• Title/Summary/Keyword: Commercial preparation

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Preparation of Aluminum Nitride from an Alkoxide and its Properties (알콕사이드로부터 AlN분말의 합성 및 분말 특성)

  • 이홍림;박세민;조덕호
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.100-108
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    • 1989
  • Aluminum hydroxides were prepared by the alkoxide hydrolysis method using Al-isopropoxide as a starting material and NH4OH as a catalytic agent. When Al-isopropoxide was hydrolyzed in a H2O-NH3 system, only Al(OH)3 was obtained over all pH values. However, AlOOH was formed besides Al(OH)3 when Al-isopropoxide was hydrolyzed in a H2O-NH3-isopropyl alcohol system. The AlOOH/Al(OH)3 ratio was increased as the isopropyl alcohol content was increased. The hydroxides, Al(OH)3 and AlOOH, obtained in this study and the commerical products, $\alpha$-Al2O3 and AlOOH were subjected to the carbothermal reduction and nitridation reaction to product AlN powder, using carbon black as a reducing agent under N2 atmosphere at various temperatures. AlN was synthesized from the obtained Al(OH)3 and the commercial AlOOH at 145$0^{\circ}C$, however, synthesized from the obtained AlOOH and the commercial alpha-alumina at 135$0^{\circ}C$. The temperature difference is assumed to be attributed to the reactivity of those powders. AlN powder prepared from the Al-isopropoxide was observed to have the narrower particle size distribution than that prepared from the commercial $\alpha$-Al2O3 or AlOOH.

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A Study on Utilization of Japanese Consumers and the Present Condition of Northeast Asia Processed Eels (장어 시판제품에 대한 동북아시아의 가공현황 및 일본인 소비자의 구매실태 조사)

  • Kim Heh-Young;Lim Yaung-iee
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.20 no.5
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    • pp.537-544
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    • 2004
  • This study investigated the current processing degree and ingredients of sauce on the packaging of the commercial eel products made in Northeast Asia (Korea, Japan, China and Taiwan) and surveyedthe perception of nutritional functionality and purchasing pattern of Japanese consumers for the processed eels. The results are considered as a useful aid for preparation of processed eel products. The commercial eel products, purchased at a department store, supermarket and discount market, were divided by processing method, package quantity, storage method and sauce ingredients. The processing method was indicated in many different ways in each country, such as sauce ingredients and intake method. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 105 Japanese consumers (male 43, female 62) visiting Korea. Of the respondents, 44% answered and the major reasons for purchasing processed eel products were as a side dish for meals. The results for this factor were significantly different in relation to age (p <0.05). The degree of perceptions of functional excellence about processed eel products was well known (37%), some (49%), and seldom (14%). The results for this factor were significantly different in relation to age (p <0.001). Seventy-five percent of the respondents had experienced processed eel products. The type of purchase of the respondents was highest for vinegared rice and fish (47%), followed by freezing (33%), canning (5%), and dried food (4%), in that order.

Preparation of Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and Sea Mussel (Mytilus coruscus) Hydrolyzates using Commercial Protease (단백질 분해효소를 이용한 굴과 홍합 가수분해물의 제조)

  • Lee, Young-Chul;Kim, Dong-Soo;Kim, Young-Dong;Kim, Young-Myoung
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.234-240
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    • 1990
  • Attempts have been made to optimize the hydrolysis conditions of the oyster and the mussel by the commercial proteolytic enzymes. Raw materials were digested with seven different commercial enzymes, and their quality parameters measured in terms of degree of hydrolysis and content of free amino nitrogen, nucleic acid-related substances. and free amino acids as well as sensory evaluation of optimization of their hydrolysis conditions. As a result, following enzymes have been disclosed as effective for enzymatic digestion: MKC-HT proteolytic, alcalase 0.6L and thermease for the oyster whereas MKC-acid fungal protease and thermoase for the mussel, respectively.

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Design and Implementation of EMS for Real-Time Power Generation Control of Wind Farm Based on Wake Effect Optimization (후류 영향 최적화 기반 실시간 풍력발전단지 발전 제어용 EMS의 설계 및 구현)

  • Kim, Joon-Hyoung;Sung, Ki-Won;Jung, Sung-Hwan
    • Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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    • v.25 no.8
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    • pp.1097-1108
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    • 2022
  • This paper aimed to design and implement an EMS for real-time power generation control based on wake effect optimization of wind farm, and then to test it in commercial operating wind farm. For real-time control, we proposed the wake band-based optimization and setting the wake effect distance limit, and when the wake effect distance limit was set to 7D in the actual wind farm layout, the calculation time was improved by about 93.94%. In addition, we designed and implemented the script-based EMS for flexible operation logic management in preparation for unexpected issues during testing, and it was installed and tested on a wind farm in commercial operation. However, three issues arose during the testing process. These are the communication interface problem of meteorological tower, the problem of an abnormal wake effect, and the problem of wind turbine yaw control. These issues were solved by modifying the operation logic using EMS's script editor, and the test was successfully completed in the wind farm in commercial operation.

