• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.201-208
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• 2017

Background: Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv. or Vietnamese ginseng (VG) is a recently discovered ginseng species. Studies on its chemical constituents have shown that VG is remarkably rich in ginseng saponins, particularly ocotillol saponins. However, the psychopharmacological effects of VG have not been characterized. Thus, in the present study we screened the psychopharmacological activities of VG in mice. Methods: VG extract (VGE) was orally administered to mice at various dosages to evaluate its psychomotor (open-field and rota-rod tests), sedative-hypnotic (pentobarbital-induced sleeping test), anti-stress (cold swimming test), anxiolytic (elevated plus-maze test), and cognitive (Y-maze and passive-avoidance tests) effects. Results: VGE treatment increased the spontaneous locomotor activity, enhanced the endurance to stress, reduced the anxiety-like behavior, and ameliorated the scopolamine-induced memory impairments in mice. In addition, VGE treatment did not alter the motor balance and coordination of mice and did not potentiate pentobarbital-induced sleep, indicating that VGE has no sedative-hypnotic effects. The effects of VGE were comparable to those of the Korean Red Ginseng extract. Conclusion: VG, like other ginseng products, has significant and potentially useful psychopharmacological effects. This includes, but is not limited to, psychomotor stimulation, anxiolytic, antistress, and memory enhancing effects.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2000

The Low Birth Weight infant birth rate in this country is a little more than 15 percent and is being increased. The survival rate of Low Birth Weight infant is over 90 percent and recently the rate runs is getting. However, because of the high risk of Low Birth Weight infant for handicap in growth, a preventive nursing intervention program for Low Birth Weight infant and their mother is considered to be necessary. Touch and massage, thus sensory stimulation has been considered to be important ensuring a normal growth of Low Birth Weight infant During the past decades sensory stimulation program has been used for premature and Low Birth Weight infants. Recently a study on the sensory stimulation for Low Birth Weight infants has bee n done in this country. Mother and infant relationship has a great influence on child's development. Especially, mother and infant interaction during one year after birth plays important role in child's social. affective and cognitive developments. But in the study of Low Birth Weight infants, the mother and infant interaction has been rare yet. However, there was no study effectiveness of the sensory stimulation on mother and infant interaction. In this respect, this study based on the importance of the nursing intervention, is intended to measure the effectiveness of the massage therapy in the aspects of weight, daily feeding amount, cortisolurine stress hormone and mother and infant interactions. This study has been conducted on the nonequivalent control group pretestposttest design in quasi experimental basis and Low Birth Weight infants from NICU of two Medical University Hospitals located in Taegu Metropolitan were selected in experimental group of 21 infants and control group of 20 infants. Data has been collected from May 1, 1999 to September 5, 2000. For the experimental group Field's sensory stimulation(tactile and kinesthetic stimulation) was applied 2 times a day for 10 days(10:00 - 11:00 hours in the morning and 19:00 - 20:00 in the afternoon) by nurse and mother. The electronic indicator scale (Cas Co. Korea) was used to measure infant's body weight. To determine urine cortisol concentration level under stress, rad immuno assay method was used. And to determine mother and infant interactions during feeding, tools developed by Kim Mi-Ye (1999) were used. Collected data were analyzed with SAS program using x-test, t-test, paired t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. Findings were as follows : 1. For the daily mean weight gain, the experimental group showed little higher than the control group, even though, there was no Statistically significant differences between two groups. 2. For the amount of daily mean feeding, the experimental group showed little higher than the control group, while there was no Statistically significant differences between two groups. 3. The level of wine cortisol concentration was increased in both groups, while no Statistical significance was shown between the two groups. 4. Mothers in experimental group were more likely to have higher mean scores in mother and infant interaction during feeding than mothers in the control group. Statistical significance was shown between the two groups(t= 5.78, P=.001). In conclusion, the massage therapy in this study showed with regard to even though through there was no statistically significance in the weight gain and urine stress hormone concentration. there was Statistical significantly higher in the mother and infant interaction during feeding. Based on the result of this study, it is considered that the massage therapy should be applied clinical practice and home to help a developmental growth and interaction of Low Birth Weight infants and mothers during the period of recovery.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.253-276
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• 2002

