• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.1051-1060
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• 2018

본 연구는 경계선지적기능 아동의 인지훈련 프로그램으로 '언어기반 인지강화 프로그램'을 제안하고, 해당 콘텐츠를 활용한 기능성 게임화의 타당성과 효과성을 보이고자 하였다. 콘텐츠는 4개 인지 영역(감각지각, 주의집중, 작업기억, 추론/지식)에 대해 4개 언어 차원(음소-단어-문장-담화)의 활동들로 구성되었으며, 그 중 16개의 언어활동 콘텐츠를 모바일 앱 게임으로 구현하여 일반아동과 BIF아동을 대상으로 시행하였다. 파일럿 테스트 결과, 두 집단의 게임 수행시간과 정확도 측정치는 지능 점수와 상관관계를 보였으며, 게임의 난이도에 따른 수행시간과 정확도의 차이를 확인함으로써 게임 구현의 타당성을 입증할 수 있었다. 또한 게임 시행 전 후 실시한 인지과제의 수행시간 변화를 통해 두 집단 모두에게서 인지강화 효과를 엿볼 수 있었다.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.323-331
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• 2012

Purpose: Level of meta-cognition of students has been regarded as one of the crucial factors on web-based learning. This study aimed to describe interaction type in small group discussion of the nursing graduate students and to investigate learning consequences and interaction types in group discussion on meta-cognition level. Method: Twenty six graduate nursing students attending the class on-line at the K university in Seoul were included in the study. We measured their meta-cognition level and learning attitude. We also scored their individual and group reports as well as analyzed interaction type by reviewing the dialogue of the group discussion. Results: The participants showed low frequency of exploratory interaction and high frequency of integrative interaction in the cognitive interaction category. They showed frequent modification interaction in the meta-cognitive interaction category. Interestingly, the students with lower level of meta-cognition achieved significantly greater scores in the individual assignments. High functioning group consisting of the students with high meta-cognitive level produced greater group report. Conclusion: A new strategy is needed to encourage in-depth interaction in a group discussion of nursing students. Meta-cognitive level of the students should be considered to form a small group for discussion in order to improve group activities.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.211-219
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• 2016

Background: Panax ginseng root is used in traditional oriental medicine for human health. Its main active components such as saponins and polysaccharides have been widely evaluated for treating diseases, but secondary active components such as oligosaccharides have been rarely studied. This study aimed to assess the impact of water-soluble ginseng oligosaccharides (WGOS), which were isolated from the warm-water extract of Panax ginseng root, on scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in mice and its antineuroinflammatory mechanisms. Methods: We investigated the impact of WGOS on scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in mice by using Morris water maze and novel object recognition task. We also analyzed the impact of WGOS on scopolamine-induced inflammatory response (e.g., the hyperexpression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-$1{\beta}$ and IL-6 and astrocyte activation) by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) immunohistochemical staining. Results: WGOS pretreatment protected against scopolamine-induced learning and memory deficits in the Morris water maze and in the novel object recognition task. Furthermore, WGOS pretreatment downregulated scopolamine-induced hyperexpression of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$ and IL-6 mRNA and astrocyte activation in the hippocampus. These results indicate that WGOS can protect against scopolamine-induced alterations in learning and memory and inflammatory response. Conclusion: Our data suggest that WGOS may be beneficial as a medicine or functional food supplement to treat disorders with cognitive deficits and increased inflammation.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2019

Objectives: We aimed to compare preterm, neurodevelopmentally disordered and healthy full-term children. Methods: We enrolled 47 children who were born preterm, 40 neurodevelopmentally disordered children, and 80 healthy children as control participants, in order to assess the cognitive functioning and the risk of behavioral problems at the age of 5. Children were assessed using the Korean Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-4th edition (K-WPPSI-IV), the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Results: The mean K-WPPSI-IV score of the preterm group was $87.19{\pm}17.36$, which was significantly higher than that of the neurodevelopmental disorder group ($69.98{\pm}28.63$; p<0.001) but lower than that of the control group ($107.74{\pm}14.21$; p<0.001). The cumulative CBCL scores of the preterm children were not significantly different from those of the control group. Additionally, the TCI scores for reward dependence of the preterm children were higher than those of the control group. Conclusion: The cognitive performance of preterm infants was lower than that of healthy full-term infants at the age of 5, and there was an association between slower growth and decreased cognitive ability.

