• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.441-451
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• 2020

The study was conducted with the aim of identifying the impact of competition anxiety on dance immersion and performance in high school students majoring in dance. As of 2020, online surveys were conducted on students majoring in dance at high schools in Seoul and the metropolitan area. A total of 222 people's data were processed by applying t-test, one-way variable analysis, correlation and multiple regression analysis through SPS 18.0 for Windows, resulting in the following conclusions. First, male students were more confident in their condition than female students, and students who recognized that their family's economic power was in the middle class were more aware. In addition, it was found that the group perceived that economic power was at the top of the list was higher than the median. Second, cognitive anxiety and self-confidence have been shown to have a static effect on immersion into dance. Third, cognitive anxiety and self-confidence have been shown to have a static effect on the achievement of uselessness. Fourth, immersion in dance appeared to be a powerful parameter related to competition anxiety and achievement of dance. To sum up the above conclusions, competition among high school students majoring in dance has been shown to increase their performance by immersing themselves in dance, but further studies of these psychological variables are expected to have side effects.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.69-89
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• 2012

This study was conducted in order to develop a Children's Playfulness Rating Scale(CPRS) and to analyze it in terms of item discrimination, validity, and reliability. The participants in this study consisted of 861 parents whose children were aged from three to six years old. The item discrimination, determined by comparing the highest and lowest group using ${\chi}^2$, Cramer's V, was found to be satisfactory. The reliability of factors, as measured by Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, ranged from .85 to .95. The results of factor analysis identified 4 factors and 35 items were then selected from the 45 items in the original scale. The four factors identified were as follows; (1) leading participation (2) cognitive flexibility (3) expression of joy (4) voluntary full immersion. Concurrent validity was also established by using correlations between the CPRS and CPS(Children's Playfulness Scale). In conclusion, these results demonstrated that the Children's Playfulness Rating Scale is both reliable and valid.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.297-304
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• 2015

Importance and necessity is enlarged due to globalization. So, English education is diverse and recently applies AR(Augmented Reality) technology to offer immersion and interest. Contents in this paper are Mobile AR contents for training infant English cognition. Our system displays teaching aid objects into 3D models, lets infants listen to English conversation and teaches them everyday English like a play. Considering infants that like games, this system adds an English game about each object of teach aids. To attract infants and parents interest persistingly, We give them immersion and interest by suggesting a different event at each step.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.259-268
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to propose a training method customized to the level of cognitive abilities to increase users' interest and engagement while using cognitive function training contents. The level of cognitive ability of the users was based on the clustering based on the users' information and Mini-Mental Statue Examination-Korea Child test score using the K-means algorithm applied collaborative filtering. The results were applied to the integrated cognitive function training system, and the contents order and difficulty level of the cognitive function training area were recommended to the user's cognitive ability level. Particularly, the contents difficulty control was designed to give a high immersion feeling by applying the 'flow theory' method that users can repeatedly feel tension and comfort. In conclusion, the user-customized cognitive function training method proposed in this paper can be expected to be more effective and rehabilitative results than existing therapists' subjective setting of contents order and difficulty level.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.18-32
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of the learning outcomes of immersive learning technologies in English language teaching (ELT). This study examined 12 articles, yielding a total of 20 effect sizes. The Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) program was employed for data analysis. The findings revealed that the overall effect size was 0.84, implying a large effect size. Additionally, the mean effect sizes of the dependent variables revealed a large effect size for both the cognitive and affective domains. Furthermore, the study analyzed the impact of moderator variables such as sample scale, technology type, tool type, work type, program type, duration (sessions), the degree of immersion, instructional technique, and augmented reality (AR) type. Among the moderators, the degree of immersion was found to be statistically significant. In conclusion, the study results suggested that immersive learning technologies had a positive impact on learning in ELT.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.85-97
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• 2001