Mother and infant relationship has a great influence on child's developments. Expecially, mother and infant relationship is affected by mother and infant interactions during one year after birth and an omen of mother-infant interaction after birth is mother-fetus interaction. This study was conducted to develop mother-fetus interaction promotion program of talking and tactual stimulation aimed at enhancing sensitivity of primiparas and to evaluate the effect of the nursing intervention program on mother-fetus interaction and mother-infant play interaction. Non-eguivalent control group posttest design was used, and Blumer's symbolic interaction theory and Barnard's mother-infant interaction model was used a conceptual framework of this study. Fifty primiparas and infant(26 mother-infant dyads for intervention group and 24 dyads for control group) were recruited from three general hospital and an OBGY clinic located in Kwang Nung city. Data was collected from January 30th to December 20th in 2001. For the intervention group, programed education which focused on mother-fetus interaction in the 1st trimester. Telephone counselling was provided with interval of two weeks. For two groups, home visiting for data collection of mother- fetus interaction was conducted at 36 to 38 weeks of gestational age. And mother-infant play interactions were assessed at 4 to 6 weeks after birth using videotapes. Play situations were videotaped and two trained observers analyzed the tapes. The data were analyzed using chi-square test and Fisher's Exact Test to test the equivalence of two groups, and the effect of intervention progrom was determined with t-test and Wilcoxon Rank Sum test. The results were as follows: 1. The significant difference was found in mother-fetus interaction between two groups(t=2.085, P=0.0425). It indicated that intervention progrom was effective in improving mother-fetus interaction. 2. The significant difference was found in mother-infant play interaction between two groups(W=347.5, P=0.0001). In subscale analysis, three subscales showed significant differences between the groups: interactional behavior of mother(t=5.921, P=0.0001), interactional behavior of infant(t=5.736, P= 0.0000), and synchronic interactional behavior of mother and infant(t=7.940, P= 0.0000). In conclusion, this study has shown that the applied nursing intervention aimed at enhancing sensitivity of primiparas promoted mother-fetus interaction and mother-infant play interaction. Therefore, this study suggests that this nursing interventions to increase maternal sensitivity to the fetus's movement should be broadly applied to primiparas, which can be beneficial for formation of mother - infant relationship, and for promotion the social, affective, and cognitive developments of their children.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 고등학생의 학업성취 정도를 토대로 세 집단(영재, 고성취 평재, 저성취 평재)간 유능감, 학업동기 및 학습전략에 차이를 보이는지, 그리고 이들 변인들 중 어떠한 특성이 유능감을 유의미하게 예측해주는지를 탐색하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 표집대상은 경기도에 소재한 영재학교 1개교, 고성취 평재 집단과 저성취 평재 집단으로 분류된 일반 고등학교 2개교에 재학 중인 학생 총 600명이었으며, 이들 중 회수된 489명(회수율 81.5%)을 최종 분석대상으로 하였다. 이들의 평균 나이는 만 17.20세(표준편차= 3.38)였다. 학생들의 유능감과 학업동기(내재적 동기, 외재적 동기, 무동기), 학습전략(초인지, 자기점검, 전략형성)을 측정한 결과, 유능감은 내재적 외재적 학업동기의 모든 하위요인 및 학습전략과 유의한 정적 상관을 보인 반면, 학업동기 중 '무동기' 요인과는 유의한 부적 상관을 보였다. 또한, 성취 수준에 따른 학생들의 유능감, 학업동기, 학습전략이 유의한 차이를 보이는지 살펴보기 위해 다변량 분석을 수행한 결과 '투사된 외재 학업동기'를 제외한 모든 변인에서 성취 수준에 따른 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 볼 때, 학생들의 학업 동기를 향상시키고, 다양하고 적극적인 학습 전략을 사용하여 학업 성취를 높이기 위해서는 학생들의 유능감을 증진시키는 것이 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 본 연구결과는 성취수준이 뛰어난 영재학생은 물론 성취수준이 높은 고성취 평재와 성취수준이 낮은 저성취 평재 학생들의 유능감 향상방안을 강구하는 데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.5005-5011
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• 2011

본 연구는 자기공명영상을 이용한 뇌 언어 인지기능의 영상화에 있어서 기존의 text를 이용한 자극방법의 단점을 개선하기 위하여 음절이나 단어에 부합하는 image를 자체 개발하여 적용함으로써 인지기능 영상화 구현의 타당성을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 2011년 3월부터 동년 5월까지 언어기능검사가 필요한 성인 5명을 대상으로 text를 이용한 자극방법과 text를 대체한 image를 이용한 자극방법으로 나누어 각각 3회 시행하였다. 실험 장비는 3.0T 초전도 자기공명영상장치와 Invivo사의 Eloquene를 이용하였고, EPI-BOLD 기법으로 기능적 자기공명영상을 획득하였다. 영상의 후처리는 SPM 99를 이용하여 각 자극별로 95%의 신뢰수준에서 활성화 신호를 결정하였고, 관심영역인 Broca's area의 활성화 cluster 수와 활성화도를 비교하였다. 연구결과, 5명 모두 관심 영역인 Broca's area에서 활성화를 보였으며, 활성화 cluster 수와 활성화도는 약간의 차이가 있었으나, 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 결론적으로 image를 이용한 자극방법은 언어장벽이 있더라도 image 자체가 쉽게 인지할 수 있는 공통된 인식표기 수단이고 단어나 음절보다 시각적 효과가 크므로 인지기능이 저하된 외국인이나 문맹자나 영유아, 장애자, 노약자 등의 검사시 text를 이용한 자극방법의 대체가 가능하리라 사료된다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈E:수학교육논문집
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.85-99
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• 2016

