• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.216-228
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• 1996

The purposes of this study were to investigate levels of physical, cognitive, and social functioning in institutionalized elderly. The subjects were 78 residents of a nursing home for the elderly in Pusan. The data were collected from June 24th to July 8th, 1996 using interview and observational method. The structured questionnaires developed by Kim, by Kwon & Park, and by researcher were adopted to measure physical, cognitive, and social function, respectively. The data were analyzed using percentages, means, t test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, Cronbach's alpha with the SPSS PC programs. The results were summarized as follows: 1. 34.2% of the subjects had a paralysis, strokes 26.3%, hearing impairment 15.9%, vision impairment 11.8%, mental disturbance 11.8%, cognitive disturbance 10.5%. 2. The mean score on the physical function for the subjects was 73.14, and the items with low functioning levels were 'ascending the stairs', 'bathing' in that order. There was no significant difference in physical function according to the following demographic characteristics: sex, age, and education level. 3. 50.0% of subjects was categorized 'definite dementia', 'questionable dementia' 11.5%, 'definite non-dementia' 38.5%. There was a significant difference in cognitive function according to sex, but were no significant differences according to following demographic characteristics: age and education level. 4. The mean score on the social function for the subjects was 17.60. The items with comparatively high score were in simple activities such as 'enjoying talking with his friends', 'watching TV or listening to the radio', and the items with low score were in complex activities such as 'enjoying a hobby',. 'enjoying a game', 'reading the newspaper or book'. There were no significant differences in social function according to sex and age, but was a significant difference according to education level. 5. Social function was positively correlated with both physical function and cognitive function.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.76-87
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• 2012

This study examined Korean and the U.S.A..'s television anti-smoking advertisements that were coined to discourage adults and teens smoking. A content analysis of 71 television advertisements listed in the "Smoking Guidance Program" operated by Korea Health Promotion Foundation. This study evaluated to detect whether the advertising content reflected core health communication theories such as health belief model, theory of reasoned action, and social cognitive theory used in the designing of anti-smoking ad message to change behavior and attitudes toward smoking unfavorably. The results showed that Korean anti-smoking ads mostly relied on social norm messages, followed by smoking attitude. The message of modeling and self-efficacy was least used; while, the U.S.A. ads focused more on modeling and self efficacy. This difference comes from the cultural difference. Namely, Korea focused more on collectivism rather than individualism. The anti-smoking ads of Korea and the U.S.A. most frequently adopted horror and humor rather than sadness, no appeal, and angry. The ads targeted more on adults rather than teens. The research identifies the types of advertisements that are most likely to utilized and underutilize in the Korea and U.S.A. anti-smoking ads and contribute to further understandings of anti-smoking ads theoretically.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.37
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• pp.377-417
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• 2007

This study examines some cognitive development effects of mass media while testing the relations between mass media consumption and academic achievement and intelligence. In this research, students' television, newspaper, and internet consumption behaviors are used as independent variables which include motivations and magnitude of various content categories' and total consumption of those media. Dependent variables are school courses' test scores and eight intelligence scores based on Howard Gardner's multiple intelligence theory. It was found that media consumption magnitudes of various content categories have the most strong effects on those dependent variables. Each of various media consumption behaviors are found to have different effects according to which variable is dependent. For example, total internet consumption have positive effects on logical-mathematical intelligence but negative effects school achievements. Internet game sight have positive effects on logical-mathematical intelligence but negative effects on musical intelligence. It may be concluded that cognitive development is dependent mainly on what media contents students consume. Media consumption behaviors may have positive effects on some kinds of cognitive development and negative effects on other kinds. In other words, television or internet may have positive effects on academic achievement or intelligence contrary to popular thinking.

• Broadcasting and Media Magazine
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.14-36
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• 2007

다양한 무선 통신 서비스의 등장으로 주파수 자원의 수요가 급증하여 스펙트럼 이용 효율을 극대화하기 위한 새로운 기술 개발의 필요성이 대두되고 있으며, 이에 대한 기술로 Cognitive Radio (CR) 기술이 주목받고 있다. CR 기술은 선택된 주파수 대역에 최적의 QoS를 제공하기 위해서는 먼저 주파수 환경에 적응성을 갖는 스펙트럼 센싱 (Spectrum Sensing) 기술이 필요하며, CR 기술이 적용된 무선 브로드밴드 네트워크 (AWBN : Adaptive Wireless Broadband Network) 모듈은 최근 각광받고 있는 방통융합 솔루션의 Hot Issue인 QoS 보장 홈네트워크 기반의 멀티미디어 전송(TV Portal Service)용 네트워크에 최적화된 솔루션으로 활용될 것으로 기대하고 있을 뿐만 아니라, IEEE 802.22 그룹에서 연구되고 있는 비어있는 TV 대역 및 마이크로폰 대역에 활용될 뿐만 아니라, 기존의 Mobile WiMax에 의한 브로드밴드 네트워크에도 활용 가능하다. 본 고에서는 IEEE 802.22/16d 시스템 규격에 의해 개발된 AWBN 시스템 개발 내용을 기술한다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.5A
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• pp.536-542
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• 2011

