• Plant Resources
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.275-280
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• 2005

Tissue culture systems to optimize regeneration plant species of Ocimum spp were evaluated as a method to micropropagate individual plants and to better study their biology in vitro. Ocimum species were also evaluated for the production of natural plant products during and following the regeneration process. The primary goal of this project was to enhance the regeneration efficiency of basil. Several factors were examined using different Ocimum species and commercial varieties. The effect of cytokinin combination, activated charcoal, gelling agents, and different carbon sources were investigated. Anthocyanin callus spots were produced only in four varieties among six tested. 'Sweet Dani' showed the best results on anthocyanin accumulation, while 'African beauty', 'Tree basil' and 'Methylcinnamate' produced only a few spots. Shoot regeneration was only achieved from 'Sweet Dani' explants. As the activated charcoal concentration increased, callus formation rate decreased respectively compare to the controls for all varieties. There was a decrease in callus growth with increasing concentration of agar and phytagel.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.1081-1092
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• 2008

This study was conducted to provide scientific information for establishing efficient and systematic measures for nature conservation and management in Manjang-gul lava tube. The number of vascular plants was 204 taxa (82 families, 176 genera, 144 species, 1 subspecies, 26 varieties and 1 forma). Of those, pteridophyte were 5 families, 12 genera, 14 species and 1 variety and gymnosperm were 4 families, 6 genera, 5 species and 1 variety. Seventy three families, 149 genera, 157 species, 1 subspecies, 24 varieties and 1 forma in angiosperm composed of 62 families, 123 genera, 137 species, 1 subspecies, 17 varieties and 1 forma in dicotyledon and 11 families, 26 genera, 20 species and 7 varieties in monocotyledon. The number of naturalized plants was 9 families, 17 genera, 18 species and 3 varieties, totaling 21 taxa.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.239-246
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• 2014

같은 속의 복숭아순나방(Grapholita molesta)과 복숭아순나방붙이(G. dimorpha)는 기주범위와 야외에서의 성충 발생 양상이 유사하다. 또한 두 종은 성페로몬 성분으로 cis-8-dodecenyl acetate (Z8-12:Ac)와 trans-8-dodenceyl acetate (E8-12:Ac)을 공통으로 사용하고 있는데, 이 두 성분으로 구성된 상용 성페로몬 유인제에 두 종이 혼합되어 유인된다. 본 연구는 복숭아순나방붙이 트랩에 복숭아순나방이 혼합유인되는 현상을 줄이기 위해 성페로몬 미량성분의 효과를 분석했다. 복숭아순나방붙이 성페로몬인 Z8-12:Ac/E8-12:Ac = 85/15에 cis-8-tetradecenyl acetate(Z8-14:Ac)를 첨가했을 때, 복숭아순나방붙이의 유인은 유지되면서 복숭아순나방의 유인은 유의하게 억제되었다. Dodecyl acetate (12:Ac)와 tetradecyl acetate (14:Ac)의 첨가는 두 종의 유인력에 영향을 주지 않았다. 한편 Z8-12:Ac/E8-12:Ac/Z8-14:Ac = 85/15/10의 세 성분 성페로몬에 trans-8-tetradecenyl acetate (E8-14:Ac)를 첨가했을 때, 복숭아순나방붙이의 유인이 오히려 유의하게 억제되었다. 이상의 결과로부터 Z8-12:Ac/E8-12:Ac/Z8-14:Ac = 85/15/10의 조성이 개선된 복숭아순나방붙이의 성페로몬으로 제시되었다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2003