본 연구는 노인 학습자를 대상으로 스마트 기기를 활용하여 수학학습 활동을 할 수 있는 수학 앱 구현의 일환으로 진행되었다. 실버 세대와 같이 아직은 스마트 기기에 익숙하지 않은 사람들에게는 학습을 위한 적합한 행동유발의 기능이 무엇보다 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 스마트 기기를 활용한 수학학습의 자료에서 교육의 목적을 달성하면서도 사용자의 편의성을 증진시키기 위하여 노인 학습자의 특성을 고려한 어포던스 설계를 구축하고자 하였다. 이러한 설계 가이드라인 제시를 위하여 시니어 스마트 교육 시스템의 어포던스를 증진시킬 수 있는 인지적, 물리적, 감각적, 어포던스의 특징 및 요소를 제시하였다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.789-796
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• 2015

Fighter pilot's ability to maintain both mental and physical capabilities in highly stressful situations is important for aviation safety as well as mission performance because pilot may confront frequently unexpected physical and psychological stimulation. Cumulative psychological stress and physical fatigue can be causes of mood distortion, declined alertness, and can lead to reduction of combat capability. We have investigated bio-signals and performance tests to monitor stress and fatigue levels, and developed a system to evaluate aviation mission suitability before flight. This study elucidated that stress and fatigue level of pilot can be monitored by psychomotor cognitive test(PCT) and heart rate variability(HRV), and that the best of reference for aviation mission suitability was confidential interval obtained from cumulative data of individuals. The system to evaluate aviation mission suitability was constructed with measuring part with PCT and HRV and control part with DB and algorithm.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.99-111
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• 2011

Relations between mother-infant interactive behaviors and parenting-related variables were analyzed in a sample of 72 infants (35 boys and 37 girls, average age=31 mo.) and their mothers in Ulsan, Korea. Parents' views on children, parenting stress, fathers' participation in parenting and social support were measured using questionnaires and mother-infant interactive behaviors were observed using the 3-bags test. Among the parenting-related variables, parents' views on children were related significantly with mothers' emotional expressions & infant's participation with mothers. Social support was correlated with mother's behaviors, including positive rewards and emotional expressions. Mother-infant interactive behaviors were closely correlated with one another: Mothers' positive behaviors such as overall reactivity and cognitive stimulation were correlated positively with infants' positive behaviors, including sustained attention and positive affect. Future studies will provide us with greater insights into the mechanisms underlying the effects of these parenting-related variables on infant behavior and development.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.271-301
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• 2013

The purpose of the study was to investigate how students generalize and prove the factoring of $x^n-1$ using a Computer Algebra System application and the role of CAS in this process. The theoretical framework consists of the anthropological and the instrumental approach. In particular, the basis of the Task-Technique-Theorization(T-T-T) frame adapted form Chevallard's anthropological approach of Didactics is utilized. We found that Technique-Theorization emerges in mutual interaction between paper-and-pencil techniques and computer algebra techniques. And this interaction led to the students' theoretical reflection and conceptual understanding. In this process, we could identify three epistemic role of CAS : the role of checking the result, the role of cognitive stimulation and the role of extending thinking. Therefore CAS plays on a epistemic role of checking the result of a task, stimulating the student' cognition and extending their thinking as well as pragmatic role of producing the result of a input.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.358-371
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• 2012

The main purpose of this study was to examine elementary teachers' visual attention that appears in science textbook tables. This paper proposed that teachers' cognitive effectiveness can be different by the presence or absence of the title of tables. The eye fixation data of participants are collected by the eye tracker apparatus. Participants in this study were 10 elementary school teachers and the table on the 2007 revised science textbooks were selected as experimental stimuli. Information about eye-fixations are recorded when subjects are given 4 tables by eye tracker. Eye-fixation time as well as the ratio and the number of fixation can be obtained by using the eye tracker but also we can acquire a significant conclusion through these outcomes. As the result of the experiment, it took less time to interpret in the presence of the title than in the absence of it. However, this result is only effective only for the interpretation of simple stimulus; the presence of title does not influence on fixation time in the analysis of complicated stimulation. This study showed that it is better to insult the title in the tables because it helps teachers to recognize contents of the tables effectively.