• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.91-99
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• 2010

There is a commonality between Frank Lloyd Wright and Charles Rennie Mackintosh in that they created the new patterns of geometric Art Nouveau from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This study compares the furniture of Wright and Mackintosh who had significant impacts on the development of modern design for each of the periods divided by their design feature to find the individualities and similarities of their design. It is an analytical approach with an accurate understanding of the design trends of the Art Nouveau era. The results of the furniture comparison are as follows: The finding is that Wright and Mackintosh designed creative furniture in harmony with a specific indoor space, Organic design was well expressed through the selection and use of wooden materials, Based on the understanding of tree characteristics, they did not use detailed decorations, but designed the simple and rigorous forms of furniture with highlighted interest in geometry. As for shape, Wright's furniture in his early days tend to be look largely formal and heavy. Since his debut in Japan in 1905, the furniture design became very sophisticated. On the other hand, Mackintosh's chairs are characterized by plenty of geometric patterns and long back. In many cases, his chairs were designed as part of formative elements in space, not for the purpose of furniture itself. As for materials and colors, Wright used mainly cherry wood. And he also utilized metals colored in olive green, red-brown and others for office furniture. The frames, fabrics and leather used for most of the furniture have natural colors, which are harmonious with spaces. Meantime, Mackintosh used primarily oak and ash trees. He used seat cushions and various colors to make the design of furniture have a sophisticated and simple image. The materials used for seat panel are horsehair, rush, silk and leather. He applied these materials to the furniture by weaving or cutting them.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.14A no.7
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• pp.399-408
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• 2007

Currently various techniques for efficiently developing sensor network applications are developed. However, these techniques provide the method for developing only single sensor network application easily and rapidly. Since sensor network applications control various sensor nodes based on core components of operating system, the technique to develop applications by defining common functionalities of various applications and selecting variable functionalities according to the work flow of specific application is efficient. Accordingly, this paper presents an experimental study that identifies commonality of sensor network application domain and supports optional development according to the variability of application by applying product line approach to developing sensor network application. Through the experimental study, we describe the characteristics of sensor network application domain compared with general business domain for product line development. Also, we show the effectiveness of the proposed approach by presenting that core assets designed using the proposed variability feature model and VEADL are reused according to the functionalities of each sensor node.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.664-669
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• 2014

As the prevalence of cloud computing increases, various cloud service types have emerged, such as IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS. The growth and diversification of these cloud services has also resulted in the development of technology for cloud service brokers (CSBs), which serve as intermediate cloud services that can assist cloud tenants (users) in deploying services that fit their requirements. In order to broker cloud services, CSBs require the specification of structural models in order to facilitate the analysis and search for cloud services. In this study, we propose a variability-based service analysis model (SAM) that can be used to describe various cloud services. This model is based on the concept of variability in the software product line and represents the commonality and variability of cloud services by binding variants to each variation point that exists in the specification, quality, and pricing of the services. We also propose a virtual cloud bank architecture as a CSB that serves as an intermediate to provides tenants with appropriate cloud services based on the SAM.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.150-152
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• 2006

The DISCOVER Project (${\underline{D}}istributed$ ${\underline{I}}nformation$ ${\underline{S}}ervices$ for ${\underline{C}}limate$ and ${\underline{O}}cean$ products and ${\underline{V}}isualizations$ for ${\underline{E}}arth$ ${\underline{R}}esearch$) is a NASA funded Earth Science REASoN project that strives to provide highly accurate, carefully calibrated, long-term climate data records and near-real-time ocean products suitable for the most demanding Earth research applications via easy-to-use display and data access tools. A key element of DISCOVER is the merging of data from the multiple sensors on multiple platforms into geophysical data sets consistent in both time and space. The project is a follow-on to the SSM/I Pathfinder and Passive Microwave ESIP projects which pioneered the simultaneous retrieval of sea surface temperature, surface wind speed, columnar water vapor, cloud liquid water content, and rain rate from SSM/I and TMI observations. The ocean products available through DISCOVER are derived from multi-sensor observations combined into daily products and a consistent multi-decadal climate time series. The DISCOVER team has a strong track record in identifying and removing unexpected sources of systematic error in radiometric measurements, including misspecification of SSM/I pointing geometry, the slightly emissive TMI antenna, and problems with the hot calibration source on AMSR-E. This in-depth experience with inter-calibration is absolutely essential for achieving our objective of merging multi-sensor observations into consistent data sets. Extreme care in satellite inter-calibration and commonality of geophysical algorithms is applied to all sensors. This presentation will introduce the DISCOVER products currently available from the web site, http://www.discover-earth.org and provide examples of the scientific application of both the diurnally corrected optimally interpolated global sea surface temperature product and the 4x-daily global microwave water vapor product.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.323-334
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to measure person-centered critical care nursing and verify its reliability and validity. Methods: A total of 38 preliminary items on person-centered critical care nursing were selected using content validity analysis of and expert opinion on 72 candidate items derived through literature review and qualitative interviews. We conducted a questionnaire survey with 477 nurses who worked in intensive care units. The collected data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmative factor analysis (CFA) with SPSS and AMOS 24.0 program. Results: EFA was performed with principal axis factor analysis and Varimax rotation. The 15 items in 4 factors that accounted for 50.8% of the total variance were identified by deleting the items that were not meet the condition that the commonality should be .30 or more and the factor loading over .40. We named the factors as compassion, individuality, respect, and comfort, respectively. The correlation coefficient between this scale and the Caring Perception Scale was r=.57 (p<.001), which determined concurrent validity. The item-total correlation values ranged from .39 to .63, and the internal consistency for the scale was Cronbach's ${\alpha}=.84$. Conclusion: The reliability and validity of the 15 item person-centered critical care nursing scale were verified. It is expected that the use of this scale would expand person-centered care in critical care nursing.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.115-120
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• 2014