Online games have become the focus of entertainment and multimedia industries as the developments in computer technologies are accelerated and the use of the Internet diffuses broadly. In spite of such growth of online games, academic discussions regarding online games are relatively limited. This research examines several factors that affect player loyalty to online games. In this research, the loyalty is classified into two categories, the behavioral loyalty measured by the intensity, volume, and frequency of use, and the cognitive loyalty measured by the degree of immersion in online games. In this research, an integrated model to explain and predict player loyalty to online games in proposed. Two studies are conducted to test to research model. Throughout analyzing 334 respondents, the first study finds that the impulsive personality of individual players significantly affects both behavioral loyalty and cognitive loyalty. Additionally, it finds that, whereas the behavioral loyalty is influenced by the convenience of online game playing, the cognitive loyalty is influenced by the motive of game playing and the playfulness of games. The second study finds that the behavioral loyalty differs across demographic differences of players (age and occupation), preferred online games of players, and online game playing locations, but the cognitive loyalty differs across only age differences of players. This research has opened a forum for social awareness about the online game culture, provided information to guide online game producers to prepare customer-oriented online games, and created a foundation for academic research on online game industry.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.3599-3608
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• 2014

This paper discusses the cognitive function of the image, focusing on the thought-evoking function of the image. Collages artworks were developed to determine how specifically the thought-evoking function of an image takes effect in actual cases. In addition, the cognitive responses of the research participants on the image were analyzed, centering on the thought-evoking function of the image, through an in-depth interview. The image performs the function to concentrate attention on a specific object and to process it more thoroughly. The image increases the immersion of the participants, evoked thought and activated conversation. This study probed the cognitive function of the image and is expected to greatly expand our understanding of human cognition. In particular, it is expected to provide useful insight into the integration of science and art.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.307-318
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• 2022

Virtual reality is actively used in the medical field as a learning effectiveness that induces immersion, but research on the factors that induce learning immersion is insufficient. Therefore, this study extracted the usability and cognitive affordance evaluation elements of the interface through literature research and selected four types of virtual reality medical contents to conduct a Useability-Test for experts. Based on this, an interface design method according to virtual reality medical technology content was proposed. In summary, it can be seen that the information-providing interface affects immersion due to visibility, distance from the experience's gaze, color harmony, uniform visualization, feedback, reaction speed, and expected changes resulting from manipulation, and does not impair immersion. This study has limitations in generalization using limited content, so it is expected that continuous research will discuss the development of standardized guides in interface design and the precision of interface design research from a user perspective.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.123-128
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• 2007

It has been argued that Enterprise systems (ES) implementations are overshadowed by a high failure rate despite their promised benefits. One of the commonly cited reasons for ES implementation failures in the context of mandatory use is end-user's unwillingness or sabotage to adopt or use systems. Considering that the appropriate management of expectations may play an important role in making positive behavior toward newly implemented systems, this study examines the effect of outcome expectations on the system use activity in the mandatory use context of information systems from the Social Cognitive Theory perspective. Structural equation model analysis using LISREL 8.7 provides significant support for the proposed relationships. The empirical results suggest that outcome expectations and user satisfaction have positive effects on system use activity conceptualized by immersion, reinvention, and learning. Theoretical and practical implications of the study shed some light on how to improve system use activity in the mandatory use context of information systems.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.150-161
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• 2020

Generation Z(Gen Z), which is referred to people in their late teens to early 20s, becomes one of new major consumer groups in the society. More than 80 percent Gen Z use YouTube content as a main information channel. In this study, we investigate what kind of factors make Gen Z immersed when watching YouTube content. In the background study, we examined immersion and set the cognitive conditions of immersion as reality, fascination, control, and driving as a framework for analysis of case study. In the case study, we analyzed the most popular YouTube channels of each category among the Gen Z with the established framework and then identified 3 main factors: reality, 5 senses, and unpretentiousness and 8 characteristics of them. By conducting survey with Gen Z, we wanted to verify the validity of the characteristics and find out the difference among categories. Subjects answered on a five-point scale how the characteristics of each immersion factor corresponded to their favorite channels. As a result, seven characteristics: 1) familiarity of background, 2) reality of acting, 3)familiarity of material, 4)YouTubers' appearance and 5) voice, 6)multi-sensory, and 7)YouTuber's ability to resemble viewers influenced more than 50% of users' immersion. Although there was no significant difference among categories, the familiarity of the material and the five senses stimulus (YouTube's appearance, voice, audiovisual and surrogate taste) were the most important factors in the entertainment category.