous wastes released into the general environment are of concern to the public and to public health authorities. In response to this concern, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, as amended (commonly called Superfund), was enacted in 1980 to provide a framework for environmental, public health, and legal actions concerning uncontrolled releases of hazardous substances. The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) was created by Superfund to address the public health issues of hazardous wastes in the community environment. Two key Agency programs, Public Health Assessments and Toxicological Profiles, are designed to assess the risk to human health of exposures to hazardous substances that migrate from waste sites or through emergency releases (e.g., chemical spills). The Agency's public health assessment is a structured process that permits ATSDR to identify which waste sites or other point sources require traditional public health actions (e.g.. human exposure studies, health studies, registries, health surveillance, health advisories). The ATSDR qualitative public health assessment complements the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's quantitative risk assessment. For Superfund purposes, both assessments are sitespecific. ATSDR's toxicological profiles are prepared for priority hazardous substances found most frequently at Superfund sites. Each profile presents the current toxicologic and human health effects information about the substance being profiled. Each profile also contains Minimal Risk Levels (MRLs), a type of risk assessment value. This paper covers ATSDR's experience in conducting public health assessments and developing MRLs, and it relates this experience to recommendations on how to improve chemical risk assessments.