• Title/Summary/Keyword: Color slice image

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Segmentation of 3D Visible Human Color Images by Balloon (Balloon을 이용한 3차원 Visible human 컬러 영상의 분할 방법)

  • 김한영;김동성;강흥식
    • Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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    • 2001.06e
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    • pp.73-76
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    • 2001
  • A segmentation is a prior processing for medical image analysis and 3D reconstruction. This Paper provides the method to segment 3D Visible Human color images. Firstly, the reference images that have a initial curve are segmented using Balloon and the results are propagated to the adjacent images. In the propagation processing, the result of the adjacent slice is modified by Edge-limited SRG Finally, the 3D Balloon improves the segmentation results of each 2D slice. the proposed method's performance was verified through the experiments to segment thigh muscles of Visible Human color images.

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Color volumetric 3D display system based on a rotating LED Screen

  • Haifeng, Li;Jiang, Wu;Xu, Liu;Caijie, Yan;Zhenrong, Zheng
    • 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2009.10a
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    • pp.510-512
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    • 2009
  • A volumetric 3D display system based on a rotating two dimensional color LED array is set up. It has a cylinder display space ${\Phi}800{\times}640mm3$ which is composed of 256 slices of pictures in one 3D image with each slice $320{\times}256$ LED pixels. The volumetric image has 4 gray scales and 64 colors. The main structure and working principle of the system is described in detail.

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Quantification of Starch Content in Apples Using Image Analysis and Its Relationships to Physicochemical Properties

  • Cho, Y. J.;Jun, W.;Kim, C. T.;Kim, C. J.;Kim, D. M.;Hwang, B. H.;Kim, J. K.
    • Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.59-62
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    • 2001
  • The starch content of apples, which is related to the maturity and ripeness, was quantified by using a computer vision system. The stained area was measured by image analysis when an apple slice was stained with KI/I$_2$ solution. The ratio of stained area of the apple slice to its whole area, so called the starch index, was defined as an indicator of the starch content. When Tsugaru apples were manually sorted into immature, turing and mature groups, their starch indices were 0.374, 0.312 and 0.129, respectively. The starch index had relationships to various physicochemical properties of Tsugaru apples. At the statistically significant level of 0.1%, it was correlated with the pH value, bio-yield force, rupture force and color of intact and skin-removed apples. At the 1% significant level, it had the correlation with the density and moisture content.

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QUANTIFICATION OF STARCH CONTENTS IN APPLES USING IMAGE ANALYSIS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPS TO PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES

  • Y. J. Cho;W. Jun;B. S. Ko;Kim, C. T.;Kim, C. J.;Kim, D. M.;Kim, J. K.
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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    • 2000.11b
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    • pp.204-209
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    • 2000
  • At harvest, the starch contents of apples, which were related to their maturity, were quantified by using image analysis. The stained area was measured by a computer vision system when an apple slice was stained with KI/I$_2$ solution. The stained area ratio of the stained area of the apple slice to its whole area, or the starch index, was defined as an indicator of starch content. When Tsugaru apples were manually sorted into immature, turning and mature groups, their starch indices were 0.374, 0.312 and 0.129, respectively. Meanwhile, the starch index had correlation to various physicochemical properties of Tsugaru apples. At the statistically significant level of 0.1 %, it was correlated with the pH value, bio-yield force, rupture force and color of intact and skin-removed apples. At the 1 % significant level, it had the correlation with the density and moisture content.

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Software development for the visualization of brain fiber tract by using 24-bit color coding in diffusion tensor image

  • Oh, Jung-Su;Song, In-Chan;Ik hwan Cho;Kim, Jong-Hyo;Chang, Kee-Hyun;Park, Kwang-Suk
    • Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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    • 2002.11a
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    • pp.133-133
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    • 2002
  • Purpose: The purpose of paper is to implement software to visualize brain fiber tract using a 24-bit color coding scheme and to test its feasibility. Materials and Methods: MR imaging was performed on GE 1.5 T Signa scanner. For diffusion tensor image, we used a single shot spin-echo EPI sequence with 7 non-colinear pulsed-field gradient directions: (x, y, z):(1,1,0),(-1,1,0),(1,0,1),(-1,0,1),(0,1,1),(0,1,-1) and without diffusion gradient. B-factor was 500 sec/$\textrm{mm}^2$. Acquisition parameters are as follows: TUTE=10000ms/99ms, FOV=240mm, matrix=128${\times}$128, slice thickness/gap=6mm/0mm, total slice number=30. Subjects consisted of 10 normal young volunteers (age:21∼26 yrs, 5 men, 5 women). All DTI images were smoothed with Gaussian kernel with the FWHM of 2 pixels. Color coding schemes for visualization of directional information was as follows. HSV(Hue, Saturation, Value) color system is appropriate for assigning RGB(Red, Green, and Blue) value for every different directions because of its volumetric directional expression. Each of HSV are assigned due to (r,$\theta$,${\Phi}$) in spherical coordinate. HSV calculated by this way can be transformed into RGB color system by general HSV to RGB conversion formula. Symmetry schemes: It is natural to code the antipodal direction to be same color(antipodal symmetry). So even with no symmetry scheme, the antipodal symmetry must be included. With no symmetry scheme, we can assign every different colors for every different orientation.(H =${\Phi}$, S=2$\theta$/$\pi$, V=λw, where λw is anisotropy). But that may assign very discontinuous color even between adjacent yokels. On the other hand, Full symmetry or absolute value scheme includes symmetry for 180$^{\circ}$ rotation about xy-plane of color coordinate (rotational symmetry) and for both hemisphere (mirror symmetry). In absolute value scheme, each of RGB value can be expressed as follows. R=λw|Vx|, G=λw|Vy|, B=λw|Vz|, where (Vx, Vy, Vz) is eigenvector corresponding to the largest eigenvalue of diffusion tensor. With applying full symmetry or absolute value scheme, we can get more continuous color coding at the expense of coding same color for symmetric direction. For better visualization of fiber tract directions, Gamma and brightness correction had done. All of these implementations were done on the IDL 5.4 platform.

