• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제34권11호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2018

This study examines Dalibor Vesely's theoretical proposition of communicative space and tries to develop it through a review of the contemporary architectural case. Vesely poses a critical question about communication: how do the situational conditions of our everyday life and the spatial characteristics of the natural world in which we live communicate through representation. He emphasizes the spatial and situational conditions and the role of representation in communication, arguing that architecture should create the formation of communicative space to restore its primary role as the corporeal foundation of culture. This study thus focuses on one of the critical concepts of his theory: "the communicative movement," which is, according to him, ontological and situational because it animates and transforms human circumstances as a whole. Further, it pursues some practical knowledge of creating the communicative space, by examining the design theory and practice of Zaha Hadid, who thematizes communication and movement in her architectural approach. This study analyses the different levels of representation and modes of movement in her architectural space to reveal the possibilities and limits of its communicative roles. We will find that the representation of Hadid's architectural space is not the formal representation of reality, but a mathematical and projective representation of abstract concepts. Despite its apparent aesthetic consistency, the inward and self-referential relation between the individual elements of the architectural space reveals its limit for the communicative space.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.326-341
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• 2020

본 연구는 국내 온라인 커뮤니티 이용 공중(public)이 한국과 일본의 관계 악화에 따른 민간주도의 불매운동 이슈에 대하여 그 중요성을 인식하고 관련된 커뮤니케이션 행위에 관여하는 과정을 문제해결 상황이론(Situational Theory of Problem Solving, STOPS)의 적용을 통해 분석하였다. 이를 위해 지난 2019년 7월 일본의 경제보복 성격의 수출규제 조치로 인해 촉발된 일본산 제품 불매운동을 사회적 쟁점으로 선정하여, 온라인 커뮤니티에서 활동하는 공중 524명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시했다. 연구결과, 불매운동 이슈에 대한 공중의 높은 문제인식과 준거지침은 문제해결을 위한 상황적 동기에 정(+)적 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 제약인식과 관여도는 정(+)적 영향을 주었으나 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 매개변인인 상황적 동기는 정보선별, 정보수용, 정보전달, 정보공유, 정보추구, 정보주목으로 구성된 문제해결 커뮤니케이션 행위에 모두 정(+)적 영향을 주고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 사회적 쟁점인 불매운동에 대해 중요성을 느끼고 있으며, 이에 대한 배경지식과 의지를 지닌 온라인 공중은 보다 적극적으로 문제해결을 위한 다양한 커뮤니케이션 행위에 참여함을 확인하였다. 또한 연구결과의 이론적 함의와 더불어 향후 연구의 방향성에 대해 기술하였으며, 특히 실무적으로는 정부의 공공PR 전략이 이러한 온라인 공중의 능동성과 파급력을 감안하여, 정교하게 구분된 공중의 특성에 맞는 섬세하고 효과적인 커뮤니케이션 전략을 수립-실행해야 함을 논하였다.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제59권
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• pp.92-115
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• 2012

조선 후기 대항 공론장의 특성을 분석하고자 역사적, 규범적, 분석적 차원으로 나누어 검토하였다. 그 결과, 당시 민(民)을 중심으로 형성된 대항 공론장은 반(半)봉건 반(反)외세적 성격을 띤 하부 공론장의 역할을 함을 발견하였다. 즉, 조선 후기의 대항 공론장은 당시 정치사회적 환경을 극복하고, 생존의 문제를 해결코자 한 반(半)봉건 반(反)외세적 성향이 가진 생동적인 공론장이었다. 그러나 이러한 조선 후기 대항 공론장은 지속성을 유지하지 못했다. 하지만 이후 항일운동의 발판이 되었고, 나아가서는 오늘날 민중운동의 이념적 근거가 되었다는 것에 그 의의가 있다고 할 수 있다.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2000년도 7월 학술대회지
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• pp.235-240
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• 2000

