• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.73-83
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• 1993

In order to examine the effect of ${\beta}-estradiol$ on the cell growth, using a primary rabbit kidney poximal tubule cell culture system. We investigated the effect of ${\beta}-estradiol$ on alpha 1 (IV) collagen and ${\beta}-actin$ mRNA levels from primary rabbit kidney cell cultures, and also the effects of 3 growth factors and ${\beta}-estradiol$ supplementation on the growth of primary rabbit kidney proximal tubule cells in the serum-free medium. 1 nM of ${\beta}-estradiol$ showed a sizable potentiation effect on the growth of the proximal tubule cell in serum-free medium, but higher concentration (> 10 nM) of estradiol indeed inhibited the growth. In the absence of hydrocortisone as a growth supplement in serum-free medium, ${\beta}-estradiol$ caused to potentiate the growth of the cell. In the presence of hydrocortisone, ${\beta}-estradiol$ also potentiated the growth of the proximal tubule cells. According to the Northern analysis, ${\beta}-estradiol$ increased the level of ${\beta}-actin$ mRNA, although mRNA level of the alpha I(IV) collagen was not changed significantly.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.425-431
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of Achyranthes Radix(AR) and electroacupuncture(EA) in rats with rheumatoid arthritis induced by type II collagen for 28 days. Control group was daily administered 0.9% NaCl 0.5 $m{\ell}$, Group I was daily administered 0.9% NaCl 0.5 $m{\ell}$ to arthritic rats, Group II was orally administered with Achyranthes Radix 500 mg/kg 0.5 $m{\ell}$ to arthritic rats. Group III was given 2 Hz EA of chok samni acupoint(ST36) in the test group for 30 min/days to arthritic rats. Group IV was daily orally administered with Achyranthes Radix 500 mg/kg 0.5 $m{\ell}$ and 2 Hz EA of chok samni acupoint(ST36) in the test group for 30 min/days to arthritic rats. This studies have been designed to evaluate the hind paw edema, assessment of arthritis indices, analgetic effects by analysis of blood chemistry(WBC, CRP, ALP, AST). In each group, histologic observations, Safranin O-fast green stain were observed and analyzed. The following results were obtained. Group II, III, IV were significantly decreased arthritis indices and the rate of paw edema compared with Group I . Especially group IV was the most significantly decreased. The WBC, CRP, AST, ALT was that Group II, III, IV were significantly decreased compared with Group I . In conclusion, Achyranthes Radix and Ea contribute to the improvement of blood chemistry and change in safranin O-fast green by knee joint of arthritic rats.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1398-1406
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• 2016

In general, the seminiferous tubule basement membrane (STBM), comprising laminin, collagen IV, perlecan, and entactin, plays an important role in self-renewal and spermatogenesis of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in the testis. However, among the diverse extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins constituting the STBM, the mechanism by which each regulates SSC fate has yet to be revealed. Accordingly, we investigated the effects of various ECM proteins on the maintenance of the undifferentiated state of SSCs in pigs. First, an extracellular signaling-free culture system was optimized, and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity and transcriptional regulation of SSC-specific genes were analyzed in porcine SSCs (pSSCs) cultured for 1, 3, and 5 days on non-, laminin- and collagen IV-coated Petri dishes in the optimized culture system. The microenvironment consisting of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)-supplemented mouse embryonic stem cell culture medium (mESCCM) (GDNF-mESCCM) demonstrated the highest efficiency in the maintenance of AP activity. Moreover, under the established extracellular signaling-free microenvironment, effective maintenance of AP activity and SSC-specific gene expression was detected in pSSCs experiencing laminin-derived signaling. From these results, we believe that laminin can serve as an extracellular niche factor required for the in vitro maintenance of undifferentiated pSSCs in the establishment of the pSSC culture system.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.39-56
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• 2002

