• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.727-747
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• 2008

In the framework of the SPEAR (Seismic PErformance Assessment and Rehabilitation) research Project, an under-designed three storey RC frame structure, designed to sustain only gravity loads, was subjected, in three different configurations 'as-built', Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) retrofitted and rehabilitated by reinforced concrete (RC) jacketing, to a series of bi-directional pseudodynamic (PsD) tests under different values of peak ground acceleration (PGA) (from a minimum of 0.20g to a maximum of 0.30g). The seismic deficiencies exhibited by the 'as-built' structure after the test at PGA level of 0.20g were confirmed by a post - test assessment of the structural seismic capacity performed by a nonlinear static pushover analysis implemented on the structure lumped plasticity model. To improve the seismic performance of the 'as-built' structure', two rehabilitation interventions by using either FRP laminates or RC jacketing were designed. Assumptions for the analytical modeling, design criteria and calculation procedures along with local and global intervention measures and their installation details are herein presented and discussed. Nonlinear static pushover analyses for the assessment of the theoretical seismic capacity of the structure in each retrofitted configuration were performed and compared with the experimental outcomes.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.12spc
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• pp.556-564
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• 2021

Numerous spatial and transform-domain-based conventional denoising algorithms struggle to keep critical and minute structural features of the image, especially at high noise levels. Although neural network approaches are effective, they are not always reliable since they demand a large quantity of training data, are computationally complicated, and take a long time to construct the model. A new framework of enhanced hybrid filtering is developed for denoising color images tainted by additive white Gaussian Noise with the goal of reducing algorithmic complexity and improving performance. In the first stage of the proposed approach, the noisy image is refined using a high-dimensional non-local means filter based on Principal Component Analysis, followed by the extraction of the method noise. The wavelet transform and SURE Shrink techniques are used to further culture this method noise. The final denoised image is created by combining the results of these two steps. Experiments were carried out on a set of standard color images corrupted by Gaussian noise with multiple standard deviations. Comparative analysis of empirical outcome indicates that the proposed method outperforms leading-edge denoising strategies in terms of consistency and performance while maintaining the visual quality. This algorithm ensures homogeneous noise reduction, which is almost independent of noise variations. The power of both the spatial and transform domains is harnessed in this multi realm consolidation technique. Rather than processing individual colors, it works directly on the multispectral image. Uses minimal resources and produces superior quality output in the optimal execution time.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.453-473
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• 2018

In this study, we analyzed the contents of speed concept presented in Korean, Japanese, Singapore, and American elementary mathematics textbooks, and drew implications for the teaching of speed concept in elementary schools. We developed a textbook analysis framework by theoretical discussions on the characteristics of the speed concept based on the proportional relationship and the previous researches on the speed in elementary mathematics. We analyzed the textbooks of four countries and drew some suggestions for improving the teaching of speed concept in Korean elementary schools.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.27-38
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• 2018

Since the Korean economic development path has been unique compared to other counties, it is necessary to build an incubation ecosystem matching with unique economic environment in Korea. In order to revive the dynamism of the economy, establishment of the incubator ecosystem should be a policy priority so that ventures with innovative ideas and challenging minds can grow into a global stage. The purpose of this study is to derive the policy implications for establishing ecosystem and infrastructure by comparing to other OECD countries such as US, Israel, Finland, and Japan that can offer meaningful policy implications to Korea. For this purpose, the most appropriate model for explaining the incubation ecosystem in Korea was designed. PCII Model (People, Capital, Incubating, Infra) has 4 elements. It provides a framework for incubation of entrepreneurship, funding for start-up, incubation course, establishment of business foundation infrastructure. The comparative analysis was conducted with 12 sub-items under 4 elements and qualitative and quantitative evaluations were performed for each category. As a result of the comparative analysis, Korea's incubation policy seems to be still in the initial stage in terms of establishment of ecosystem compared to other countries. Therefore, a systematic approach based on the ecosystem model is needed other than the short-term incubation policy.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.91-110
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• 2023

The importance of manuals is emphasized because chemical accidents require swift response and recovery, and often result in environmental pollution and casualties. In this regard, the OECD revised OECD Guidelines for the Prevention, Preparedness, and Response to Chemical Accidents (referred to as the OECD Guidelines), in June 2023. Moreover, while existing research primarily raises awareness about chemical accidents, highlighting the need for a system-wide response including laws, regulations, and manuals, it was difficult to find comparative research on the attributes of manuals. So, this paper aims to compare and analyze the second and third editions of the OECD Guidelines, in order to uncover the information attributes and implications of the revised version. Specifically, TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency) was applied to understand which keywords have become more important, and Word2Vec was applied to identify keywords that were used similarly and those that were differentiated. Lastly, a 2×2 matrix was proposed, identifying the topics within each quadrant to provide a deeper comparison of the information attributes of the OECD Guidelines. This study offers a framework to help researchers understand information attributes. From a practical perspective, it appears valuable for the revision of standard manuals by domestic government agencies and corporations related to chemistry.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.54-62
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• 2014