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Understanding on MR Perfusion Imaging Using First Pass Technique in Moyamoya Diseases (Moyamoya 질환에서 1차 통과기법을 이용한 자기공명관류영상의 이해)

  • Ryu, Young-Hwan;Goo, Eun-Hoe;Jung, Jae-Eun;Dong, Kyung-Rae;Choi, Sung-Hyun;Lee, Jae-Seung
    • Korean Journal of Digital Imaging in Medicine
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.27-31
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this study was to investigated the usefulness of MR perfusion image comparing with SPECT image. A total of pediatric 30 patients(average age : 7.8) with Moyamoya disease were performed MR Perfusion with 32 channel body coil at 3T from March 01, 2010 to June 10, 2010. The MRI sequences and parameters were as followed : gradient Echo-planar imaging(EPI), TR/TE : 2000ms/50ms, FA : $90^{\circ}$, FOV : $240{\times}240$, Matrix : $128{\times}128$, Thickness : 5mm, Gap : 1.5mm. Images were obtained contrast agent administrated at a rate of 1mL/sec after scan start 10s with a total of slice 1000 images(50 phase/1 slice). It was measured with visual color image and digitize data using MRDx software(IDL version 6.2) and also, it was compared of measurement with values of normal and abnormal ratio to analyze hemodynamic change, and a comparison between perfusion MR with technique using Warm Color at SPECT examination. On MR perfusion examination, the color images from abnormal region to the red collar with rCBV(relative cerebral blood volume) and rCBF(relative cerebral blood flow) caused by increase cerebral blood flow with brain vascular occlusion in surrounding collateral circulation advancement, the blood speed relatively was depicted slowly with blue in MTT(Mean Transit Time) and TTP(Time to Peak) images. The region which was visible abnormally from MR perfusion examination visually were detected as comparison with the same SPECT examination region, would be able to confirm the identical results in MMD(Moyamoya disease)judgments. Hymo-dynamic change in MR perfusion examination produced by increase and delay cerebral blood flow. This change with digitize data and being color imaging makes enable to distinguish between normal and abnormal area. Relatively, MR perfusion examination compared with SPECT examination could bring an excellent image with spatial resolution without radiation expose.

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The MPEG-7 based Video Database (MPEG-7에 기반한 동영상 데이터베이스)

  • Lee, Soon-Hee
    • Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.103-106
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    • 2007
  • In order to construct a Video Database, shot change detection should be made first. But, because these processes are not automated perfectly, we need a lot of time and efforts now. And, there are many shot change detection algorithms, which can't always insure the perfect result because of the editing effects such as cut, wipe, and dissolves used in film production. Therefore, in order to receive the exact shot change, It needs the verification and correction by manual processing at any cost. Spatiotemporal slice is a simple image condensing method for the content changes of video. The editing effects are expressed on the Spatiotemporal slice in the visually noticed form of vertical line, diagonal line, curved line and gradual color changes, etc. Accordingly the parts doubted as a shot change can be easily detected by the change of the Spatiotemporal slice without replaying the video. The system proposed in this study makes it possible to delete the false detected key frames, and create the undetected key frames on the Spatiotemporal slice.