Objective : The aim of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of lnjinchunggantang-derivative on acute and sub-acute hepatic fibrosis induced by $CCl_4$, and to compare the efficiency of lnjinchunggantang-derivative, Salviae Radix and Scirpi Tuber.Zeloariae Rhizoma on acute and sub-acute hepatic fibrosis induced by $CCl_4$. Method : Western blotting for collagen type N, quantitative RT-PCR and gross & histological findings on liver tissue (Hematoxylin & Eosin stain, Reticulin stain, Masson-Trichrome stain) were studied. Results : In the study on collagen type N expression, lnjinchunggantangcderivative, Scirpi Tuber.Zeloariae Rhizoma and Salviae Radix showed inhibitory effect in western blotting. In quantitative RT-PCR assay, lnjinchunggantang-derivative showed inhibitory effect on collagen type N expression in acute hepatic fibrosis model, whereas lnjinchunggantang-derivative, Scirpi Tuber.Zeloariae Rhizoma and Salviae Radix showed inhibitory effect on collagen type N expression in sub-acute hepatic fibrosis model. In the gross findings of acute and sub-acute hepatic fibrosis models,lnjinchunggantang-derivative, Salviae Radix and Scirpi Tuber. Zeloariae Rhizoma showed inhibitory effect on hepatic fibrosis in the order. In the histological findings of acute and sub-acute hepatic fibrosis models in Hematoxylin & Eosin, Reticulin and Masson-Trichrome staining, the liver of $CCl_4$-only group showed atrophy and necrotic change with white nodules whereas that of $CCl_4$+ Injinchunggantang-derivative showed no significant histological change with well preservation of the tone of the tissue, and Scirpi Tuber. Zeloariae Rhizoma and Salviae Radix group showed minimal fibrotic changes. In the scoring system of the extent of the inhibition of the hepatic fibrosis, lnjinchunggantang-derivative group showed statistically significant inhibitory effect(p<0.05) whereas Scirpi Tuber.Zeloariae Rhizoma and Salviae Radix group showed no statistically significant effect in the acute hepatic fibrosis model. In the sub-acute hepatic fibrosis model, lnjinchunggantang-derivative, Scirpi Tuber.Zeloariae Rhizoma and Salviae Radix group showed statistically significant effect (p<0.01). Conclusion : These results show that lnjinchunggantang-derivative, Salviae Radix and Scirpi Tuber.Zeloariae Rhizoma have inhibitory effect in the order on hepatic fibrosis induced by $CCl_4$ by suppressing the expression of collagen type N, ultimately preventing liver cirrhosis. To obtain more credible results in this experiment, developement of a new experimental model more similar to human hepatic fibrosis is still needed.

• BMB Reports
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• v.42 no.7
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• pp.427-432
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• 2009

Orthodontic tooth movement results from the combinational process of both bone resorption and formation in the compressive and tension sides, respectively. However, the genes responsible for new bone formation in tension sides have not been determined. In this study, we used DNA microarray and real-time RT-PCR to identify genes in human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells that undergo significant changes in expression in response to static tensional forces (2 or 12 hours). The genes found were alkaline phospatase (ALP), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and several collagen genes. Furthermore, an ELISA evaluating the expression of VEGF, type IV collagen and MMP-2 found levels significantly increased after 24 and 72 hours (P < 0.05). ALP activity was also increased after 24 hours (P < 0.05). Collectively, we found the genes up-regulated in our study by the static tensional force are related to osteogenic processes such as matrix synthesis and angiogenesis.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.57-71
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• 1994

Gingival fibroblasts were cultured and subjected to the test of Northern blot analysis for the demonstration of various mRNA expression in response to the low level laser treatment. For duplication of in vivo. Wound healing process, fibroblasts were pretreated with proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1$\beta$(IL-1$\beta$) or mitogenic substance phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate(PMA) prior to laser irradiation. The results were as follows : 1. By the laser irradiation, the gene expression of collagen type I was markedly increased I n gingival fibroblasts, especially in the case of PMA pretreatment. The gene expression of collagen type IV, however, was not only affected by laser irradiation but also by chemical cell stimulation. 2. Oncogene v-myc expression was affected by both laser irradiation and IL-1$\beta$ or PMA stimulation, But v-fos gene expression was not detected in any case of this experimental system. 3. Heat shock gene(Hsp 70)was expressed constiutively, but slightly increased by laser irradiation. 4. mRNA of fibroblast growth factor(FGF) was induced by both laser irradiation and IL-1$\beta$ or PMA treatment.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.279-287
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• 2014

