• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.297-302
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• 2011

This study was carried out to estimate average inbreeding coefficients, relatedness and effective population size of breeding bulls and to suggest optimal alternatives on problems of current Hanwoo improvement system. Data on proven and young bulls were obtained from 1,128 heads of Livestock Improvement Main Center from 1983 to 2008. Pedigree information on proven and young bulls was obtained from 3,760 heads of Korea Animal Improvement Association. Average inbreeding coefficients and average relatedness of proven and young bulls were estimated at the range of 0.04-0.07%, 0.10-6.82%, respectively. Effective population size was estimated for 220 heads from the average rate of inbreeding of last 26 years. Average inbreeding coefficient is rising rapidly for the last two years as well as average relatedness. Effective population size was estimated for 47 heads for the last five years. These results suggest that selection criteria of proven bulls should include not only genetic evaluation of carcass performance from progeny-test, but also inbreeding and relationship coefficients, in order to maintain genetic variability of Hanwoo. In addition, effective population size should be increased by increasing the number of proven bulls.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.321-330
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• 1999

Nematodes were isolated using silkwom trap through the investigation of 100 soil samples from various biotopes in Korea. The 30 nematode strains from soil and dead insects by the pathogenicity aganinst silkworms (Bombyx mori mori) and insect pests of Calliphora vomitoria, Pseufazetia separata, Palomena angulosa, and Melolontha incana. Mortailty of the silkworm larvae and pupae were as high as 100% by nematode infection, those of insect of pests were varied from 20 to 100%. The 30 strains of entemopathogenic nematodes were classified into five groups of Rhabditidae, Diplogatroidae, Heterorhabitidae, Steinernematidae, and Tylenchida by morphological criteria. The genetic relationships among the 30 nematode strains were analyzed by various RAPD bands with twenty primers. The 30 nematode strains were classified into six major subgroups on the basis of the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.853. The grouping by RAPD was agree with those of morphological taxa in discrimination of the higher group, however, was not completely agree in the subgroup. The family Steinernematidae belong to Rhabditida was clarified as closer to the Tylenchida, rather than the other Rhabditida of Heterorhabitidae, Rhabditidae, and Diplogatroidae in genetic distance valule. From the result of the morphological classification and RAPD of the genomic DNA showed that genetic relationship analysis furnish infurmation on phylogenetic classification and relationships of entomopathogenic nematodes. The application of genetic similarity will overcome the limitation of taxonomy and classification of morphologically simple nematode. Several primers were confirmed those utility of identification for individual nematode strains, the methods of molecular genetics secured the simplicity, rapidity and accuracy on the selection of entomopathogenic nematodes.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.845-854
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• 2003

In this paper, the characteristics of compensation for WDM channel signal distortion due to both chromatic dispersion and Ken effect in 1,000 km 200 Gbps(5${\times}$40 Gbps) WDM systems was investigated. The WDM system has a path-averaged intensity approximation(PAIA) mid-span spectral inversion(MSSI) as a compensation method. This system has a highly nonlinear dispersion shifted fiber(HNL-DSF) optical phase conjugator(OPC) in the mid-way of transmission line. In order to evaluate the degree of compensation, 1 dB eye opening penalty(EOP), bit error rate(BER) characteristics and power penalty of 10$\^$-9/ BER are used. It is confirmed that HNL-DSF is an useful nonlinear medium in OPC fur wideband WDM system with PAIA MSSI and that the optimal compensation for WDM channel distortion is achieved by the selection of pump light power of OPC, which equalize the conjugated light power into the second half fiber section with the input WDM signal light power depending on total transmission length, dispersion coefficient of fiber, OPC pump light wavelength, conversion efficiency of WDM channel in OPC.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.399-409
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the preference of image for modern application of Korean traditional patterns. A survey was conducted using the random selection among female undergraduate students in Daegu city. The degree of interest and preference in Korean traditional style or something like that measured by 5 scale method. And then they were classified into two groups which were interest/non-interest group, and preference/non-preference group. The image of Korean traditional patterns consisted of semantic differential scales. Frequency, percentage and mean were analyzed, for difference of groups t-test was analyzed. The results were as fellows; 1. For the degree of interest for Korean traditional patterns, it was showed that 53.8% of total respondents took interest and about 40.4% of them had preference for traditional patterns. the correlation coefficient of the degree of interest and preference was 0.782(p<0.01) and showed that the positive correlation was high. 2. Among 20 kinds of Korean traditional patterns, the degree of preference for the patterns of plants and nature was quite high whereas that for the patterns of geometrical things was low relatively. 3. It was evaluated that pattern of nature was fresh, refined and womanly image generally. It was evaluated that pattern of plants was womanly, fresh, weak, light and soft image and that of animals was heavy, splendid, high-class, manly, strong and positive image. It was evaluated that pattern of geometrical things was the most refined image and high-class, rigid and strong. 4. The statistical significance of mean between interest/non-interest group was showed statistically in the patterns of clouds, mountains, lotus, apricot, orchid, dragon, phoenix and bogey. In case of pattern of orchids, the degree of preference was most different between interest/non-interest group. 5. The pattern of plants showed the most different evaluation for images between interest/non-interest group. For refined/old-fashioned polar adjective images, the interest group evaluated the pattern of plants more refined. 6. For pattern of orchids, the difference of degree of preference between preference/non-preference group was most remarkable in Korean traditional patterns. 7. The pattern of geometrical things showed the most different evaluation for images between preference/non-preference group. For warm/cool polar adjective images, the preference group evaluated the pattern of geometrical things cooler.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.253-259
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• 2002