In the age of global communication, more human exchange is extended at the grass-roots level. In the old days, language policy and language planning was based on one nation-state with one language. But high waves of globalizaiton have allowed extended human flow of exchange beyond one's national border on a daily basis. Under such circumstances, homogeneity in Japan may not allow Japanese to speak and communicate only in Japanese and only with Japanese people. In Japan, an advisory report was made to the Ministry of Education in June 1996 about what education should be like in the 21st century. In this report, an introduction of English at public elementary schools was for the first time made. A basic policy of English instruction at the elementary school level was revealed. With this concept, English instruction is not required at the elementary school level but each school has their own choice of introducing English as their curriculum starting April 2002. As Baker, Colin (1996) indicates the age of three as being the threshold diving a child becoming bilingual naturally or by formal instruction. Threre is a movement towards making second language acquisition more naturalistic in an educational setting, developing communicative competence in a more or less formal way. From the lesson of the Canadian immersion success, Genesee (1987) stresses the importance of early language instruction. It is clear that from a psycho-linguistic perspective, most children acquire basic communication skills in their first language apparently effortlessly and without systematic and formal instruction during the first six or seven years of life. This innate capacity diminishes with age, thereby making language learning increasingly difficult. The author, being a returnee, experienced considerable difficulty acquiring L2, and especially achieving native-like competence. There will be many hurdles to conquer until Japanese students are able to reach at least a communicative level in English. It has been mentioned that English is not taught to clear the college entrance examination, but to communicate. However, Japanese college entrance examination still makes students focus more on the grammar-translation method. This is expected to shift to a more communication stressed approach. Japan does not have to aim at becoming an official bilingual country, but at least communicative English should be taught at every level in school Mito College is a small two-year co-ed college in Japan. Students at Mito College are basically notgood at English. It has only one department for business and economics, and English is required for all freshmen. It is necessary for me to make my classes enjoyable and attractive so that students can at least get motivated to learn English. My major target is communicative English so that students may be prepared to use English in various business settings. As an experiment to introduce more communicative English, the author has made the following syllabus design. This program aims at training students speak and enjoy English. 90-minute class (only 190-minute session per week is most common in Japanese colleges) is divided into two: The first half is to train students orally using Graded Direct Method. The latter half uses different materials each time so that students can learn and enjoy English culture and language simultaneously. There are no quizes or examinations in my one-academic year program. However, all students are required to make an original English poem by the end of the spring semester. 2-6 students work together in a group on one poem. Students coming to Mito College, Japan have one of the lowest English levels in all of Japan. However, an attached example of one poem made by a group shows that students can improve their creativity as long as they are kept encouraged. At the end of the fall semester, all students are then required individually to make a 3-minute original English speech. An example of that speech contest will be presented at the Convention in Seoul.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제1권
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• pp.56-74
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• 1998

The language of the newborn, like that of adults, is one of gesture, posture, and expression(Lewis, 1980). Helping parents understand and respond to their newborn's cues will make caring for their baby more enjoyable and may well provide the foundation for a communicative bond that will last lifetime. Infant state provides a dynamic pattern reflecting the full behavioral repertoire of the healthy infant(Brazelton, 1973, 1984). States are organized in a predictable emporal sequence and provide a basic classification of conditions that occur over and over again(Wolff, 1987). They are recognized by characteristic behavioral patterns, physiological changes, and infants' level of responsiveness. Most inportantly, however, states provide caregivers a framework for observing and understanding infants' behavior. When parents know how to determine whether their infant is sleep, awake, or drowsy, and they know the implications, recognition of states has for both the infant's behavior and for their caregiving, then a lot of hings about taking care of a newborn become much easier and more rewarding. Most parents have the skills and desire to do what is best for their infant. The skills 7373parents bring to the interaction are: the ability to read their infant's cues: to stimulate the baby through touch, movement, talking, and looking at: and to respond in a contingent manner to the infant's signals. Among the crucial skills infants bring to the interaction are perceptual abilities: hearing and seeing, the capacity to look at another for a period of time, the ability to smile, be consoled, adapt their body to holding or movement, and be regular and predictable in responding. Research demonstrates that the absence of these skills by either partner adversely affects parent-infant interaction and later development. Observing early parent-infant interactions during the hospital stay is important in order to identify parent-infant pairs in need of continued monitoring(Barnard, et al., 1989).