Comparison of Blenderized Diets and Commercial Enteral Formulas in the Unconscious Tube-fed Patients (의식불명 환자에서 경과급식에 의한 혼합형 식사와 상업용 조합식이의 효과 비교)

  • 정상섭
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.345-354
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    • 1995
  • Blenderized diets are not recommended because of difficulties in providing a constant content of nutrients, phoblems with viscosity and osmolarity, time needed for preparation, and increased risk of contamination. To determine the possibility of substituting commercial formulas for blenderized diets, 27 unconscious patients were randomized into two different groups : blenderized diet group(n=11) and commercial formula group(n=16). Blenderized diets were composed of food sources such as rice, milk, egg, juices and others, and its energy percentage of protein, fat, and carbohydrate was 15%, 30%, and 55%, respetively. Commercial enteral formulas provided 1 kcal/ml and the energy percentage of protein, fat and carbohydrate was 25%, 20% and 55% in greenbia(G) and 20%, 20%, and 60% in Greenbia-DM(GD), repectively. In commercial formula group, five patients with diarrhea, constipation, and high blood glucose level received GD, and the other eleven patients received G. All patients received their lipuid diet for 4 weeks through 16 French rubber nasogastric tube by bolus feeding 6 times daily. The patients in commercial formula group had a similar mean daily calorie intake to the patient in blenderized diet group, 32-34kcal/kg/d and 30-35kcal/kg/d, respectively. Patients given commercial formula gained an averge of 1.7kg in weight but those given blenderized diet lost an average of 2.6kg. There was a trend toward an increase in percent ideal body weight in commercial formula group(94$\pm$5 vs 99$\pm$6%). However, blenderized diet group showed a trend toward a decrease in percent ideal body weight(106$\pm$5 vs $101\pm$6%). The initial levels of total lymphocyte counts, serum albumin and tranferrin were below the normal rante, The mean daily protein intake was significanlty higher for commercial formula group(2.0-2.1g/kg/d) than for blenderized diet group(1.1-1.3g/kg/d). Patient fed cormmercial formula for 4 weeks showed a trend toward an increase in serum albumin(8.1%) and a significant increase in serum transferrin(32.1%) without increasing the levels of blood glucose. GOT, GPT, blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. In the blenderized diet group, however, no significant improvement were obseved in the concentration of serum albumin and transferin, compared to initial value. There was a trend toward a decrese in the level of hemoglobin and hematocrit in blenderized deit group but no significnat change in commercial formulas goups. All patients tolerated both diets well and no significant complications were encountered. The results indicate that the commercial enteral formulas tested in this study can be an effective substitution for blenderized diet in unconscious tube-fed patients.

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Preparation of Concrete Admixtures from Pine Bark Wasts(I) - Optimal Sulfonation of Bark Components - (폐 소나무 수피로부터 콘크리트 혼화제의 제조(I) - 수피성분의 최적 설폰화조건 -)

  • 문성필;박성천;소양섭
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 1998.04b
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    • pp.743-746
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    • 1998
  • Pine bark waste was delignified with various sulfite liquors in order to use its spent liquor as concrete additives. The bark was easily deliginfied in alkaline sulfite-anthraquinone(ASAQ) cooking, resulting in more than 90% delignification. The dispersing ability of the ASAQ spent liquor was almost equivalent to or better than that of the commercial wood lignosufonate(CSL), Sanflo R.

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Isolation of an Unusual Aloenin-acetal from Aloe

  • Woo, Won-Sick;Shin, Kuk-Hyun;Chung, Ha-Sook;Lee, Jung-Mi;Shim, Chang-Sub
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.25 no.4 s.99
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    • pp.307-310
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    • 1994
  • A hitherto unknown substance was isolated from the commercial sample of Aloe arborescens, which was shown to be the 4',6'-O-ethylidene-aloenin, most likely an artifact caused by hot-air drying procedure for the product preparation.

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Preparation and properties of crosslinked polyurethane containing phospholipid component for biomaterials (Phospholipid Component 를 함유한 가교된 Polyurethane Biomaterials의 제조와 물성)

  • Yoo, Hye-Jin;Kim, Han-Do
    • Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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    • 2003.10b
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    • pp.55-58
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    • 2003
  • Segmented polyurethanes have been widely used for various commercial and experimental blood-contacting and tissue-contacting applications such as vascular prostheses, blood pumps, heart valves, pacemaker lead wire insulation, catheters, artificial hearts, and cardiac assist devices due to their generally favorable physical and mechanical properties, as well as fairly good biocompatibility and antithrombogenicity characteristics. (omitted)

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Preparation and Properties of Water Vapor Permeable Waterborne Polyurethane -Effect of Polyol- (투습성 수분산 폴리우레탄의 제조와 특성 - 폴리올의 영향 -)

  • Sang-Woo Park;Myung-Hwan Lee;Young-Hee Lee;Han-Do Kim
    • Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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    • 2001.10a
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    • pp.5-8
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    • 2001
  • Waterborne Polyurethane dispersions continue to show growth in commercial usage due to the ever increasing environmental legislation to reduce VOC in Coating and adhesive materials. The transition from solvent-based to waterborne Polyurethane(WPu) has also been facilitated by advances in both the chemistry and technology employed and the formulation expertise required. (omitted)

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Preparation and Properties of Waterborne Polyurethanes - Effect of DMPA content- (수분산 폴리우레탄의 제조 및 특성 - DMPA 함량의 영향-)

  • Kwak, Yong-Sil;Kim, Young-Hee;Kim, Han-Do
    • Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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    • 2001.10a
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    • pp.21-24
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    • 2001
  • Polyurethane are used for a wide range of commercial applications such as adhesives or coatings for various substrates including textile fabric, plastic, wood, glass fiber, and metals. The types of polyurethane ionomers have been reported according to the ionic charges on the polymer main chain, i.e. anionomer, cationomer, and zwitterconomers. (omitted)

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