• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.19-45
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• 2010

This research has analyzed the differentiated influence of organizational variables(an organization's learning culture and organizational support networks) and personal variables(the individual's motivation to learn and self-efficacy) on the process of gaining and using of knowledge. These two variables have been regarded as the major variables for the successful learning of 6Sigma, according to Social Cognitive Theory. In addition, this research has proven the role structure of the abovementioned two variables through a suitable methodology(Hierarchical Linear Model). In regard to this methodology, the different hierarchical level of the personal variable and organizational variable was especially focused on, and the effect of interaction between the high level and the low level was considered in detail. Considering the current situation, in that the importance of organizational factor and personal factor has been emphasized but the accurate role of each variable has not been verified, the research model is thought to help to establish an effective strategy to implement 6 Sigma.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.273-292
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• 2011

The Purpose of this research is to investigate how Project Based Learning(PBL) cognitive department and among the learner and instructor in the industrial highschool. Theoretical framework for the study is based on PBL, collaborative learning and module learning. The importance of the PBL has been continuously reviewed by many educational researchers. In addition, it was supported by previous research results. Based on theoretical frameworks and previous researches on the PBL provided design principles and method for learning in the industrial highschool. As a result of this study, we have developed and applied to investigate (1) differences between the types of departments(agriculture, industry, commerce) of cognition on learner's and instructor's task solving process, (2) correlation between the type of groups(learner, instructor) and type of departments(agriculture, industry, commerce) cognition on task solving process. The total of 100 learners and 50 instructors from industrial highschool in the study for the period of sixteen weeks. Based on the type of groups and departments, participants were divided into six groups such as learner and instructor of agriculture, industry, commerce department. The result of the study can be summarized as follows: First, in the study, between the types of departments(agriculture, industry, commerce) of cognition on learner's and instructor's task solving process are differences. Second, correlation between the type of groups(learner, instructor) and type of departments(agriculture, industry, commerce) of cognition on task solving process are differences. Although the differences were insignificant for cognition of PBL's help, however, four items(accomplishment, application subject, hereafter application) showed significant differences in performances. The implication of the result indicated the cognition of PBL in the industrial highschool seem significant for departments and subjects characteristic of learning. In future research it is recommended that PBL model designs should consider components of group and department types.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.327-336
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• 2021

Objectives: This study was conducted to create a 3D printable snack dish model for the elderly with low food or fluid intake along with barriers towards eating. Methods: The decision was made by the hybrid-brainstorming method for creating the 3D model. Experts were assigned based on their professional areas such as clinical nutrition, food hygiene and chemical safety for the creation process. After serial feedback processes, the grape shape was suggested as the final model. After various concept sketching and making clay models, 3D-printing technology was applied to produce a prototype. Results: 3D design modeling process was conducted by SolidWorks program. After considering Dietary reference intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) and other survey data, appropriate supplementary water serving volume was decided as 285 mL which meets 30% of Adequate intake. To consider printing output conditions, this model has six grapes in one bunch with a safety lid. The FDM printer and PLA filaments were used for food hygiene and safety. To stimulate cognitive functions and interests of eating, numbers one to six was engraved on the lid of the final 3D model. Conclusions: The newly-developed 3D model was designed to increase intakes of nutrients and water in the elderly with dementia during snack time. Since dementia patients often forget to eat, engraving numbers on the grapes was conducted to stimulate cognitive function related to the swallowing and chewing process. We suggest that investigations on the types of foods or fluids are needed in the developed 3D model snack dish for future studies.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.38
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• pp.71-91
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• 2015

This study is a process to study the life drawing teaching method considering professional characteristics in animation and has a study objective to design the model and teaching method which applies the strategies considering the creative mechanism of the brain. Recently, study results about integrated teaching method are being announced which apply brain based learning principles as the alternative arguments about teaching methods in each area based on creativeness. In other words, integrated education based on creative mechanism in the brain is applied not only to fine arts and drawing education, but also to the entire areas of the arts. Life drawing is an area which demands comprehensive teaching method that vivid expressions could be skillfully obtained by understanding the communication methods with the objects through cognitive senses, creativeness and movements beyond the structural knowledge about human body. Therefore in this study, the strategies and methods for the skillfulness of life drawing and consequently arranged education model structure drawing are to be designed based on the creativeness, study materials and content factors which were analyzed in previous stages of this study. In order to combine the content factors based on creativeness and study materials of the brain which are the results of previous studies, the conclusion has been reached that 5 step cognitive strategy stages to wake brain senses, flexibilize the brain, purify the brain, integrate the brain and become the master of the brain. Strategic methods to execute this were designed with brain gym, right brain energization drawing and HSP(high-level cognizance) training. Teaching and learning model structure diagram which is designed based on this is to be continued to teaching and learning guidelines during the relevant semesters after the research.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.157-177
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• 2001