국내 유통균주에 대한 Phellinus속의 분류체계를 확립하고 종간구별을 위한 신속동정법을 개발하기 위해 계통학적 정보를 지니고 있는 ITS1, 5.8S rRNA및 ITS2부위의 염기서열을 밝히고 ITS1과 ITS2 부위의 다양한 염기서열을 이용하여 종 특이적인 유전자 탐침을 개발하였다. 본 연구에서 조사된 바에 의하면, 상황버섯으로 시판되고 있는 국내유통균주는 총 9균주로서 P. pini가 4종, P. baumii가 3종, P. igniarius와 P. linteus가 각각 1종으로 확인되었으며 P. gilvus은 조사되지 알았다. 그 중 P. pini는 대부분 중국에서 수입된 제품이었고 P. igniarius를 포함한 P. baumii는 주로 북한산 제품으로 조사되었다. 한편 P. linteus와 P. baumii는 변이가 높은 ITS1 , ITS2 부위에서도 다른 종에 비하여 높은 상동성을 나타내어 종 특이적인 유전자 탐침이 유효하지 않은 반면에 P. igniarius, P. pini, P. gilvus종에 대한 detection primer로 각각 IF1-IR3, PF1-PF3, GF2-FR4 primer는 유전자 탐침이 유효함을 확인하였다. 유연관계가 아주 가까운 P. linteus와 P. baumii에 대한 정확한 분석을 위해서는 변이가 심한 ITS 부위와 보존성이 높은 18S rDNA 부위의 염기서열을 함께 분석, 비교하여야 가능하리라 사료된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.2206-2213
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• 2016

Recently, several studies have revealed that commercial microbial identification systems do not accurately identify the uncommon causative species of candidiasis, including Candida famata, Meyerozyma guilliermondii, and C. auris. We investigated the accuracy of species-level identification in a collection of clinical isolates previously identified as C. famata (N = 38), C. lusitaniae (N = 1 2), and M. guilliermondii (N = 5) by the Vitek 2 system. All 55 isolates were re-analyzed by the Phoenix system (Becton Dickinson Diagnostics), two matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry analyzers (a Vitek MS and a Bruker Biotyper), and by sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions or 26S rRNA gene D1/D2 domains. Among 38 isolates previously identified as C. famata by the Vitek 2 system, the majority (27/38 isolates, 71.1%) were identified as C. tropicalis (20 isolates) or C. albicans (7 isolates) by ITS sequencing, and none was identified as C. famata. Among 20 isolates that were identified as C. tropicalis, 17 (85%) were isolated from urine. The two isolates that were identified as C. auris by ITS sequencing originated from ear discharge. The Phoenix system did not accurately identify C. lusitaniae, C. krusei, or C. auris. The correct identification rate for 55 isolates was 92.7% (51/55 isolates) for the Vitek MS and 94.6% (52/55 isolates) for the Bruker Biotyper, as compared with results from ITS sequencing. These results suggest that C. famata is very rare in Korea, and that the possibility of misidentification should be noted when an uncommon Candida species is identified.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.245-252
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• 2010

For the purpose of evaluating to remove elemental mercury using SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) catalysts, the result of the concentration variation of elemental mercury in lab experiment and field measurement was compared. The effect of the elemental mercury oxidation on commercial catalysts was studied in simulated gas. Three species of SCR catalyst, $V_2O_5-TiO_2$ type, were selected. The elemental mercury reduced 30% without HCl gas in SCR operating condition. But the width of reduction increased 60% at 20 ppm HCl gas. According to the result of field measurement, reduction rate of elemental mercury at SCR outlet showed 60%. The total mercury concentration decreased about 20%. The results were similar to the lab test. The results of chemical analysis of test sample showed increase of mercury concentration but surface change was not observed.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.169-178
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• 2002

Orchids are evolutionally known to be the most advanced plants in the order Liliales, and comprise approximately 1,000 genera and 35,000 species world-wide. In Korea, more than 110 species of Orchidaceae have been reported to be cultivated or to be collected in the wild. Orchids aye mostly dependant on orchid mycorrhizae(OM) throughout or in part of their life cycle. The OM endomycorrhizae belonging to basidiomycetes or rarley ascomycetes are needed for orchid seed germination. Various fungi, including plant pathogenic, antagonistic and symbiotic fungi, were isolated from the roots of orchid native to Korea. The OM fungi collected from the roots of Cymbidium goeringii were three species of Rhizoctonia namely, R. repens (anamorph state of Tulsanella repens), R. endophytica (Ceratobasidium cornigerum), and an unidentified species (possibly an anamorph of T. calospora). These symbiotic fungi induced peloton in the cortical cells of orchid roots, and differed biologically and in 18s rDNA sequences from plant pathogenic Rhizoctonia species. Also, the mycorrhyzal fungi enhanced the orchid root absorption of nitrogen sources and minerals from the soil. The activity of mycorrhizal fungal hyphae in the roots caused prevention from pathogenic fungi. In nature, the peloton is observed in the cortical cells of Cymbidium goeriingii roots, indicating mycorrhizal colonization in the native orchid roots. On the other hand, pathogenic fungi such as Fusarium and/or Rhizoctonia species are mostly isolated from commercial orchid plants. These suggest that application of symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi should be needed for orchid cultivation in nurseries and at the time of transplanting.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.331-336
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• 2004

