• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.2731-2737
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• 2015

Background: The majority of deaths from cancer occur in low and middle income countries, partly due to poor public awareness of the signs and symptoms of cancer. Materials and Methods: A community based survey using the Cancer Awareness Measure (CAM) questionnaire was conducted in three different communities in Oman. Omani adults aged 18 years and above were invited to participate in the study. Results: A total of 345 responded from 450 invited participants (response rate=76.7%). The majority of respondents were unable to identify the common signs and symptoms of cancer identified in the CAM (average awareness was 40.6%). The most emotional barrier to seeking help was worry about what the doctor might find (223, 64.6%); a practical barrier was too busy to make an appointment (259, 75.1%) and a service barrier was difficulty talking to the doctor (159, 46.1%). The majority of respondents (more than 60% for seven out of ten symptoms) would seek medical help in two weeks for most signs or symptoms of cancer. Females were significantly more likely than males to be embarrassed (p<0.001), scared (p=0.001), and lack confidence talking about their symptoms (p=0.022). Conclusions: Urgent strategies are needed to improve public awareness of the signs and symptoms of cancer in Oman. This might leads to earlier diagnosis, improved prognosis and reduced mortality from cancer.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.795-804
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• 2012

This study aimed to examine associations between milk intake and metabolic syndrome. The subjects included 1,928 males and 3,103 females, aged 19 to 64 years, from the data of 'The Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey 2007-2010'. Daily intake of milk and dairy products was obtained by a 24 hour dietary recall method and divided into two categories by equivalent weight of one serving. The average individual intakes of milk and dairy products were 59.4 g and 74.1 g per day respectively. Milk intake was inversely associated with metabolic syndrome (OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.54~0.89), central obesity (OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.62~0.91), and hypertriglyceridemia (OR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.59~0.90). The total intake of dairy products was also inversely associated with metabolic syndrome (OR: 0.74, 95% CI 0.60~0.92), central obesity (OR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.62~0.86), hypertension (OR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.65~0.99). The association between intakes of milk and dairy products and metabolic syndrome was significant in women, but not in men. These results indicate that increased consumption of milk and its products is associated with a reduced likelihood of metabolic syndrome and metabolic syndrome risk factors. Further research on causal relationship and dose-response association between milk intake and metabolic syndrome risk is necessary prior to applying the observed results in nutrition policies and programs to prevent the metabolic syndrome.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.97-108
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• 2017

Web 2.0 paradigm and technologies allow users to contribute their information voluntarily and actively to online community. This paper aims to investigate key determinants of information contribution in online communities. We come up with the research model and proposed hypotheses on the basis of intensive literature review on motivation theory, information literacy, and self expression. Using survey response date collected from those who have ever experienced in uploading or providing information on online community such as social media. A total of 262 survey responses were used to test research hypotheses. The results show that self expression motive influences on information representation capability(IRC) and information contribution. The impact of Information literacy on IRC is found to be significant, and IRC is positively related to information contribution. In addition, approval motive is proven to be key determinant of IRC and information contribution. Some practical implications of these findings are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.72-77
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• 2010

The objective of this study was to find out guardians' understanding on the antibiotic use for their children under elementary school age. Survey analysis was performed on 671 questionnaire response sheets from the guardians for children ($\leq$13 years old) attending daycare centers, kindergartens, or elementary schools located in eastern part and vicinity of Seoul, Korea. Result showed that majority of the guardians did not follow right direction for the use of antibiotic medications. About 80% of the guardians discontinued or reduced dosage of the antibiotic medications if symptoms relieved, and about 66% of them administered the drug always after meal although interval was not consistent. Furthermore, only one-fifth of the guardians understood right indication of antibiotic medications that it is of no use to take antibiotics for the treatment of common cold. About 65% of the guardians participated in this study responded that they received drug information for antibiotic medications from doctors or pharmacists. However, in terms of knowledge score regarding antibiotic drug use, their score was significantly lower than that of guardians who received the information from internet or mass media. This result suggests that patients counsel is not efficiently being practiced among healthcare professionals in the region surveyed in this study. Therefore, in conclusion, it appears that community pharmacists need to be more interactive in patients counsel when they dispense antibiotic medications.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.401-412
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of parents' monitoring of school lunch programs and to examine the relationship of parents' school lunch monitoring with their level of trust in school lunch programs. Methods: During November 2016, a web survey was conducted with 1,283 parents who had participated in monitoring of school lunch programs. A total of 621 parents completed the questionnaires (48.4% response rate) and the responses from 442 parents were analyzed (34.5% analysis rate) for elementary (n=196) and middle/high school parents (n=246), respectively. Results: Both the elementary and middle/high school parents most wanted to participate in monitoring 1~2 times per month, which was less frequent than their current practice. They showed the highest experience rate in 'food sanitation' area in both the prior training and actual practice of school lunch monitoring. They most responded 'increasing trust in school lunch programs' as a merit and 'lack of parents participating in monitoring' as a problem of school lunch monitoring. The average levels of trust did not differ between elementary and middle/high school parents. Multiple regression analyses showed that elementary school parents' level of satisfaction in the monitored school lunch programs was positively associated with the parents' level of trust in general school lunch programs. Monitoring frequency and parents' age, in addition to level of satisfaction in the monitored school lunch program, were associated with level of trust in general school lunch programs among middle/high school parents. Conclusions: There was room for change in parents' school lunch monitoring programs to meet parents' needs better. Well-managed school lunch monitoring programs contributing to parents' satisfaction with school lunch programs could increase parents' level of trust in school lunch programs.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.131-146
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• 2022