Estrogen deficiency results in a reduction of skin quality and function in postmenopausal women. Over the past decade, many studies have supported that estrogen provides anti-aging effects as a result of the ability of estrogen to prevent skin collagen decline, restore skin elasticity, and increase skin hydration in postmenopausal women skin. Due to their structural similarity with estrogen, isoflavones have been called phytoestrogens. Photoprotective effects of isoflavones are well established while their estrogenic-like activities are not fully understood in human skin. In this study, we investigated whether daidzein, an effective isoflavone, has phytoestrogenic activity and induces transcriptional change of extracellular matrix components in dermal fibroblasts. We examined the luciferase activity of daidzein and ${\beta}$-estradiol using transiently transfected NIH3T3-ERE cells. The estrogenic receptor-dependent transcriptional activity was increased in a dose-dependent manner when treated with daidzein, with a maximum of 2.5-fold induction at $10{\mu}g/mL$ of daidzein compared with non-treated control. In addition, daidzein significantly in creased the expressions of collagen type I, collagen type IV, elastin, and fibrillin-1 in human dermal fibroblasts. By comparing with the effects of ${\beta}$-estradiol through out all the experiments, we confirmed that daidzein had estrogenic activity and function in fibroblasts. These results suggest that daidzein-based application, having both photoprotective and phytoestrogenic effects, may be a powerful approach for skin anti-aging of postmenopausal women.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.55 no.10
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• pp.676-687
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• 2017

Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a composite of bone substitute and collagen barrier membrane (bone patch) for local ridge augmentation at peri-implant dehiscence defects on the clinical efficacy and positional stability in dogs. Materials and methods : Implant placement and ridge augmentation procedure were performed at surgically created peri-implant dehiscence defects in canine mandible (n=6). Four treatment modalities were randomly applied: i) bone patch group, ii) Guided bone regeneration (GBR) without pin fixation group (bone graft and collagen membrane), iii) GBR with pin fixation group, and iv) negative control group. After 12 weeks, clinical, micro-CT and histological analyses were performed. Results : Histologic analysis showed that bone patch group had similar results to GBR group and GBR with fixation group in terms of new bone formation. Micro-CT analysis revealed similar results to histologic analysis in terms of total volume maintenance. Operating time was shorter in bone patch group compared to GBR group and GBR with fixation groups. Conclusions : GBR using bone patch could simplify the ridge augmentation procedure with reduced operating time and equivalent biological performance compared to the conventional procedure.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.296-303
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• 2013

Lysyl oxidase (LOX), extracellular matrix enzyme, is catalyzing lysine-derived crosslinks in collagen and elastin. Recently, several LOX-like proteins (LOXL, LOXL2, LOXL3 and LOXL4) have been identified in human but their specific functions are still largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the function of the LOX family genes during odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp (HDP) cells induced with odontogenic supplement (OS). The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of LOX family genes and differentiation markers was assessed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis (RT-PCR). The formation of mineralization nodules was evaluated by alrizarin red S staining. Amine oxidase activity of HDP cells was measured by peroxidase-coupled fluormetric assay. The expressions of differentiation markers, such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin (OPN), osteocalcin (OCN), dentin matrix protein1 (DMP1), dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) in HDP cells were increased after treatment with OS media. The LOX and LOXL mRNA expression were gradually increased in OS media, whereas LOX enzyme activities were markedly detected on day 7. The mRNA expression and LOX enzyme activity of collagen type I was very similar to the pattern of LOX gene. In this study, the expression of LOX and its isoforms, and activity of LOX were highly regulated during odontoblastic differentiation. Thus, these results suggest that LOX plays a key role in odontoblastic differentiation of HDP cells.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.179-185
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• 2000

Generally vascular grafts with a relatively large inner diameter (> 5 mm) have been successfully employed for replacement in the human body. However, the use of small diameter grafts is limited, because these grafts rapidly occlude due to the thrombosis. The ideal blood-contacting surface of a prosthesis would be an endothelial cell (EC) lining, because the confluent monolayer of healthy ECs that culture natural blood vessels represents the ideal nonthrombogenic surface. For vascular graft application, the stable EC adhesion on surface under How conditions is very important. In this study, the adhesive strength of ECs attached on polymer surfaces coated with collagen type IV (Col IV), fibronectin (Fn), laminin (Ln), and treated with corona was investigated onto polyurethane (PU) films. The EC-attached PU surfaces were mounted on parallel-plate flow chambers in a How system prepared for cell adhesiveness test. Three different shear stresses (100, 150, and 200 dyne/㎠) were applied to the How chambers and each shear stress was maintained for 120 min to investigate the effect of shear stress and surface treatment condition on the EC adhesion strength. It was observed that the EC adhesion strength on the surface-modified PU films was in the order of Ln≡Fn > Col IV > corona 》 control. More than 70% of the adhered cells were remained on surface-modified PU surface after applying the shear stress,200 dyne/㎠ for 2 hrs, whereas the cells were completely detached on the control PU surface within 10 min after applying the same shear stress. It seems that the type of adsorbed proteins and hydrophilicitv onto the PU surfaces play very important roles for cell adhesion strength.