The correlation between polymeric aluminum species of coagulant and its coagulation efficiency was investigated using several commercial polymeric Al(III) inorganic coagulants (Poly Aluminum Hydroxy Chloro Sulfate 2020 (PAHCS2020), Poly Aluminum Hydroxy Chloro Sulfate 2500 (PAHCS2500) which was introduced in Korean water treatment plants. The poly aluminum chloride (PAC), Poly Aluminum Hydroxide Chloride Silicate (PACS)) and the aluminum salts ($AlCl_3$, Alum ($Al_2(SO_4)_3$)) were used for the purpose of comparison. The comparison of the coagulation efficiency of each coagulant was made by turbidity removal through the standard jar testing procedure and the determination of the hydrolytic Al(III) species was made by the ferron method which can differentiate the monomeric aluminum species from the polymeric aluminum species. Overall, PAHCS2020 and PAHCS2500 showed the better performance in turbidity removal than the aluminum salts. The performance of coagulation was even better without adjustment of pH during the coagulation experiment. The positive correlation between polymeric aluminum species of coagulant and coagulation efficiency was found.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.109-116
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• 1981

Three edible species and one species utilized as drug were selected from wild mushrooms collected from mountains and fields throughout Korea during 1977 to 1979 for artificial cultivation. The media, MES for G. lucidum, MHS for P. rudis and MSES and MHS for P. adipose and Pluteus sp. were selected. The range of optimum pH was 4.0 to 5.0 in citric acid-sodium phosphate dibasic for the tested species. The range of optimum temperature for the mycelial growth of G. lucidum and P. adiposa was 25 to 3$0^{\circ}C$ and 30 to 35$^{\circ}C$ for P. rudis and Pluteus sp. For the moisture content 75 to 80% (w/w) in the substrates, the mycelial growth of most tested species was rapid. As the spawning substrates, poplar sawdust for G. lucidum and Pluteus sp., oak sawdust for P. rudis and wheat for P. adipose were selected, respectively. In this experiment, the fruit bodies of all tested species were appeared. Among them, G. lucidum for medicinal purpose and P. adiposa and Pluteus sp. for sources of new edible mushrooms seems to be possible. However, the sporophores of P. rudis were not adequate as an edible mushroom for the commercial due to the leathery flesh.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.483-495
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• 2010

The passenger pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius) was a species of pigeon that was once the most common bird in North America. According to some ornithologists, the number of passenger pigeons is estimated as many as five to six billions at the time when the first Europeans arrived there. But this species became extinct in 1914. There were a multiplicity of causes in the extinction; first, the extension of telegraph lines and railroads into the Middle West of the USA beginning in 1850s, second, the loss of vast feeding, nesting, and roosting sites of the passenger pigeon due to the massive deforestation, third, the rapid population growth of the USA during nineteen century, fourth, the commercial exploitation of the species, and finally, the infirm and weak protective efforts. Some important lessons can be learned from the extinction of the passenger pigeon. First, it shows how much critical the public interest is for a successful conservational movement. Second, it illustrates the need for strong laws and practices in the protection of an endangered species from going extinct. Third, the fate of the passenger pigeon proves a very important principle in conservational biology. That is, for each species (bird or other animal) there is a minimum population to sustain the species. Ecologists generally believe that the extinction of the passenger pigeon was due to the loss of their numbers below the minimum owing to overexploitation.