• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.839-848
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• 2015

This study examined the optimal salting drying method and processing conditions (salt concentration, curing time, dry temperature, and drying time) for preparing salted semi-dried common gray mullet (SSD-CGM) Mugil cephalus based on the moisture content, salinity, and overall acceptance using response surface methodology (RSM). The moisture content, salinity, and overall acceptance of SSD-CGM prepared with different salting methods revealed that dry salting was the optimal salting method for preparing high-quality SSD-CGM. The optimal drying method for preparing high-quality SSD-CGM based on the drying velocity and sensory color was hot air-blast drying. The results of the RSM program indicated that the optimal independent variables ($X_1$, salt concentration; $X_2$, curing time; $X_3$, dry temperature; $X_4$, drying time) based on the dependent variables ($Y_1$, moisture content; $Y_2$, salinity; $Y_3$, overall acceptance) for high-quality SSD-CGM were 5.6% for $X_1$, 2.7 h for $X_2$, $47.0^{\circ}C$ for $X_3$, and 8.5 h for $X_4$ for uncoded values. The predicted values of $Y_1$, $Y_2$, and $Y_3$ for SSD-CGM prepared under optimal conditions were 54.4%, 4.2%, and 6.3, respectively, while the experimental values were $55.2{\pm}1.0%$, $4.1{\pm}0.3%$ and $6.7{\pm}0.8$. The actual and predicted values did not differ.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제11D권4호
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• pp.775-782
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• 2004

최근 글로벌 기업들은 조직들이 지역적으로 분산되어 있고, 분산된 조직들로 인하여 정보시스템들도 분산되어 있다. 이러한 정보시스템의 중심이 되는 데이터베이스도 분산되어 있어, 다양한 사용자 응용 프로그램을 위한 공통된 뷰(view)의 제공 및 효과적인 관리가 어렵다. 이것을 해결하기 위한 개념이 MDBS이고, 이것을 효과적으로 구축하기 위한 방안이 스키마 통합이다. 본 논문에서는 공통 유사 서브스키마 추출을 통한 스키마 통합 방법론을 제시한다. 본 방법론은 분석 대상 스키마에 대하여 친밀도 분석, 유사 서브스키마 추출, 통합순서 결정, 의리충돌 해결, 그리고 스키마 통합 순서로 구성되어 있다. 방법론의 유용성을 검증하기 위하여, MDBS를 대상으로 사례분석을 수행하였다. 분석 결과, 본 논문의 방법론이 공통 유사 서브스키마의 추출 및 스키마 통합에 유용하게 적용될 수 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2002

This paper presents the process of the needle lift estimation ova common-rail injector fur HSDI(High Speed Direct Injection) diesel engines. A nonlinear mathematical model of dynamic behaviors of common-rail injector is established at first. Based on the mathematical model of the common-rail injector, the methodology of estimating the injector needle lift is introduced. A sliding mode observer is applied to overcome the model uncertainties. The common-rail injector model and the needle lift estimator are verified by simulations and experiments. The simulation and experimental results indicate that the model outputs are in a good agreement with experimental data, and the proposed nonlinear sliding observer can effectively estimate the needle lift.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2003

The common-rail fuel injection system is becoming a common technology for High Speed Direct Injection(HSDI) diesel engines. The injection timing and rate are important factors for combustion control and pollutants formation mechanisms during engine operation. This paper introduces an estimation methodology of the injection timing and rate of a common-rail injector for HSDI diesel engines. A sliding mode observer that is based on the nonlinear mathematical model of the common-rail injector is designed to overcome the model uncertainties. The injector model and the estimator we verified by relevant injection experiments in an injector test bench. The simulation and the experimental results show that the proposed sliding mode observer can effectively estimate the injection rate of the common-rail injector.

• 한국국방경영분석학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.130-143
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• 1999

Lesson learned from the Gulf War, Information systems should be interoperable and integrated for taking information superiority. But most of Information systems that have been developed and operated by military departments are stove-pipe systems that are built over and over again incompatible ways even when requirements are the same, or slightly difference between systems. As a results of this development way, those systems have poor interoperability and portability. But, If some common functions could be extracted, developed as a set of extensible building blocks, the software for common functions could be reusable. Therefore interoperability would be improved because common software is used across systems for common functions. This concept led the development of COE(Common Operating Environment). US and UK COE have been developed and being implemented for the purpose of achieving above goals. Recently Korean Military try to develop the architecture of COE, but it is not easy because of the lack of COE concept, COE development methodology as well as expert In this paper we suggest Korean Common Operating Environment Implementing Strategy based on analysis of US and UK COE that have being implemented to their military systems.

