• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.85-100
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this thesis is to help the preparation of oriental medicine clinical guidelines for drawing up the standards of oriental medicine demonstration and diagnosis classification about the neck pain. Methods : Statistical analysis about Gyeonghangtong(頸項痛), Nakchim(落枕), Sagyeong(斜頸), Hanggang (項强) classified experts' opinions about neck pain patients by Delphi method is conducted by using oriental medicine diagnosis questionnaire. The result was classified by using linear discriminant analysis (LDA), diagonal linear discriminant analysis (DLDA), diagonal quadratic discriminant analysis (DQDA), K-nearest neighbor classification (KNN), classification and regression trees (CART), support vector machines (SVM). Results : The results are summarized as follows. 1. The result analyzed by using LDA has a hit rate of 84.47% in comparison with the original diagnosis. 2. High hit rate was shown when the test for three categories such as Gyeonghangtong and Hanggang category, Sagyeong caterogy and Nakchim caterogy was conducted. 3. The result analyzed by using DLDA has a hit rate of 58.25% in comparison with the original diagnosis. The result analyzed by using DQDA has a accuracy of 57.28% in comparison with the original diagnosis. 4. The result analyzed by using KNN has a hit rate of 69.90% in comparison with the original diagnosis. 5. The result analyzed by using CART has a hit rate of 69.60% in comparison with the original diagnosis. There was a hit rate of 70.87% When the test of selected 8 significant questions based on analysis of variance was performed. 6. The result analyzed by using SVM has a hit rate of 80.58% in comparison with the original diagnosis. Conclusions : Statistical analysis using oriental medicine diagnosis questionnaire on neck pain generally turned out to have a significant result.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.183-192
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• 2021

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of postural correction training on pulmonary function on 28 college students suspected of turtle neck syndrome, and the following conclusions were obtained. Methods : Turtle neck syndrome suspicion 28 person were randomly divided into a posture training group (n = 14) and group that does not perform posture training (n = 14). Respiratory function was measured by SPIROVIT SP-1 and respiratory gas analyzer. The posture training group performed balloon blowing and stair climbing after 20 minutes of posture training, and the group without posture training carried out balloon blowing training and stair climbing. Five times a week and for two weeks. Results : 1. The comparison of the FVC before and after experiments caused by balloon blowing showed a higher level of effortful pulmonary function in the control group than in the experimental group. 2. Comparison of PEFs before and after the experiment by balloon blowing showed that the experimental group's peak flow rate was higher than that of the control group. 3. Comparison of the FIVC before and after experiments with balloon blowing showed that the comparison of the FIVC showed a higher level of effortless intake pulmonary function in the control group than in the experimental group. 4. The comparison of the maximum ventilation volume(VE) before and after the experimental gas measurement showed that the maximum ventilation rate of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group. 5. The comparison of pre-test and post-test heart rate(HR) by breath gas measurement showed that the heart rate of the control group was higher than that of the experimental group. Conclusion : the results of this study showed that postural correction training, balloon blowing training, and stair climbing could have a positive impact on improving pulmonary function. However, the two-week experiment conducted five times a week showed an increase in pulmonary function, but it was difficult to see the effect due to the short study period. Therefore, it is hoped that later studies will be conducted more systematically on the effects of breathing exercises on improving pulmonary function after post-postural correction training for patients with pulmonary function problems.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.43-48
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• 2005

In order to facilitate technical exchange among nations and/or institutes through the establishment of mutual recognition and the reliability guarantee of testing results by testing standards standardization, the interlaboratory comparison tests on brake discs and linings between KRRI and CARS were conducted. So far, two ways of comparison tests were performed for a better understanding of mutual recognition and standardization in railroad brake linings between Korea and China. In this paper, the first and second comparison testing results have been summarized, and the suggestions for the future research work are also presented to encourage extensive research on comparison study of railroad brake discs and linings between KRRI and CARS. Eventually, the final goal of the current research will be the establishment of standardization of railroad testing standards.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.99-103
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• 2001

We have conducted two runs of interlaboratory comparison on Ag-sheathed Bi-2223 tapes to evaluate the level of measurement techniques for the critical current measurement. Two classes of specimens were prepared for parallel and serial routings and sent to four participating laboratories. The critical currents of specimens were measured at 77 K in zero magnetic field. In the first comparison, we used twenty different Bi-2223 tapes as specimens for comparison and participating laboratories measured the specimens using their own instruments and procedures. As a result, the scattering of data on the first comparison showed -3.0% to +l2.2% for the parallel routing and -0.7% to +l5.1% for the serial routing. Major sources of these variations were attributed to different measurement techniques. Thus, the second comparison of measurement was done on the same specimens under specified measurement conditions, particularly in terms of cooling procedure and sweep rate of the test current. The variations for the second comparison were decreased -3.1% to +3.2% far the parallel routing and -1.8% to +7.7% fur the serial routing.