• 가정∙방문간호학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.252-263
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• 2023

Purpose: To assess the feasibility, safety, and preliminary estimates of effectiveness of Tai Chi on the functional outcomes of older adults in the community. Methods: This was a mixed-method study that employed a single-group repeated measure design and in-depth interviews. Nine older adults were recruited from the community were recruited to participate in a Tai Chi program, conducted twice weekly for 6 months. Research outcomes included physical function, cognitive function, and quality of life, measured at intervals of 3 and 6 months. Findings: Tai Chi exercises were gradually conducted based on the health status of the older adults. All participants actively participated in the program with an average attendance of 90%. Consequently, the participants showed significant improvements in mobility and their memory recall ability at both 3 and 6 months. Additionally, the results of the Stroop test exhibited improvement 3 months after the commencement of the study program. Quality of life of the participants improved according to the mild cognitive impairment questionnaire, but it did not show significant improvement in health-related quality of life. Conclusion: The Tai Chi exercise program was a safe and, feasible program to improve the physical function, cognitive function, quality of life among the older adults in the community.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.178-186
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• 2020

Background: Cognitive impairment is a public health burden. Our objective was to investigate associations between work hours and cognitive function. Methods: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) participants (n = 2,497; 50.7% men; age range 44-84 years) reported hours per week worked in all jobs in Exams 1 (2000-2002), 2 (2002-2004), 3 (2004-2005), and 5 (2010-2011). Cognitive function was assessed (Exam 5) using the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (version 2), a measure of global cognitive functioning; the Digit Symbol Coding, a measure of processing speed; and the Digit Span test, a measure of attention and working memory. We used a prospective approach and linear regression to assess associations for every 10 hours of work. Results: Among all participants, associations of hours worked with cognitive function of any type were not statistically significant. In occupation-stratified analyses (interaction p = 0.051), longer work hours were associated with poorer global cognitive function among Sales/Office and blue-collar workers, after adjustment for age, sex, physical activity, body mass index, race/ethnicity, educational level, annual income, history of heart attack, diabetes, apolipoprotein E-epsilon 4 allele (ApoE4) status, birth-place, number of years in the United States, language spoken at MESA Exam 1, and work hours at Exam 5 (β = -0.55, 95% CI = -0.99, -0.09) and (β = -0.80, -1.51, -0.09), respectively. In occupation-stratified analyses (interaction p = 0.040), we also observed an inverse association with processing speed among blue-collar workers (adjusted β = -0.80, -1.52, -0.07). Sex, race/ethnicity, and ApoE4 did not significantly modify associations between work hours and cognitive function. Conclusion: Weak inverse associations were observed between work hours and cognitive function among Sales/Office and blue-collar workers.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국HCI학회 2008년도 학술대회 1부
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• pp.522-527
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• 2008

사회적 감성 에이전트는 인간과 유사한 사회지능(Social Intelligence)을 가지고 있는 에이전트로서, 인간의 감정을 인지 및 학습하고 적응을 통하여 상대방의 감정과 상함에 따라 적절한 반응을 할 수 있는 능력을 가기고 있다. 이 에이전트는 인간이 에이전트를 더 살아 있는 것처럼(Believable) 느끼게 하여, 인간과 컴퓨터간의 상호작용을 도와줌으로써 인간에게 더욱더 개인화되고 적합한 서비스 창출하고 제공할 수 있는 에이전트 모델이다. 본 논문에서는 인간의 사고 과정과 동일한 3단계 사고 작용 모델(Three-Layered Affect Functioning Model)을 통해서, 에이전트가 사용자의 감정과 상황을 인식하여, 지능적 반응이나 행동을 가능하게 하는 프레임워크를 제안한다. 그리고 에이전트의 감정과 상황인식을 위해서는 심리학 모델인 OCC 모델과 결정트리 구성 알고리즘인 ID3를 활용하였다. 이를 통해서 교육, 예술, 연예, 디자인, 의료 등 다양한 분야에서 응용될 수 있는 사회적 감성지능형 에이전트를 개발할 수 있을 것으로 기대 된다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.191-201
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• 2004