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제16호
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• pp.41-69
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• 2013

The inauguration of the collective Reality and Utterance (Hy$\breve{o}$nsil kwa Par$\breve{o}$n) in 1979 and 1980 marked a watershed moment in Korean art. This is not only because the collective gave birth to the politically-engaged art movement that would come to be labeled "Minjung Art" by the middle of the 80s, but also because it enthusiastically embraced a wide range of images from the urban culture. With a special focus on the members' early work, my research explores an issue largely neglected in the dominant narrative of Minjung art as a form of activism against the authoritarian Korean government during the 80s. The issue is what was at stake in Reality and Utterance's exploration of contemporary urban visual culture. The aim of this essay is to recognize the engagement with the urban visual culture as central to the group's early project and to consider it at some distance from the anti-urban and anti-mass culture perspective which was endorsed by the Minjung narrative. Focusing on members' turn to urban visual culture, this essay instead argues that this turn was by no means merely a means to making art as social critique, but more importantly, it was an experiment with the shared image world, as opposed to the rarefied visual vocabularies of abstract modernism. Visual productions such as advertisements, billboards, posters, and kitsch paintings, which come from outside the narrow confines of fine art, were definitely ominous signs of the colonization of everyday life in the capitalist city, but at the same time they were anticipated to be a catalyst for redefining Korean art in a more communicative, accessible, and democratized way. In this regard, in the early 1980s-in particular 1980 and 1982-the members' gesture oscillated between critique and embrace, which allowed the group to occupy a unique domain in the realm of Korean art production.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제46권
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• pp.465-495
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 프랑스어 문화 교육의 관점에서 '시간'의 문화적 특성에 대하여 살펴보았다. 해가 뜨고 지는 자연의 흐름과 시계의 초침이나 달력의 날짜가 '시간'인 듯 간주되지만 엄밀히 말해 일상생활 속에서 우리는 개인이 어떻게 시간을 경험하는지 설명하기는 매우 어렵다. 하물며 외국 문화에 속한 외국인의 일상 의사소통 상황별 시간의 경험을 이해한다는 것은 한국에서 외국어를 배우는 학습자에게는 매우 어려운 목표이다. 문화 인류학자 에드워드 홀에 따르면 각 문화 공동체는 서로 다른 시간 경험을 발전시켜 왔으며, 시간은 공간이나 제스처나 시선, 얼굴 표정과 같이 비언어적 의사소통의 메시지를 전달한다. 본 연구에서는 프랑스와 한국의 술자리 모임의 시간 경험에 대하여 문화 상대주의적인 관점에서 비교하고 살펴보면서, 술 모임의 양태들이 한국과 프랑스의 문화적 특성과 관련하여 어떠한 특성을 나타내는지 분석하였다. 술 모임이란 주제는 일상생활과 관련이 높은 주제이고 인간관계를 맺는 방식과 두 문화의 의사소통 방식을 압축하여 드러낸다는 점에서 선정되었다. 본 연구에서는 특히 집단과 개인의 관계, 여가 시간과 노동 시간을 분리하는 양태와 비언어적 의사소통의 양식 등이 프랑스와 한국 문화의 특성에 따라 술 모임에서 어떻게 다르게 드러나는지 분석하면서 한국 대학의 프랑스어 문화교육을 위한 새로운 방향을 모색하였다.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.111-122
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• 2019