• Journal of Software Engineering Society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.141-149
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• 2010

Agile development is mentioned a lot by developers these days. XP or Scrum is one of the popular development processes, and it says that unit test automation would drive an agile development successful. The success of unit test automation depends on how well to compare an execution result to its own expected result. that is why this paper focuses on the comparison part. This paper introduces how to build test codes for unit testing, and then concludes with mentioning two considerations of unit testing automation. First, test codes for void-typed methods need Mock Framework to monitor their behavior. Second, the comparison of execution results and expected results is hard to implement in case of testing void-typed methods. We check every sentences of a test path to decide if the testing is fail or pass.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.615-620
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• 2008

In engineering experiments, 'Sometimes Pooling Rules' to remove insignificant terms from the model has been implemented to increase the power of detecting the small size of main effects when the preliminary test of higher order interaction effects declare to be insignificant. In this note, we review the sometimes pooling rules in the literature and also study the probability of the length of 95% confidence interval of ${\mu}_1-{\mu}_2$ of the comparison of two independent samples being shorter than that of the paired comparison at the various level of significance ${\alpha}_1$ of the preliminary test and the insufficient number of blocks n in [2,13], given the block effects being pooled to the error term. This study supports that the sometimes pooling results in the power improvement of the main effects.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.240-245
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the blocked practice and random practice of task-oriented training in patients with chronic stroke to determine the effect of lower extremity muscle activity and balance ability. Methods: The thirty participants were randomly assigned to either the block practice group (BP) group or the random practice group (RP) and received the training three times per week, 30 minutes per day, for six weeks. Surface electromyography was used for measurement of lower extremity muscle activity. Static balance was to measured the stability index (SI) and weight distribution index (WDI) using the Tetrax. The four square step test (FSST) was used to measure dynamic balance. The paired t-test was used for determination of differences before and after intervention, and the independent t-test was used for determination of differences between groups. Results: Lower extremity muscle activity, RA and GCM was improved in the RP group after intervention and between groups. TA was significantly improved in the RP group compared with the BP group. In comparison of before and after interventions, SI was reduced in BP and RP. WDI in OS was reduced in comparison of BP and RP before and after intervention. CS was reduced in BP and RP. The OS and CS was improved in RP compared with BP. In comparison of before and after intervention, FSST was improved in BP and RP. Conclusion: Task-oriented training methods using random practice was found to be effective in promoting lower extremity muscle activity and balance ability in chronic stroke patients.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.83-88
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• 2017

This paper describes the azimuth accuracy test of phase comparison direction finding method using F-16 fighter scale-down model. When the antennas are placed on the bottom of a fighter, reflection signals caused by an aircraft structure arises and an azimuth error occurs. In this research, the F-16 fighter scale-down model was made to 5:1, and five antennas were placed on the bottom of the model, then the radio waves of emitters were received by the antennas in the $0-360^{\circ}$ azimuth angles. The accuracy test was performed by numerically analyzing the phases of the radio waves received by the five antennas. The azimuth error of the phase comparison direction finding with scale-down model was measured to be less than $0.5^{\circ}$ when the signal noise ratio was larger then 0dB, and it could be very useful for the design of the phase comparison direction finding method of the fighter.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2003.03a
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• pp.333-340
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• 2003

In Korea, drilled shaft are generally socketed into rock. Driven pile has environmental problems such as vibration and noise. Therefore, applications of the drilled shaft are increasing in Korea. In this paper, static load test data of the rock socketed drilled shaft at Gwangandaero and Suyeong 3hogyo are analyzed. The bearing capacities from field test data and theoretical formula are compared and analyzed. From this study, design approaches for drilled shafts in Korea are examined and several suggestions are proposed.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.311-317
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• 2001

It is necessary to check the linearity of selected covariates in regression diagnostics. There are various graphical methods using residual plots such as partial residual plots, augmented partial residual plots and combining conditional expectation and residual plots. In this paper, we propose the modified pseudolikelihood ratio test statistics based on these residual plots to test linearity of selected covariate. These test statistics which measure the distance between the nonparametric and parametric models are derived as a ratio of quadratic forms. The approximate distribution of these statistics is calculated numerically by using three moments. The power comparison of these statistics is given.