• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.49-62
• /
• 2004

purpose: The study was done to analyze the concept of moral distress in nurses. Method: The Hybrid Model was used in this study. For the theoretical phase, nursing and other literature were reviewed to analyze attributes and develop a working definition of the concept, moral distress in nurses. For the fieldwork phase, In-depth interviews were conducted with six nurses. Results: Four higher level concepts of moral distress in nurses were found; situational, cognitive, behavioral, and emotional, and 8 subscales, negative medical behavior, negative nursing behavior, excessive economic load, irrational organization administration, internal restraints, external restraints, negative behavioral responses, and negative emotional responses. Conclusion: it is necessary to develop programs of arbitration that will lessen the moral distress in nurses working in clinical practice.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.50 no.4
• /
• pp.619-626
• /
• 2018

Most publications confirm that an ecological interface is a very efficient tool to supporting operators in recognition of complex and unusual situations and in decision-making. The present article describes the experience of implementation of an ecological interface concept for visualization of material balance in a drum separator of RBMK-type NPPs. Functional analysis of the domain area was carried out and revealed main factors and contributors to the balance. The proposed ecological display was designed to facilitate execution of the most complicated cognitive operations, such as comparison, summarizing, prediction, etc. The experimental series carried out at NPPs demonstrated considerable reduction of operators' mental load, time of reaction, and error rate.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.5 no.10
• /
• pp.1799-1813
• /
• 2011

Many researches indicate that programming learning could help improve problem solving skills through algorithmic thinking. But in general, programming learning has been focused on programming language features and it also gave a heavy cognitive load to learners. Therefore, this paper proposes a programming activity process to improve novice programming learners' algorithmic thinking efficiently. An experiment was performed to measure the effectiveness of the proposed programming activity process. After the experiment, the learners' perception on programming was shown to be changed, to effective activity in improving problem solving.

• The Mathematical Education
• /
• v.46 no.2 s.117
• /
• pp.155-171
• /
• 2007

One second grader, Junsu, was observed 4 times before and after formal multiplication lesson in Grade 2. This study describes how solution strategies in multiplication problems develop over time and investigates awareness of the relation between situation and computation in simple measurement and partitive division problems as informally experienced. It was found that Junsu used additive calculation for small-number multiplication problems but could not solve large-number multiplication problems and that he did not have concept of mathematical terms at first interview stage. After formal teaching, Junsu learned a variety of multiplication solution strategies and transferred from additive calculation to multiplicative calculation. The cognitive processing load of each strategy was gradually reduced. Junsu experienced measurement division as a dealing strategy and partitive division as a estimate-adjust strategy dealing more than one object in the first round.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2015.04a
• /
• pp.779-781
• /
• 2015

최근 여러 매체에서 화두가 되고 있는 자율 주행 자동차나 Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS)과 같은 분야에서 보행자 검출 기술은 핵심 요소 기술 중에 하나로 손꼽히고 있다. 특히, 인간의 인지 부하(Cognitive Load)를 고려했을 때, 주행 중에 발생할 수 있는 모든 사건을 다룬다는 것은 매우 어렵기 때문에, 앞서 언급한 방법의 도움을 받아 도로 주행 중에 발생 될 수 있는 인명 사고율을 줄이고자 하는데 그 목적이 있다. 본 논문에서는 Integral Channel Feature를 사용하여 AdaBoost 알고리즘으로 보행자 검출을 위한 분류기를 구현하였다. 그 결과, INRIA에서 제공되는 Pedestrian dataset에서 Detection rate는 97%이상, False positive는 1%에 정도로 나타났다.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.815-824
• /
• 2021

Based on the theory of space perception, this paper concludes that the mixed reality application under the theory of space perception has a three-level definition of visual hierarchy and then analyzes the component elements of interface design and the classification mode of interface windows. Next, carry out case practice research through this theoretical definition, and finally conduct the survey and analysis of questionnaire data, verifying that the mixed reality interface design based on spatial perception theory meets the user experience elements of Usability, Availability, and Attraction. The conclusion is that the constituent elements of interface design and the window classification mode can provide specific and practical design specifications for mixed reality interface design, reduce the interaction cost of completing tasks, reduce users' cognitive load, and make it easier for users to receive interface information

• Journal of Information Technology Services
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.127-143
• /
• 2022

In this study, a usability evaluation tool was developed for "ICANDUINO", a VR-based mobile application for maker education, and usability evaluation was conducted with a heuristic survey method for experts. The usability evaluation tool was derived through literature review and validated by two experts. It consisted of seven domains (effectiveness, efficiency, satisfaction, learnability, memorability, error, and cognitive load) and twenty-five sub-items. As a result of the usability evaluation conducted for six experts, it received the highest score in the domain of efficiency and the lowest score in the domain of error. The improvements of ICANDUINO were derived by analyzing the qualitative opinions of experts in each of the four stages (training, coding, tinkering, and testing) of making. the results of this study can be used as a guideline when evaluating the usability of a mobile app for education.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.163-174
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to apply a variety of criteria to analyzing mobile applications for early childhood education, which are now available in application market, and was also to explore how the developmental characteristics and multimedia content characteristics of early childhood could be applied to mobile applications for early childhood education. To meet these purposes, this study targeted total 61 applications for infancy education in terms of mobile applications loaded on online education categories such as iPhone App Store and Android Market. Based on analytic criteria on the foundation of content type by learning type, cognitive load theory and multimedia design principle, this study analyzed those applications for early childhood. As a result, it was found that there were needs to develop a little more various categories of applications, and there were also needs to develop such applications that they can make the best use of smart phone's performance, comply with multimedia design principles but avoid any imprudent use of multimedia.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.253-282
• /
• 2010

Two experiments were conducted to explore the effects of anaphora and demonstrative ellipsis on reference resolution. This study assumed that two type of ellipsis could be sensitive to antecedents' saliency: the reverse typicality and mention order of antecedents. The muti-task approach measured the antecedent's activation level and processing load for the conflict resolution of theories of anaphoric resolution. In Experiment 1, using ellipsis for anaphora, participants read a series of sentence pairs by self-paced and performed a probe recognition test. The results showed the main effects of antecedent's typicality and mention order in both tasks. In Experiment 2, using noun phrase without demonstrative for anaphora, participants read a series of sentence pairs by self-paced and performed a probe recognition test. The results showed main effects of mention order of antecedents for probe recognition task only. The first antecedent was recognized faster than the second one. The results of two experiments suggested that anaphora type and antecedent's saliency were dynamically interact in reference resolution for Korean.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.37-46
• /
• 2008

Using robots in the programming classes may help to induce learners' interest and motivation. However, simple introduction of new media, such as robots, may cause to increase learners' interest level temporarily, but also may give cognitive overload and offense against learning motivation. We developed a robot programming course to induce intrinsic motivation and to reduce cognitive load for learners in the programming education. And then, we implemented the developed course in college programming classes and analysed the educational effects of robot programming learning on novice learners' flow level. We found that robot programming course was helpful in enhancing novice learners' flow level. Especially, the element of 'autotelic experience', which explains an intrinsic motivation, was higher than conventional programming course group. It means that the developed strategies for robot programming course provides positive effects on learners' intrinsic motivation.