Logit models are commonly used to predicting and classifying categorical response variables. Most Bayesian approaches to logit models are implemented based on the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. However, the algorithm has disadvantages of slow convergence and difficulty in ensuring adequacy for the proposal distribution. Therefore, we use auxiliary mixture sampler proposed by Frühwirth-Schnatter and Frühwirth (2007) to estimate logit models. This method introduces two sequences of auxiliary latent variables to make logit models satisfy normality and linearity. As a result, the method leads that logit model can be easily implemented by Gibbs sampling. We applied the proposed method to diabetes data from the Community Health Survey (2020) of the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency and compared performance with Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. In addition, we showed that the logit model using auxiliary mixture sampling has a great classification performance comparable to that of the machine learning models.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.197-206
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• 2009

Benthic macroinvertebrate communities were collected from six different sites in the Dobong Stream in Seoul, Korea to investigate spatial and temporal changes in benthic macroinvertebrate communities in response to natural disturbances such as floods and droughts. We collected samples monthly or semimonthly with a Surber net ($30cm{\times}30cm$), and measured environmental factors, including stream temperature, discharge, width, conductivity, dissolved oxygen and pH at each sampling site. Benthic macro invertebrates were strongly affected by floods as well as droughts. In addition, benthic macroinvertebrate communities displayed different responses to the onset of the rainy season in summer 2006 and 2007, apparently due to differences in the intensity and amount of precipitation. Chironomids were particularly sensitive to heavy rain. Floods and droughts also affected the proportions of functional feeding groups during the survey period: the proportion of scrapers was high right after heavy rains, while the proportion of predators tended to increase in intermittent-type streams as the riffle zone decreased. Finally, although species richness and abundance were strongly influenced by heavy rain, they recovered to background levels for within one month, and varied consistently among stream types, indicating habitat stability.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.7-26
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the survival outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest based on the Sudden Cardiac Arrest Survey by the Korean Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 2012 to 2016. Methods: Out of 84,776 cases, 57,104 cases of cardiac arrest were analyzed. To identify the factors that affect survival outcomes after a sudden cardiac arrest (SCA), we performed a logistic regression using SPSS. We also performed a multilevel analysis using SAS to determine whether the survival outcomes were affected by the socioeconomic level and health index of the communities. Results: When SCA was witnessed by someone, the possibility of discharge with survival outcomes increased by a factor of 4.54. If CPR was administered immediately in emergency situations, this possibility further increased. When defibrillation was performed before hospitalization, the possibility was increased by a factor of 10.31. The multilevel analysis reflected the personal and regional factors that had an impact on the survival outcomes. Conclusion: Because the initial response in SCA is crucial, a community response system is essential before hospitalization. It is necessary to actively publicize and educate the people because the their understanding, sympathy, and cooperation in emergency situations play a role in determining the survival outcomes of the patients.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.555-578
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate which food items are perceived as HANSIK (Korean food) in Korea. 562 males and females aged 20-70 were surveyed on 512 most frequently consumed dish items from 4th Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey if they perceive it as HANSIK. Dish items in kimchi, namul sukchae (cooked and seasoned vegetable) and jeotgal (salt-fermented food) category showed high response rate to be perceived as HANSIK. The response rate of twigim (frying foods) as HANSIK was low showing less than 70%. The response rate as HANSIK for foreign origin foods such as ramen and jjajangmyeon (black bean paste noodle) were lower than 25%. In jang yangnyum (seasoning) category, doenjang (soybean paste) and gochujang (red pepper paste) showed high response rate as HANSIK more than 90%. Females showed a higher response rate as HANSIK than males for most food items except several items of myen mandu (noodle and dumpling). The younger age group had higher HANSIK perception on many items of recently consumed foods, especially budae-jjigae (spicy sausage stew) (p < 0.001) and jwipo-jorim (braised dried filefish) (p < 0.001), implying that they already accept the common foods as HANSIK regardless of the origin. These results provide an information on the foods perceived as HANSIK among currently consumed common foods in Korea and these results can be utilized for establishment of HANSIK concept reflecting transition of dietary life in Korea.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.40
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• pp.147-174
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• 2014

Motorcycle patrol is used for traffic control and enforcement in highly congested areas. One of the major problems with this form of patrol is that it is extremely dangerous since just about any type of accident tends to cause harm to the rider. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of police motorcycle patrol, and to suggest the methods for improving the effectiveness of police motorcycle patrol. This study conducts the survey on 139 policemen that belong to Daejeon Provincial Police Agency that had implemented motorcycle patrol. By factor analysis, the intimacy between policemen and citizens, the excellence of patrol devices, the speed of response, and the appropriacy of patrol method are grouped as the independent variables. And the dependent variable is the effectiveness of police motorcycle patrol. The results of this study demonstrates that the effectiveness of police motorcycle patrol is affected statistically by the speed of response, the appropriacy of patrol, and the intimacy between policemen and citizens. But, the intimacy between policemen and citizens affected the effectiveness negatively. Therefore, police department must make the effort for increasing the speed of response and enhancing the appropriacy of patrol. Also, police department must make patrolmen sincerely conscious of the value of police-community relation.