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Perfusion MR Imaging of the Brain Tumor: Preliminary Report (뇌종야의 관류 자기공명영상: 예비보고)

  • 김홍대;장기현;성수옥;한문희;한만청
    • Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.119-124
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    • 1997
  • Purpose: To assess the utility of magnetic resonance(MR) cerebral blood volume (CBV) map in the evaluation of brain tumors. Materials and Methods: We performed perfusion MR imaing preoperatively in the consecutive IS patients with intracranial masses(3 meningiomas, 2 glioblastoma multiformes, 3 low grade gliomas, 1 lymphoma, 1 germinoma, 1 neurocytoma, 1 metastasis, 2 abscesses, 1 radionecrosis). The average age of the patients was 42 years (22yr -68yr), composed of 10 males and S females. All MR images were obtained at l.ST imager(Signa, CE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, Wisconsin). The regional CBV map was obtained on the theoretical basis of susceptibility difference induced by first pass circulation of contrast media. (contrast media: IScc of gadopentate dimeglumine, about 2ml/sec by hand, starting at 10 second after first baseline scan). For each patient, a total of 480 images (6 slices, 80 images/slice in 160 sec) were obtained by using gradient echo(CE) single shot echo-planar image(EPI) sequence (TR 2000ms, TE SOms, flip angle $90^{\circ}$, FOV $240{\times}240mm,{\;}matrix{\;}128{\times}128$, slice-thick/gap S/2.S). After data collection, the raw data were transferred to CE workstation and rCBV maps were generated from the numerical integration of ${\Delta}R2^{*} on a voxel by voxel basis, with home made software (${\Delta}R2^{*}=-ln (S/SO)/TE). For easy visual interpretation, relative RCB color coding with reference to the normal white matter was applied and color rCBV maps were obtained. The findings of perfusion MR image were retrospectively correlated with Cd-enhanced images with focus on the degree and extent of perfusion and contrast enhancement. Results: Two cases of glioblastoma multiforme with rim enhancement on Cd-enhanced Tl weighted image showed increased perfusion in the peripheral rim and decreased perfusion in the central necrosis portion. The low grade gliomas appeared as a low perfusion area with poorly defined margin. In 2 cases of brain abscess, the degree of perfusion was similar to that of the normal white matter in the peripheral enhancing rim and was low in the central portion. All meningiomas showed diffuse homogeneous increased perfusion of moderate or high degree. One each of lymphoma and germinoma showed homogenously decreased perfusion with well defined margin. The central neurocytoma showed multifocal increased perfusion areas of moderate or high degree. A few nodules of the multiple metastasis showed increased perfusion of moderate degree. One radionecrosis revealed multiple foci of increased perfusion within the area of decreased perfusion. Conclusion: The rCBV map appears to correlate well with the perfusion state of brain tumor, and may be helpful in discrimination between low grade and high grade gliomas. The further study is needed to clarify the role of perfusion MR image in the evaluation of brain tumor.

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Representation of Serially Sectioned Images of Entire Human Body by Improvement of Notch Filter (놋치 필터 개선을 통한 인체 연속절단 영상 재현)

  • Park, Ki-Seok;Har, Dong-Hwan
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.11 no.5
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    • pp.15-24
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    • 2011
  • Recently various anatomic researches by using serially sectioned images in VK(Visible Korean) project are in progress. In that sense, it is very important and necessary to represent images which keep information of the original anatomic images. In this regard, there are some studies to get rid of slice patterns in coronal and sagittal images. However, according to the rapid spatial frequency changes, the ringing effect occurred in common. In addition, because of merge with the original images which have splice patterns, those patterns appeared again. Therefore, in this study we found effective color space to apply to FFT(Fast Fourier Transform) and notch filter in getting rid of the slice patterns. To verify this, we used RGB, LAB, CMYK, HSV and HSL color space. Secondly we got rid of and alleviated the ringing effect by improving notch filter. To verify this, we compared proposed method with previous study on the basis of original images by visual method and objective values. These result images are expected to contribute to anatomy research in relation to VK project.

MR Angiography with Simultaneous Data Acquisition of Arteries and Veins(SAAV) Method and Artery-Vein Color Mapping in 0.3T MRI System (0.3T MRI 시스템에서의 동.정맥 동시 획득을 위한 자기공명 혈류 영상 기법(SAAV)과 동.정맥 color mapping)

  • 조종운;조지연;서성만;은충기;문치웅
    • Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.275-280
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    • 2003
  • The method of simultaneous data acquisition of arteries and veins(SAAV) was suggested to obtain MR angiography of arteries and veins at 0.3T low filed MRI system (Magfinder, AlLab. Korea). Two separated artery- and vein-images were put together using AVCM(Artery-Vein Color Mapping) algorithm and presented in the same image. In this study, artery- and vein-separated angiograms of volunteer's neck were obtained. Two dimensioal blood-enhanced images wre sequentially obtained using SAAV pulse sequence based on time-of-flight(TOF) method with flow compensation. Imaging parameters were TR/TE=70/12msec. FOV=230mm, slice thickness = 3mm, flip angle=90$^{\circ}$, matrix size=256${\times}$256${\times}$64mm. TSat TH/SPA=15/20mm, Ts_v=10msec and Ts_a=40ms. 3D MRA images were reconstructed using the maximum intensity projection(MIP) and the artery-vein color mapping(AVCM) algorithm. This study showed good possibility of clinical applications of MRA in 0.3T which provides valuable diagnostic information of clinical vascular diseases.