• 한국안광학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2009

목적: 2008년 국내에 출시된 안경 신상품에 대한 브랜드, 종류, 재료, 색상 그리고 디자인 등을 조사, 분석하여 국내 안경시장의 트렌드를 파악하고자 한다. 방법: 국내에서 발간되는 안경관련 잡지인 '안경계', 'Eye 11', 'AXIS' 등 3종의 2008년도 발간분에 수록된 신상품을 전부 조사, 분석하였다. 결과: 2008년 3종의 잡지에 수록된 신상품은 총103개 업체, 182개 브랜드이며, 국내 브랜드가 77개, 수입 브랜드 105개였다. 종류별로는 도수테가 522개, 선글라스가 126개, 기타 스포츠글라스, 클립안경 등이 39개였다. 도수테의 재질은 콤비테가 37.93%, 메탈테가 33.14%, 플라스틱테가 28.93%였으며, 선글라스의 경우는 플라스틱테가 50.79%, 콤비테가 30.95%, 메탈테는 18.25%였다. 스타일측면에서는 복고풍 스타일을 유지하면서 개성을 표출할 수 있는 캐쥬얼 스타일이 많이 눈에 띄며, 보수적인 스타일을 유지하면서 간결하고 절제된 형태의 모던하고 미니멀한 스타일도 많이 나타났다. 컬러 측면에서는 검정, 회색 등의 기본적인 색상이 주류를 이루었으며, 파스텔톤의 색상과 원색 계열도 강조색으로 많이 사용되었다. 결론: 2008년 신상품 안경의 트렌드를 분석하면 국산 제품의 경우 얇은 판테와 가벼운 TR 안경테 그리고 이들을 조합한 콤비테 등 가볍고 착용감이 좋은 제품들이 많이 출시되었다. 수입 제품의 경우 메탈테는 티탄 위주의 심플한 안경테가 많았으며, 플라스틱테는 아세테이트를 위주로 한 다양한 패턴과 색상의 제품이 주류를 이루었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.1291-1295
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• 1997

The catalytic dehydrocoupling of di-n-butylstannane n-Bu2SnH2 by the Cp2MCl2/Red-Al (M = Ti, Zr, Hf) and M(CO)6/Red-Al in situ combination catalysts yielded a mixture of two kinds of catenated products: one is a cross-linked insoluble solid, and the other is a non-cross-linked soluble solid (≒Sn5) or viscous oil (≒Sn2). The soluble oligostannanes could be produced by simple dehydrocoupling of n-Bu2SnH2, whereas the insoluble polystannanes could be obtained via disproportionation/dehydrocoupling combination process of n-Bu2SnH2. The disproportionation/dehydrocoupling combination process may initially produce a low-molecular-weight oligostannane with partial backbone Sn-H bonds which could then undergo an extensive cross-linking reaction of backbone Sn-H bonds, resulting in the formation of an insoluble polystannane.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.123-138
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• 2024

With the increase in online shopping and delivery food consumption since the pandemic, solving environmental problems caused by single-use packaging has become an important issue. 'Upcycling' is a combination of 'Upgrade' and 'Recycle', and it is the rebirth of obsolete or discarded objects by adding new value to them, and there are currently various upcycled products on the market. In order to activate upcycling, consumers' awareness of the environment and their values for consumption are very important. This study aims to investigate the influence of students' environmental concern, environmental experience, and consumption value on their purchase intention of upcycled products. Based on the results of previous studies on environmental concern, environmental experience, and consumption value, hypotheses were set, and a survey was conducted among university students nationwide to test the hypotheses. The results of this study are as follows First, environmental concern has a significant positive effect on purchase intention of upcycled products. It can be seen that the more environmental concerns such as global warming and waste disposal problems increase, the more positive attitudes toward upcycled products increase. Second, the research hypothesis that environmental knowledge will have a positive effect on the purchase intention of upcycled products is rejected. It was found that environmental knowledge is acquired through environmental education and many SNS, but it does not have a direct effect on the purchase intention of upcycled products. Third, it was found that the consumption value of college students has a positive effect on the purchase intention of upcycled products by increasing their positive perception of upcycled products. Fourth, college students' purchase intention of upcycled products has a positive effect on their behavioral intention to purchase upcycled products. The results of the study provide implications for relevant organizations such as universities and companies to effectively design upcycling-related education. It is also expected to have a positive impact on the use of upcycled products by providing basic information on the characteristics of consumers who purchase upcycled products.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.229-238
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• 2013