Many product line engineering methods use the feature model to structure commonality and variability among products in terms of features and to derive a product feature configuration, which is the set of features required for the development of a product. Features to be selected during product derivation are mainly determined based on the quality attributes required for a product. Most methods published so far derived an optimal product feature configuration through linear co-relationship between features and quality attributes. However, the co-relationship between features and quality attributes can be formulated as a non-linear function because of feature interactions. This paper proposes a method that derives an optimal product feature configuration considering feature interactions. Four product line cases are used to validate the proposed methods.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.222-235
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• 2008

The study analyzed 343 government-authorized and officially approved textbooks of the Seventh Curriculum's specialized subjects in high school from March to September, 2007. The textbooks were categorized into the area of agriculture, industry, commerce, household and business, science, foreign languages and physical exercise and analyzed in terms of the target and content areas of marine education. And the findings were as follows: First, among the textbooks in the seven groups serving as the focus of this study, 19.8% have oceanic-related information but pages including ocean contents occupy only 0.8%. Consequently ocean-related contents are scarcely included. The ocean-related contents are necessary to be treated goals. Second, the goals of school oceanic education are focused in vocational subjects. In order of commonality, information & knowledge are most frequent, then functionality, followed by activity & participation. There was no education provided focusing on value & attitude. Given that school oceanic educations were selected for promoting the importance of the ocean and highlighting the problems of the ocean, the lack of information & knowledge is of concern. The goals of oceanic education should be augmented to actively and positively participate in the solutions of the problems with knowledge, ocean-friendly value & attitude, and increased activity & participation. Third, the contents of school oceanic education commonly focuses on the relationships of oceans and humans, oceans and ecology, and artificial oceanic environments and facilities. Less common but still introduced are ocean resources, sea pollution, sea preservation and measures. Yet, in contrast there is a lack of education in the ethics of sea preservation.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.419-444
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• 2005

As a theoretical background for this research, the literatures which focus on teaching and loaming of connecting with mathematics and science were investigated. And the rationale of integrated curriculum on the basis of the 7th mathematics curriculum and the goal of mathematics education and the forms of integrated curriculum and the integrated curriculum in foreign school were investigated. Depending on this review, the implement method of the integrated curriculum of mathematics and science in Korea school is suggested as the following: It requires designing inter-disciplinary into-grated problem or various teaching and learning materials which are based upon concept, skill, and principle by commonality found across the subject matter. Based on the analyses upon described above, three inter-disciplinary integrated teaching and learning materials were developed. And then, based on the case stud)', the research questions were analyzed in depth. Students could understand the developing process of linear function, develop the formula and grape representing the relationship between time and velocity, time and distance, and interpret realistic meaning of the slope.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2018

The current research investigates an optimal design for the service system, which refers to the entire process of implementing, providing, and utilizing wisdom assets. We analyzed the intrinsic commonality of wisdom assets and services, and carried out research based on optimality in fidelity to service essence. The essential characteristics of service are horizontality, interactivity, harmonization, and relationship. It is suggested that the operating process can be implemented in the best condition when the wisdom asset service system is designed based on the four essential characteristics of services. It has been demonstrated that the entire process of production, delivery, marketing and quality control of wisdom contents can be designed on the basis of the essence of wisdom and service. After designing a basic service model, detailed service models are presented. The purpose of this study was to solve the problems of the material civilization society which is suffering mentally and to design the social service model which is high in productivity but mentally healthy. By supplementing and deepening the results of this study, it will be possible to develop and implement desirable social service model in which all societies live a happy life.

• Journal of Software Engineering Society
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.1-6
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• 2020

Software product line development is a development paradigm that efficiently develops a product family by avoiding redundant development based on separation of the common part and the variable part of the product family. In software product line development, the source code that is used to produce a product family is called a product line code base, and when the product line code base is changed and the products of the product family are affected by the change, the activity of testing the affected products is called a product line regression testing. For product line regression testing, instead of conducting regression testing individually on each product of the product family, a more efficient regression testing would be possible if unnecessary testing that are irrelevant to the change can be avoided. This paper introduces SRTS, which is an automated method to efficiently perform software product line regression testing. SRTS divides the product line code base and test cases based on commonality and variability. Then SRTS identifies and selects the test cases affected by the change. Finally, it reduces unnecessary testing by rerunning only the selected test cases.