• Spatial Information Research
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.107-116
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• 1994

Choropleth map is a type of thematic maps in which areal units are shaded with a color or pattern that symbolizes some characteristic of the mapped unit. CMS was first developed to produce choropleth maps on ordinary microcomputer environments in 1988. Since then there have been significant technological developments and enhancements in user environments, which have affected the field of choropleth mapping systems posi¬tively. A new version of CMS was developed in accordance with these changes. CMS II requires an IBM PC, or compatible, with the minimum 640KB memory and VGA graphic board. It supports HP laser jet printers to output a high resolution map. The program can use Hangul letters for main menu, map title, and legend. And dBase file format (DEW) was implemented to exchange attribute files effectively.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.1455-1464
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose an adaptive image enhancement algorithm. The proposed algorithm is classified with the MIE technique for intensity enhancement of input image and MSE techniques for saturation enhancement. The MIE technique is proposed to control the gamut mapping problem and a sudden change in image-brightness while Luminance signal is processing, The MSE techniques are proposed to control de-saturation or over-saturation while chrominance signal is processing. The proposed algorithm is focused on processing preference color for human vision in order to generate better image quality than the algorithms focused on processing uniformly to whole images, This algorithm can be applied to a monitor, TV and other display devices for high quality image.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.23-33
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• 2008

The physico-chemical characteristics by bleaching treatments were assessed by several instrumental analyses such as surface morphology, chemical structural change, color change as well as tensile strength. The change of morphological characteristic was observed through scanning electron microscope(SEM). The observation of the fine structure on hair surface by SEM showed the bleached hair had much damaged to hair cuticle, and some of cuticle surface were worn away. To investigate the chemical structural changes in hair keratin, the cross-sections of hair samples were directly analysed using Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy(FT-IRM). The results showed the cysteic acid S=O band intensity was distinctively increased by performing the bleaching treatment. The cleavage of cystine was appeared to proceed primarily through the sulfur-sulfur (-S-S-) fission whereby cysteic acid was formed as a principal oxidation products. The distribution of amide I band in hair keratin was determined by attenuated total reflectance(ATR) FT-IR mapping image. The results showed that the outer side of hair cortex was more damaged than the inner side of the hair cortex. Also, during chemical bleaching of the hair with alkaline peroxide, the hair was turned to reddish yellow due to the oxidative degradation of eumelanin. This means the eumelanin is more unstable than pheomelanin in chemical oxidation. With bleaching, the tensile strength was also reduced as a results of the chemical oxidation.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.107.1-107.1
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• 2012

Because of beautiful glossy and color, the value of gold leverage is very high in Europe. For improve the quality of white gold, we performed heat treatment on 14K white gold alloys at various age-hardening conditions. Age-hardening behavior and the related phase transformation changes were studied to elucidate the hardening mechanism of 14K white gold alloys. For solid solution treatment [ST], casted 14K white gold alloy specimens were treated at high temperature ($750^{\circ}C$) during 30 minute, and the specimens dropped to water for quenching immediately. For Age-hardening treatment [AT], the specimens were treated at various temperatures ($250^{\circ}C{\sim}300^{\circ}C$). After the heat treatment, we observed increased hardness from 144 Hv to 214 Hv by Vicker's hardness tester. Variation of the grain size measured by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. By electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA) mapping analysis, we investigated that irregular particles were changed uniformly. After heat treatment, 14K white gold alloys showed improved hardness and became uniformity of grain size by age-hardening treatment.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.62 no.6
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• pp.818-824
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• 2013

In this study, a novel Graphic User Interface (GUI) software development system is suggested so that it can be applied to diagnose breast cancer with utilizing 3~4.2 GHz microwave radiometric data. The estimated inner and surface temperature values on the patient's right and left breast in terms of microwave radiometry are visualized in HSV color mapping space and their relevant contour regions and lines are depicted by Marching Square graphic algorithm. Also the database system is implemented in terms of patient and diagnostic module to support the medical decisions concerning the breast cancer diagnosis.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.27 no.3A
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• pp.211-220
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• 2002

In this paper, we propose an efficient algorithm to compress simple computer cell animation at very low bit rate. The structure of proposed algorithm consists of intra frame coding and inter frame coding. In inter frame coding, animation is encoded by color quantization using a palette, rearrangement of index, ADPCM used in JPEG-LS, mapping, classification, and entropy coding. In interframe coding, classifying the characteristics of motion, animation is encoded by block based motion replenishment. Experimental results show that the proposed methods turns out to outperform conventional methods including Flash, FLC, Motion-JPEG, MPEG-1, and MPEG-4.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.346-350
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• 2006