The Air and Space Interoperability Council (ASIC) has adopted the European Defence Agency (EDA) process for inter-regulatory military airworthiness authority recognition. However, there are gaps in the application of this process to nations outside of the European Union. This paper proposes a model that can effectively map diverse technical airworthiness regulatory frameworks. This model, referred to as the Product-Behaviour-Process (PBP) Bow-Tie model, provides the systematic structure needed to represent and compare regulatory frameworks. The PBP Bow-Tie model identifies key points of difference that need to be addressed, during inter-agency recognition between the two regulatory authorities. With the intention to adopt global use of the EDA process, the proposed PBP Bow-Tie model can be used as a basis for the successful recognition of regulatory frameworks outside of the European Union. Iris plots produced from the implementation of this model are presented, and proposed as a suitable means of illustrating the outcome of an assessment, and of supporting the comparisons of results. A comparative analysis of the Australian Defence Force and New Zealand Defence Force airworthiness regulatory frameworks is used as a case study. The case study clearly illustrates the effectiveness of the model in discerning regulatory framework differences; moreover, it has offered an opportunity to explore the limitations of the Iris plot.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.20-37
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• 2002

MnAPSO-34 and Mn-impregnated SAPO-34(Mn-SAPO-34) sample were prepared with various manganese contents and studied by electron spin resonance(ESR) and electron spin echo modulation(ESEM). Electron spin echo modulation analysis of 0.07mo1 ％ Mn(relative to p) in MnAPSO-34 with adsorbed D$_{2}$O shows two deuteriums at 0.26 nm and two at 0.36 nm from Mn. This suggests that two waters hydrate an MnO$_{4}$ configuration with a D-O bond orientation for the waters as expect for a negatively charged site at low manganese content (0.1 mol％), the ESR spectra of MnAPSO-34 and MnH-SAPO-34 exhibit the same parameters(g 2.01 and A 89 G), but the spectra obtained from MnAPSO-34 samples are better resolved. The decomposition temperature of as-synthesized MnAPSO-34 were in the range of 200-600 $^{\circ}C$ of the morpholine which is 12 $^{\circ}C$ higher than that in as-synthesized MnH-SAPO-34. Infrared spectra showed that the position of a band at 3450 $cm^{-1}$ / shifted about 15 $cm^{-1}$ / toward higher energy in MnAPSO-34 versus MnH-SAPO-34. The modulation depth of the two-pulse ESE of MnAPSO-34 with adsorbed D$_{2}$O is deeper than that of MnH-SAPO-34 with adsorbed D$_{2}$O. Three-pulse ESEM of MnAPSO-34 and MnH-SAPO-34 with adsorbed deuterium oxide shows that the local environments of manganese in the hydrated samples are different, suggesting that Mn(II) is framework substituted in MnAPSO-34 since it obviously occupies an extraframework position in MnH-SAPO-34.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.495-506
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• 2020

Monitoring of complex processes faces several challenges mainly due to the lack of relevant sensory information or insufficient elaborated decision-making strategies. These challenges motivate researchers to adopt complex data processing and analysis in order to improve the process representation. This paper presents the development and implementation of quality monitoring framework based on a model-driven approach using embedded artificial intelligence strategies. In this work, the strategies are applied to the supervision of a microfabrication process aiming at showing the great performance of the framework in a very complex system in the manufacturing sector. The procedure involves two methods for modelling a representative quality variable, such as surface roughness. Firstly, the hybrid incremental modelling strategy is applied. Secondly, a generalized fuzzy clustering c-means method is developed. Finally, a comparative study of the behavior of the two models for predicting a quality indicator, represented by surface roughness of manufactured components, is presented for specific manufacturing process. The manufactured part used in this study is a critical structural aerospace component. In addition, the validation and testing are performed at laboratory and industrial levels, demonstrating proper real-time operation for non-linear processes with relatively fast dynamics. The results of this study are very promising in terms of computational efficiency and transfer of knowledge to manufacturing industry.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.527-542
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• 2016

In the mathematics curriculum that was revised in 2009, statistical literacy is explicitly addressed as a goal and specific objectives are included. However, statistical literacy has not been addressed in the studies on KSAT. This study aimed to draw implications on how to improve KSAT in a sense that statistical literacy could be evaluated instead of testing typical facts or skills by comparing KSAT with SAT. We used mathematical problem solving process and category of context of PISA framework (OECD, 2013) to administer the comparison of KSAT and SAT. Result shows that both KSAT and SAT use various context, but items in KSAT is limited in assessing critical understanding. We suggested several ways to develop context-based items for KSAT in which statistical literacy could be assessed.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1189-1206
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• 2020

Recently, ICT companies do not directly design, develop, produce, operate, maintain, and dispose of products and services, but are outsourced or outsourced companies are increasingly in charge. Attacks arising from this are also increasing due to difficulties in managing vulnerabilities for products and services in the process of consignment and re-consignment. In order to respond to this, standards and systems for security risk management of ICT supply chain are being established and operated overseas, and various case studies are being conducted. In addition, research is being conducted to solve supply chain security problems such as Software Bill of Materials (SBOM). International standardization organizations such as ISO have also established standards and frameworks for security of ICT supply chain. In this paper, we presents ICT supply chain security management items suitable for domestic situation by comparing and analyzing ICT supply chain security standards and systems developed as international standards with major countries such as the United States and EU, and explains the necessity of cyber security framework for establishing ICT supply chain security system.