많은 현대인들에게 전통예술은 상당히 오래전 사람들의 삶의 모습으로 인식되는 경우가 많다. 그러나 실제 우리의 전통예술은 짧게는 한 세대나 두 세대, 혹은 채 100년도 되지 않던 시기에 선대로부터 전승되던 예술이며 삶의 모습이다. 그러나 현대의 변화되는 사회적 가치관에 따라 전통예술은 그 고유의 기능과 의미가 변화되거나 소멸되는 경우가 많다. 4차 산업혁명의 도래는 문명적 편리함을 제공하는 반면 인문학적 생태환경은 위기에 처해 있다. 따라서 우리의 문화예술 생태기반을 살펴보는 것은 궁극적으로 미래의 풍요로운 삶을 준비하기 위해서이다. 따라서 바람직한 문화생태계를 구축하는 것은 전통예술을 올곧게 전승하는 것에서부터 시작된다. 본 연구는 농사풀이농악의 연행형태를 유지하는 갑비고차농악의 춤 특성을 살펴보았다. 두 차례에 걸친 현장연구와 영상분석연구를 통해 갑비고차농악이 마을 공동체 구성원의 연대와 협력을 강화하고, 공동체의 정체성을 공유하는 전통적인 농악의 특성을 잘 유지하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 갑비고차농악은 순리에 입각한 역학적인 춤동작, 최소한의 동작구로 이루어진 모방적 춤동작, 반복적 춤동작, 소통적 춤동작을 통해 마을 공동체의 구성원들의 참여를 독려하고, 점층적인 추진력을 통한 구성의 변화로써 구성원 간의 신바람을 이끌어내고 있었다. 갑비고차농악은 세련되거나 정교하지는 않았지만 문명의 신속함과 편리함으로부터 느림의 미학과 여백의 미학을 생성하여 따뜻한 감성으로 공동체 구성원 간의 조화를 이끌어낼 수 있는 춤의 구조를 갖고 있었다. 이러한 춤의 구조는 경향류의 춤의 전형을 구축하는데 매우 중요한 논의가 될 것이다. 추후의 논의를 통해 전통 춤의 보편적이고 개별적인 전형을 세우는 데 학술적 노력을 계속해야 할 것이다.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제8호
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• pp.59-87
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• 2009

This thesis started from the attempt to make it clear that 80's American artist Keith Haring(1958-1990) had conducted social intervention of criticism, resistance, and participation through his works, and so pursued public value. Haring of graffiti fame left popular and familiar cartoon style pictures on the street wall, the billboards, the posters and so on. Popular and playful works was explained as his unique characteristics, but Haring's creative way at the field has more value than just being grasped as artist's personal characteristics. Haring's work pieces became everyday art by joining with people's life, and are working as a social speaking place. So I think that these Haring's art works possess characteristics of 'the public sphere'. 'The Public Sphere' means that is independent and free from the government or partisan economic forces, so that is not connected with the interested relations, and that is the sphere of rational argumentation without 'disguise' or 'fabrication', and that is the sphere where general public can participate in and is inspected by them. The public sphere between the sphere of public authority such a nation and a market and the private sphere of free individual, it is mutually connected with them and works as the space forming public opinion. Private individuals communicate with this public sphere and perform a role of direct and indirect check, balance, and social criticism way off from power. Openness that should include the voice of not only leading power but also the socially weak such as citizens, women, homosexuals, minority races, and so on, and alienated class, is an index of the public characteristics. The public sphere is not working just with speech and mass media. Many artists as well as Haring open their mouth and act through an art at the center of society, and create another public sphere by an art. I understood that the real participatory and practical characteristics on the Haring's work is a phenomenon and current of a part of the art world including Haring. Such current started from 1960s is the in-depth effort to be connected with the life more closely, to communicate with people, and to improve problems of life. And it has pursued public value on the different way from the nation or public power. Artists have intervened in the society with strategic and positive ways in order to raise pushed-out value and sinked rights as the public agenda, and labored to accept the value of variety and difference at the society. The aspect of such social intervention is the notable features, findable on the Haring's works and process. Haring's works include art historical meanings and are expressed with familiar and plastic language, so they were able to communicate with various classes. And he secured various customers at the field and the street. This communicative and public approach factor raised the possibility much for his works to work as the public sphere. Haring presented critical and resistant speech toward society with his works based on this factor. He asserted his position and justice of gender identity as a sexual minority. And his such work continued to movement for alienated class and social week over his own rights. His speech and message on the wall painting, poster, T-shirts, billboard of the subway, and so on worked as a spectacle and pressed concern with social issues and consciousness shift. And he's been trying to protect and care people who is injured by HIV and drug and to realize social justice through social week protection. Haring's works planned to meet many people as much as possible performed its role of intervening in society through criticism, resistance, speech, and participation, and controlling and checking social issues. These things considered, Haring's works show his consciousness about public attributes of art, and obviously include public value seeking. And also we can find the meaning of such his work as that an art is working as the public sphere and shows the possibility to discuss and practice public issues.