Modern society's technological and economical changes require high-level education that involve critical thinking, problem solving, and communication with others. Thus, today's perspective of mathematics and mathematics learning recognizes a potential symbolic relationship between concrete and abstract mathematics. If the problems engage students' interests and aspiration, mathematical problems can serve as a source of their motivation. In addition, if the problems stimulate students'thinking, mathematical problems can also serve as a source of meaning and understanding. From these perspectives, the purpose of my study is to prove that mathematical modeling tasks can provide opportunities for students to attach meanings to mathematical calculations and procedures, and to manipulate symbols so that they may draw out the meanings out of the conclusion to which the symbolic manipulations lead. The review of related literature regarding mathematical modeling and model are performed as a theoretical study. I especially concentrated on the study results of Freudenthal, Fischbein, Lesh, Disessea, Blum, and Niss's model systems. We also investigate the emphasis of mathematising, the classified method of mathematical modeling, and the cognitive nature of mathematical model. And We investigate the purposes of model construction and the instructive meaning of mathematical modeling. In conclusion, we have presented the methods that promote students' effective model construction ability. First, the teaching and the learning begins with problems that reflect reality. Second, if students face problems that have too much or not enough information, they will construct useful models in the process of justifying important conjecture by attempting diverse models. Lastly, the teachers must understand the modeling cycle of the students and evaluate the effectiveness of the models that the students have constructed from their classroom observations, case study, and interaction between the learner and the teacher.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.11-22
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• 2009

Scratch, one of the educational programming languages, provides a media-rich programming environment and easy interface to users. It supports Korean language and is utilized usefully in programming classes in elementary and middle schools. However, programming causes cognitive loads to young students. Because the programming process is a complex problem solving procedure that requires logical and abstract thinking abilities. Therefore, we developed a problem based scratch programming teaching and learning model to enhance intrinsic motivation of learners and to maximize the effects of using the scratch, educational programming language. The developed problem based teaching and learning model considered elementary students' characteristics. It was implemented in fifth grade elementary school classes and the educational effects of the model was analysed. The developed model was helpful in enhancing students' problem solving potential and logical thinking abilities.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.263-272
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• 2004

As the evolution of information and communication technologies alters the communication environment at an alarming rate, the avatar has presented itself as one of new means of communication in recent years. The Internet avatar has increasingly placed as an important profit making source of the digital contents. However, studies on how users make decision for choosing the avatar are very seldom. The aim of this study is to understand user's behaviors in the decision making process for selecting the most appropriate avatar among various choices. It also aims to identify major factors and elements for developing an avatar depending on the users purposes. A set of decision-making models, accordingly purpose model and cognitive model, as well as prototype of each model have been developed. Finally, it suggested practical guidelines for designing the avatar in conjunction with purposes of use.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.248-253
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• 2015

In order to adapt to human's life and perform missions, a humanoid robot needs a height at least similar with children's. In this paper, we proposed a humanoid robot which is like a child who is taller than 1m. We presented showing the humanoid robot's kinematics, designing of a three-dimensional model, developing mechanisms, and the hardware structures using servo motors and compact size PC. Through this process, we designed and manufactured child humanoid robot 'CHARLES(Cognitive Humanoid Autonomous Robot with Learning and Evolutionary Systems)' that is robot is 1m 10cm tall and 8.16kg in weight. For robot's walking, we applied to ZMP-based walking technique and the creation algorithm is applied for walking patterns. Through experiments, we analyzed walking patterns according to the creation and changing parameter values.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 2002

Fuzzy logic ignores some information in the reasoning process. Neural network is powerful tools for the pattern processing, but, not appropriate for the logical reasoning. To model human knowledge, besides pattern processing capability, the logical reasoning capability is equally important. Another new neural network called neural logic network is able to do the logical reasoning. Because the fuzzy inference is a fuzzy logical reasoning, we construct fuzzy inference network based on the neural logic network, extending the existing rule-inference network. And the traditional propagation rule is modified. Experiments are performed to compare search costs by sequential searching and searching by priority. The experimental results show that the searching by priority is more efficient than the sequential searching as the size of the fuzzy inference network becomes larder and an the number of searching increases.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.349-366
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• 2012

Two experiments were conducted to examine the processing of Korean compounds in relation to saisios. Saisios is a letter interposed between constituents when a phonological change takes place on the onset of the first syllable of the second constituent. This saisios rule is often violated by writers, resulting in many words having two spellings: one with saisios and the other without saisios. Among two spellings, some words are more familiar with saisios, some are usually spelled without saisios, and some are balanced. In Experiment 1 using the go/no-go lexical decision task, participants were asked to judge compounds with/without saisios. Saisios-dominant words (나뭇잎 > 나무잎) were responded faster when they appeared with saisios, whereas the opposite was true for words that usually appear without saisios (북엇국 < 북어국). In experiment 2, we presented participants compound words that were balanced on saisios. The results showed that words without saisios were responded faster than words with saisios. To summarize, the results of Experiment 1 and 2 were consistent with the APPLE model. Some problems related to the saisios rule were discussed in terms of reading process.