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are added to different food products for a long time due to health beneficial effects on human host. LAB is applied in dairy products, such as yoghurt, cheese, and various fermented products, and also in non-dairy products, such as sausages. However, reaching the human gut alive as well as in a sufficient cell amount to exert positive health effects is still a big challenge, due to LAB sensitive character and vulnerability against harsh and detrimental conditions in human digestive system. Keeping physiological activity of sensitive LAB strains alive is for the formulation of novel food products with a probiotic health claim of utmost interest, thus microencapsulation has been applied and investigated as a promising technique for a good and reliable protection. Microencapsulation allows reduced cell injury or cell loss by retaining cells within the encapsulating membrane and can be enforced by spray-drying, emulsion, extrusion, and a range of other technologies in combination with an appropriate coating material, such as alginate, chitosan, and mixture of these two polymers. In this review, established and well-studied microencapsulation techniques with their favored coating materials, as well as the recent applications of microencapsulated LAB into dairy products will be discussed.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.1179-1188
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• 2018

This study aimed to investigate the combined effect of using natural calcium mixtures and various binding ingredients as replacers for synthetic phosphate in ground pork products. We performed seven treatments: control (0.3% phosphate blend), treatment 1 (0.5% natural calcium mixtures [NCM, which comprised 0.2% oyster shell calcium and 0.3% egg shell calcium powder] and 0.25% egg white powder), treatment 2 (0.5% NCM and 0.25% whey protein concentrate), treatment 3 (0.5% NCM and 0.25% concentrated soybean protein), treatment 4 (0.5% NCM and 0.25% isolated soybean protein), treatment 5 (0.5% NCM and 0.25% carrageenan), and treatment 6 (0.5% NCM and 0.25% collagen powder). All the treatment mixtures had higher pH and lower cooking loss than the control, which was treated with phosphate. We found that NCM and binding ingredients had no negative effects on the moisture content, lightness, and yellowness of the cooked ground pork products. Treatments 3 and 4 showed significantly lower CIE $a^*$ values than the control. Treatments 2 and 6 improved the textural properties of the products. In conclusion, the combination of NCM with whey protein concentrate or collagen powder could be suitable for producing phosphate-free meat products.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.519-532
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• 2020

Because lotus root has a short shelf life, the quality easily deteriorates. Thus, the harvested lotus roots are processed into a variety of products. Drying is one of the simplest food preservation methods, which can increase food stability. However, the convective drying method takes a long time and requires high energy consumption. Combination drying methods have emerged to overcome the limitations of the convective drying method. This study investigated the drying characteristics of lotus root and determined the optimal drying model of lotus root depending on the microwave and hot-air combination drying conditions. The lotus root slices (5 mm in thickness and 40 mm in diameter) were dried by different drying conditions that were combined with three microwave power levels (50, 100, and 150 W) and two hot air temperatures (50 and 60℃) at a velocity of 5 m·s^-1. Eight drying models were tested to evaluate the fit to the experimental drying data, and the effective moisture diffusion (D_eff) values of the lotus root slices dried by combination drying were estimated. The combination drying time of the lotus root was significantly reduced with the high air temperature and microwave power. The effective moisture diffusion (D_eff) of lotus root was more affected by the air temperature than microwave power intensity. Logarithmic model was most suitable to describe the drying curve of lotus root in the microwave-hot air combination drying method.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.1179-1188
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• 2023

Escherichia coli, particularly multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, is a serious cause of healthcare-associated infections. Development of novel antimicrobial agents or restoration of drug efficiency is required to treat MDR bacteria, and the use of natural products to solve this problem is promising. We investigated the antimicrobial activity of dried green coffee (DGC) beans, coffee pulp (CP), and arabica leaf (AL) crude extracts against 28 isolated MDR E. coli strains and restoration of ampicillin (AMP) efficiency with a combination test. DGC, CP, and AL extracts were effective against all 28 strains, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 12.5-50 mg/ml and minimum bactericidal concentration of 25-100 mg/ml. The CP-AMP combination was more effective than CP or AMP alone, with a fractional inhibitory concentration index value of 0.01. In the combination, the MIC of CP was 0.2 mg/ml (compared to 25 mg/ml of CP alone) and that of AMP was 0.1 mg/ml (compared to 50 mg/ml of AMP alone), or a 125-fold and 500-fold reduction, respectively, against 13-drug resistant MDR E. coli strains. Time-kill kinetics showed that the bactericidal effect of the CP-AMP combination occurred within 3 h through disruption of membrane permeability and biofilm eradication, as verified by scanning electron microscopy. This is the first report indicating that CP-AMP combination therapy could be employed to treat MDR E. coli by repurposing AMP.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.731-739
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• 2002