다양한 종류의 동영상을 출력하는 디스플레이 장치에 색역 사상 알고리즘이 적용이 되기 위해서는 약 10나노 초 정도의 처리 속도가 필요하기 때문에 실제로 구현하기가 매우 어렵다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위한 방법으로 특정 장치의 색역 사상 결과를 샘플링한 후 3차원 룩업테이블에 저장하는 하드웨어 구조가 있는데, 본 논문에서는 이러한 해상도 절감 3차원 룩업 테이블을 이용한 색역 사상 하드웨어를 기술하고, 기존의 하드웨어의 구조를 보다 최적화할 수 있는 방법을 제시하고 성능 향상을 확인한다. 해상도 절감 3차원 룩업 테이블을 이용한 색역 사상 방법은 최종 사상 값을 출력하기 위하여 3차원 보간부를 필요로 하는데, 3차원 보간부는 실시간 하드웨어에서 큰 비중을 차지하고 있는 부분이다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 육면체 구조를 이용한 3차원 보간 방법에 비하여 연산 과정이 간단한 사면체 구조를 이용한 3차원 보간 방법으로 보간을 수행하는 새로운 하드웨어 구조를 제안하였고, 새로운 하드웨어가 기존의 방법보다 더 높은 성능을 기대할 수 있으면서 전체적인 하드웨어의 크기를 절감할 수 있음을 보인다.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.46-56
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify minimum data sets for oral mucous integrity-related documentation and to analyze nursing records for oral care. Methods: To identify minimum data sets for oral status, the authors reviewed 26 assessment tools and a practical guideline for oral care. The content validity of the minimum data sets was assessed by three nurse specialists. To map the minimum data sets to nursing records, the authors examined 107 nursing records derived from 44 patients who received chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in one tertiary hospital. Results: The minimum data sets were 10 elements such as location, mucositis grade, pain, hygiene, dysphagia, exudate, inflammation, difficulty speaking, and moisture. Inflammation contained two value sets: type and color. Mucositis grade, pain, dysphagia and inflammation were recorded well, accounting for a complete mapping rate of 100%. Hygiene (100%) was incompletely mapped, and there were no records for exudate (83.2%), difficulty speaking (99.1%), or moisture (88.8%). Conclusion: This study found that nursing records on oral mucous integrity were not sufficient and could be improved by adopting minimum data sets as identified in this study.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.83-92
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• 2019

Land cover (LC) is an important factor in socioeconomic and environmental studies. According to various studies, a number of LC maps, including global land cover (GLC) datasets, are made using polar orbit satellite data. Due to the insufficiencies of reference datasets in Northeast Asia, several LC maps display discrepancies in that region. In this paper, we performed a feasibility assessment of LC mapping using Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) data over Northeast Asia. To produce the LC map, the GOCI normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was used as an input dataset and a level-2 LC map of South Korea was used as a reference dataset to evaluate the LC map. In this paper, 7 LC types(urban, croplands, forest, grasslands, wetlands, barren, and water) were defined to reflect Northeast Asian LC. The LC map was produced via principal component analysis (PCA) with K-means clustering, and a sensitivity analysis was performed. The overall accuracy was calculated to be 77.94%. Furthermore, to assess the accuracy of the LC map not only in South Korea but also in Northeast Asia, 6 GLC datasets (IGBP, UMD, GLC2000, GlobCover2009, MCD12Q1, GlobeLand30) were used as comparison datasets. The accuracy scores for the 6 GLC datasets were calculated to be 59.41%, 56.82%, 60.97%, 51.71%, 70.24%, and 72.80%, respectively. Therefore, the first attempt to produce the LC map using geostationary satellite data is considered to be acceptable.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.153-164
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• 2010

To determine the clinical target volumes considering vascularity and cellularity of tumors, the software was developed for mapping of the analyzed biological clinical target volumes on anatomical images using regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV) maps and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps. The program provides the functions for integrated registrations using mutual information, affine transform and non-rigid registration. The registration accuracy is evaluated by the calculation of the overlapped ratio of segmented bone regions and average distance difference of contours between reference and registered images. The performance of the developed software was tested using multimodal images of a patient who has the residual tumor of high grade gliomas. Registration accuracy of about 74% and average 2.3 mm distance difference were calculated by the evaluation method of bone segmentation and contour extraction. The registration accuracy can be improved as higher as 4% by the manual adjustment functions. Advanced MR images are analyzed using color maps for rCBV maps and quantitative calculation based on region of interest (ROI) for ADC maps. Then, multi-parameters on the same voxels are plotted on plane and constitute the multi-functional parametric maps of which x and y axis representing rCBV and ADC values. According to the distributions of functional parameters, tumor regions showing the higher vascularity and cellularity are categorized according to the criteria corresponding malignant gliomas. Determined volumes reflecting pathological and physiological characteristics of tumors are marked on anatomical images. By applying the multi-functional images, errors arising from using one type of image would be reduced and local regions representing higher probability as tumor cells would be determined for radiation treatment plan. Biological tumor characteristics can be expressed using image registration and multi-functional parametric maps in the developed software. The software can be considered to delineate clinical target volumes using advanced MR images with anatomical images.