Purpose: Many studies have shown that regular exercise produces positive effects on health. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences of health-related quality of life by stage of exercise and the interaction effect of age, sex and stage of exercise. Method: A total of 1266 participants were interviewed with structured questionnaire. Stage of exercise was assessed with a single item and respondents were classified with respect to exercise intention and behavior. Health-related quality of life was measured with SF-36 Health Survey Questionnaire. Result: Health-related QOL were found to be different by stage of exercise. The subjects who were reached maintenance stage showed significantly higher scores on physical functioning, bodily pain, general health perception, mental health, role limitation due to emotional problems, social functioning, and vitality than those in preparation, contemplation, and precontemplation stage. In addition a significant interaction effect between stage of exercise and age was found on physical functioning, bodily pain, general health perception, mental health, and vitality. Conclusion: Perceived health-related QOL varies with stage of exercise. This finding suggests that health is related to both intention and behavior of exercise. Therefore it is important to consider cognitive-motivational and behavioral stage of change for developing exercise programs.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1677-1684
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• 2016

Background: Among the factors reported to determine the quality of life of breast cancer patients are socio-demographic background, clinical stage, type of treatment received, and the duration since diagnosis. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the quality of life (QOL) scores among breast cancer patients at a Malaysian public hospital. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study of breast cancer patients was conducted between March to June 2013. QOL scores were determined using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) and its breast cancer supplementary measure (QLQ-BR23). Both the QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BR23 assess items from functional and symptom scales. The QLQ-C30 in addition also measures the Global Health Status (GHS). Systematic random sampling was used to recruit patients. Results: 223 breast cancer patients were recruited with a response rate of 92.1%. The mean age of the patients was 52.4 years (95% CI = 51.0, 53.7, SD=10.3). Majority of respondents are Malays (60.5%), followed by Chinese (19.3%), Indians (18.4%), and others (1.8%). More than 50% of respondents are at stage III and stage IV of malignancy. The mean Global Health Status was 65.7 (SD = 21.4). From the QLQ-C30, the mean score in the functioning scale was highest for 'cognitive functioning' (84.1, SD=18.0), while the mean score in the symptom scale was highest for 'financial difficulties' (40.1, SD=31.6). From the QLQ-BR23, the mean score for functioning scale was highest for 'body image' (80.0, SD=24.6) while the mean score in the symptom scale was highest for 'upset by hair loss' (36.2, SD=29.4). Two significant predictors for Global Health Status were age and employment. The predictors explained 10.6% of the variation of global health status ($R^2=0.106$). Conclusions: Age and employment were found to be significant predictors for Global Health Status (GHS). The Quality of Life among breast cancer patients reflected by the GHS improves as age and employment increases.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권8호
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• pp.163-176
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• 2017

본 연구는 여성 갑상선 암환자의 불안, 우울, 불확실성, 사회적 지지와 삶의 질의 정도를 파악하고, 불안, 우울, 불확실성, 사회적 지지가 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 수행되었다. 본 연구는 서술적 조사연구로 2014년 4월부터 10월까지 불안, 우울, 불확실성, 사회적지지, 삶의 질 측정도구를 이용하여 설문조사를 시행하였다. 연구대상자는 갑상선암을 진단 또는 치료받고 일 병원 내분비외과 외래를 방문중인 갑상선암 환자를 편의 표출하였으며, 자료수집이 완료된 106명의 자료를 SPSS 22.0을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과 대상자의 삶의 질은 중간정도로 나타났으며, 불안은 신체기능과 정서기능, 사회기능에 유의하게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 불확실성은 신체기능과 인지기능에 유의하게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 통해 드러난 여성 갑상선암 환자들의 삶의 질 향상을 위해 불안과 불확실성을 감소시키기 위한 중재방안의 모색이 필요하다. 또한 후속 연구들에서는 보다 다양한 환경과 다양한 치료시기의 대상자를 표집하여 삶의 질에 대한 영향요인을 융복합적인 측면에서 파악할 필요가 있다.