• 경영과학
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.49-73
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• 1996

Common problems have been observed in the existing Information Requirements Analysis (IRA) methodologies such as BSP(IBM), CSF(Rockart), or ISP(Information Engineering), etc. These methodologies require too much time and human resources for the IRA process, involves high complexity, and their IRA outcomes are frequently biased by the subjective views of the people involved. In this paper, we introduce a new methodology for the enterprise wide information requirements analysis utilizing templates and nine closed-ended questions. Extending the BIAIT(Business Information Analysis and Integration Technique) method, this methodology presents nine question about each firm's order type(7Q's for customer side and 2Q's for supplier side) to derive information processing characteristics of the firms. As the central component of this methodology, data and process templates for the manufacturing industry were established. To validate the methodology, suitability of the data and process templates were examined through six real world business cases.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.311-318
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• 2009

In previous study, a new allocation methodology of common cost on multi-product have been suggested. The aim of this study is to suggest the methodology that allocates an environment pollution cost including carbon emission cost to each cost of multi-product. For this study, a supposed multi-energy system composed of twenty kinds of systems was made. The multi-energy system produces eighteen kinds of outputs that are electricity, steam, hot water, chilled water, ice, warm air, and cooling air from seven kinds of energy source that are LNG, coil, geothermal energy, sun heat, hydrogen, bio-mass, and waste. The new methodology was applied to the multi-energy system in order to allocate the environment pollution cost to each production cost, and twenty seven equations were induced. From this result, it is concluded that this methodology can estimate each unit cost and allocate each cost flow in any product of any energy system.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.624-630
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• 2008

When various kinds of outputs are produced from a single energy system, the methodology which allocates the common cost to each output cost is very important because it is directly related with the profit and loss of producers and purchasers. In the cost allocation methodology of the heat and the electricity on a cogeneration, there are energy method, work method, proportional method, benefit distribution method, exergetic methods, and so on. On the other hand, we have proposed a worth method which can be applied to any system. The definition of this methodology is that the unit cost of a product is proportion to the worth. Where, worth is a certain evaluating basis that can equalize the worth of products. In this study, we applied worth method to a steam-turbine cogeneration which produces 22.2 MW of electricity and 44.4 Gcal/h of heat, and then we allocated 2,578 $/h of common cost to electricity cost and heat cost. Also, we compared with various cost allocation methods. As the result, we conclude that exergy of various kinds of worth basis evaluates the worth of heat and electricity most reasonably on this system.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권10호
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• pp.2238-2249
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• 2020

In a seismic PSA, dependency among seismic failures of components has not been explicitly modeled in the fault tree or event tree. This dependency is separately identified and assigned with numbers that range from zero to unity that reflect the level of the mutual correlation among seismic failures. Because of complexity and difficulty in calculating combination probabilities of correlated seismic failures in complex seismic event tree and fault tree, there has been a great need of development to explicitly model seismic correlation in terms of seismic common cause failures (CCFs). If seismic correlations are converted into seismic CCFs, it is possible to calculate an accurate value of a top event probability or frequency of a complex seismic fault tree by using the same procedure as for internal, fire, and flooding PSA. This study first proposes a methodology to explicitly model seismic dependency by converting correlated seismic failures into seismic CCFs. As a result, this methodology will allow systems analysts to quantify seismic risk as what they have done with the CCF method in internal, fire, and flooding PSA.

• 한국국방경영분석학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.95-111
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• 2010

NCO(Network Centric Operation) 효과분석과 관련된 요소 및 이들 간 관계는 PCO(Platform Centric Operation)의 그것과 비교하여 복잡하다. 그러나 기존 효과분석모델은 단위 효과요소관점의 효과분석방법을 제시하여, 복잡한 NCO의 효과분석을 위해서는 엔터프라이즈 관점의 통합된 효과분석과 공통언어로 활용 가능한 효과분석모델 개발이 시급한 상태다. EA(Enterprise Architecture)는 공통언어 가능의 참조모델과 이에 순응하는 적용모델 개념을 도입하여 엔터프라이즈의 변화와 복잡도를 관리한다. 본 연구는 EA의 특성인 참조 및 적용모델 개념을 도입한 '참조모델기반 NCO 효과분석모델 개발방법'을 제시한다. 이를 위해 첫째 참조 및 적용모델 개념을 가진 EA를 연구하며, 둘째, NCO 및 C2 효과분석 절차 몇 모델 분석과 모델 구성요소 식별과 관계설정을 위한 방법을 연구하며, 셋째, 연구된 내용을 바탕으로 참조모델기반 NCO 효과분석모델 개발방법을 제시하고, 마지막으로 제시된 방법에 따라 사례를 개발하여 제시한 방법의 효과성을 입증한다.