For efficient utilization of spectrum resources in TV white space after DTV transition, FCC allowed usage of the spectrum for CR system. The CR system is required to cognize channel usage state for utilizing the unused spectrum in TV white space which coexists various primary and secondary systems. In the meantime, as a demand for high throughput communication had been increased recently, CR systems also consider to adopt channel bonding technology, thus spectrum sensing for channel bonded system is essentially required. In this paper, we propose a novel spectrum sensing algorithm for channel bonding system using a single channel receiver. For IEEE 802.l1af signal, the proposed algorithm provide detection probability of 90% with false alarm probability 10% at SNR -18dB for single channel system and at SNR -7dB for 8 channel bonded system, respectively. Utilizing the proposed scheme, we can detect channel bonded signal using only a single receiver, therefore system overhead for spectrum sensing can be reduced significantly.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.309-319
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• 2015

The purpose of this research was to find out the structural relationship and difference soccer and baseball during TV sport broadcasting of advertising for consumer attitude relation of advertising, advertising avoid, perceived intrusiveness in order to help for advertising strategy and giving for good image to sport viewer by advertising media. In this study, 275 surveys were collected and the participants were university student in B metropolitan city using convenience sampling method. The questionnaires were written using self-administration method. The confirmatory factor analysis and the structural equation model were done using IBM AMOS 20. The reliability analysis, descriptive analysis, frequency analysis, independent t-test and correlation were done using IBM SPSS Statistics 21. The results were as follows: First, cognitive avoidance and physical avoidance was shown that baseball viewer was higher than football viewer. Advertising attitude and perceived intrusiveness was shown the baseball viewer and football viewer not different. Second, perceived intrusiveness had effect advertising attitude. Third, perceived intrusiveness had effect avoidance(physical avoidance, cognitive avoidance). Fourth, advertising attitude had effect on advertising cognitive avoidance. Fifth, advertising attitude had not effect on advertising physical avoidance.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.161-175
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• 1998

As organizations have come to be more complex and diverse, management has come to spend an increasing proportion of its time and efforts in handling organization conflict. Moreover, organizational conflict problems are often not recognized until the balance of interests is destroyed or a radical organizational change such as BPR takes place. Once an organizational conflict arises, however, it reduces corporate synergy seriously, leading to organizational ineffectiveness. Therefore, it is important to identify the cause of organizational conflict in advance and resolve it based on the proper diagnosis as early as possible lest it should undermine the organizational effectiveness. We propose a method that facilitates diagnosing potential organizational conflict and determining appropriate strategy to the conflict, based on the analysis of cognitive maps. To support the application of the method in the real world context, a computerized tool is introduced. The working procedures of the method and the features of the tool are illustrated with their application to the real case of the cable TV home shopping company.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.828-834
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• 2007

Lately the usage of multimedia equipment with small LCD displays is rapidly increasing. Although many people use devices like cell phone and PDA, videos intended for TV or HDTV are sent to these mobile devices. Therefore, situation where it is hard for the user to view the desired scenes are growing more frequent. Currently, most services simply reduce the size of the content to fit the screen when they offer it for mobile devices. However, especially with sports broadcasts, there are many areas that cannot be seen very well because it was simply reduced in size. We are suggesting new motion how to let the user choose an area of interest based on Cognitive lattice. And present then sending it to the user in a way based on Focus Of Choice that fits the device.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Cognitive Science Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.66-71
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 멀티 모달리티가 인간의 기억 현상 중에서 특히 회상 현상에 도움이 될 것이 라는 아이디어를 인간 실험과 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통해서 비교 확인한다. 우리는 순차적 멀티모달리티 정보가 기억회상 현상에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해서 확률 하이퍼그래프 메모리모델을 사용하여 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 수행하였으며, 시뮬레이션 결과를 동일한 데이터를 사용한 인간 실험 결과와 비교하였다. 본 실험에서는 TV 드라마의 비디오 데이터를 이용하여 이전시점의 사진과 문장 정보가 다음 시점의 문장 생성에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다. 본 실험의 목적은 이전 시점의 문장 정보와 문장/사진 정보를 활용하여 멀티 모달리티의 영향을 확인하는 것이며 다양한 시점의 정보를 활용하여 순차성이 회상에 갖는 영향을 확인하는 것이다. 이를 통해서 기억 회상 현상에 있어서 멀티 모달리티가 미치는 영향과 순차적 데이터가 미치는 영향을 보일 수 있었으며, 기계를 통해서 인간의 기억 회상 현상을 재현할 수 있는 시뮬레이션 모델을 구현 하는데 실마리를 제공하였다.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.518-526
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• 2006

Science career education is for every student as well as for students who want to become scientists. In this study, we developed and applied science career education materials using TV programs which showed successful application of science in industry and business. The effects of the programs were surveyed mainly by questionnaire on 'Science Career Orientation', which have four categories.Video materials using TV programs were effective in changing science career orientation (p<0.05) of junior high school students, but only when the teacher added some cognitive explanation on the scientific concept involved. Providing only video materials were not enough to make meaningful change on science career orientation. The results implied science career education should be linked with science teaching and learning. It also showed the possibility and the way of using informal education like TV program in science career education.