V. parahaemolyticus의 성장은 선택되어진 천연산물의 한 종류 단독으로서도 저해되었으며, 또한 이 들의 조합에 의해서도 특징적으로 성장이 저해되었으며, 이것은 항산화력이 강한 천연산물들을 free radical의 제거와 동시에 V. parnhaemolyticus의 성장 억제 물질로 사용할 수 있고 이를 이용하여 기능성 항산화 제재의 제조가 가능하리라 사료된다. V. parahaemuzyticus 는 한 종류의 천연산물 황백 및 황련에 의하여 100% 제어됨을 보이고 있으며, 녹차는 90%, 오배자는 75%, 백작약은 52%의 제어 효과를 보여 이 세균의 대사를 제어하는 성분이 있거나, 세포막의 수송 환경의 변화에 의한 물질의 전달이 제어되는 것으로 추정된다. 그리고 두 종류 천연산물의 조합인 황백과 오미자의 조합은 68.7%의 제어율을, 오가피와 오미자(상백피) 및 황금과 황기의 조합은 53%의 제어 효과를 보였다. 세 종류의 천연산물 조합인 황백과 오미자 및 오가피, 황백과 오가피 및 황금, 오미자와 오가피 및 황금 등의 황백, 오가피 등을 공통조합으로 한 배합에서 모두 95%의 제어율을 보였다. 네 종류 천연산물의 조합, 오가피, 황기와 황백 및 황련의 조합, 오가피, 황기와 황백 및 백작약의 조합, 황기, 황백과 황련 및 황금의 조합, 황기, 황백과 황련 및 백작약의 조합 등에 의하여 성장이 95%의 저해율을 보였다. 이 조합들의 항산화력은 황기, 황백과 황련 및 백작약 조합의 AUC가 625.46으로써 가장 높았으며, 대조군보다 5.4배 정도 강한 것으로 나타났고, 항산화력이 큰 조합에서 제어가 잘 됨을 보였다. hydroxyl radical의 소거활성은 황기, 황백과 황련 및 백작약의 조합에서 95% 이상의 소거율을 보였다. 또한, 방향족의 함량 및 총 phenol 함량은 가공된 녹차들보다 30배 이상 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이것은 항산화력이 강한 천연산물들을 이용하여 free radical의 제거와 동시에 V. parnhaemofyticus의 성장 저해 물질로 사용할 수 있으며, 생체의 기능을 향상시킬 수 있는 기능성 제재로의 응용 가능성을 보였다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.14-28
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• 2017

This purpose of this study to analyze effect material properties have on change in QR code recognition rate according to change of materials by comparing recognition rate of color QR code. QR code applied to textile materials has the advantage of being washable and being applicable to lost child prevention goods or clothes or a person with dementia through record of information relating to the material or input of additional information, differently from QR code printed on the conventional paper. An effective method of entering QR code in textile materials is Digital Textile Printing(DTP), that facilitates printing by rapidly applying diverse information, and small quantity production. It is possible to tailor various QR codes according to use. Regarding samples to use, cotton material used in clothing products and Tyvek material recently applied to clothing and related products were selected. Reactive dyes were used for cotton, pigment was used for Tyvek, and QR code was printed with an inkjet printer by direct printing method. Printing methods and surface textures are different between cotton and Tyvek. It was revealed that consequent print results and results of recognition rate were different. Regarding color to be printed, 2015 S/S - 2017 S/S color presented by Pantone was used. Color combination affected recognition rate of color QR code. Understanding color combination, material properties and print characteristics may be helpful in increasing recognition rate of color QR code, and may contribute to usability of color QR code applied to textile materials in the future.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.515-522
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• 2005

Enzyme-metal combo catalysis is described as a useful methodology for the synthesis of optically active compounds. The key point of the method is the use of enzyme and metal in combination as the catalysts for the complete transformation of racemic substrates to single enantiomeric products through dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR). In this approach, enzyme acts as an enantioselective resolving catalyst and metal does as a racemizing catalyst for the efficient DKR. Three kinds of enzyme-metal combinations - lipase-ruthenium, subtilisin-ruthenium, and lipase-palladium –have been developed as the catalysts for the DKRs of racemic alcohols, esters, and amines. The scope of the combination catalysts can be extended to the asymmetric transformations of ketones, enol acetates, and ketoximes via the DKRs. In most cases studied, enzyme-metal combo catalysis provided enantiomerically-enriched products in high yields.