Application of phytoremediation in the polluted area to remove undesirable materials is a complex and difficult subject without detailed investigation and experimentation. We investigated the accumulation patterns of cadmium and lead in plants naturally grown, the bioavailability of plants to accumulate these toxic metals and the responses of P. thunbergii to cadmium and lead. The soil samples contained detectable lead (＜$17.5_\mu$g/g), whereas cadmium was not detected in the soils of study area. The whole body of Persicaria thunbergii contained detectable lead (＜320.$8_\mu$g/g/g) but cadmium was detected only in the stem (＜7.$4_\mu$g/g/g) and root (＜10.$4_\mu$g/g/g) of P. thunbergii. Cadmium was not detected in Trapa japonica and Nymphoides peltata, whereas lead was detected in T. japonica (＜323.$7_\mu$g/g/g) and N. peltata (＜177.$5_\mu$g/g/g). Correlation coefficient between lead content in soil and in these plant samples represented positive correlation. The total content of lead in each plant sample increased in the order of N. peltata$\leq$P. thunbergii

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.261-265
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• 2003

In order to examine the difference in processing quality of potato tubers among localities, chemical properties of soils were analyzed and climatic conditions were investigated. Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) were grown at seven localities of Korea during two years from 1994 to 1995. Soil samples and tubers were obtained from 2 to 3 commercial farms per locality with 10 days interval from 70 days before harvesting. As the result of that, higher correlation in processing quality was found with organic material content among soil conditions. On the climatic conditions, minimum temperature and sunshine hours during the period from 30 to 11 days before harvesting exhibited highly significant negative correlations with all quality parameters except reducing sugar content. Additionally, regression equations based on the observed level of these factors showed the relatively high coefficients of determination for dry matter content and chip color. To produce higher quality potatoes for processing, therefore, climatic conditions such as minimum temperature and sunshine hour and soil condition such as organic matter content have to be considered before the selection of areas or fields.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.349-354
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• 2010

March-June 2010 I hospitals and N of 22 patients in the hospital by DXA and QCT BMD measured at the same object were compared, statistical methods SPSS for Windows program (version 12.0) using the frequency analysis and t-test with a bone age, height, weight, the correlation analysis results were as follows. The distribution of study subjects 19 cases were male and 3 female patients, total 22 patients, 37 years of age ranged from 28 years of age. The mean age of 32.14 years old, and their average height is 170.59 cm, with the average weight was 69.41 kg. In addition to DXA and QCT of how the L2-L4 BMD in level average correlation coefficient was 0.378 with a significant quantitative correlation. Analysis by age rather than the QCT method to DXA showed that 10.8% more valuable, than height level analysis to DXA, QCT method showed 3.4 percent more useful, weight level analysis to DXA is more useful than the 1.2% QCT method was. More results from this study to measure bone density in the DXA method is useful in the age and height and weight by some in the QCT method proved to be useful. Therefore, bone mineral density in patients' age, height, weight, depending on the selection of accurate measurement is considered to be considered.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.203-208
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• 1993

The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation among the measurements of the body weight and shank length at the age of 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 wk, and to investigate the regression of the final body weight at the age of 20 wk in selection on the body weight and shank length before 12 wk of age. From the simple correlation analysis, the range of correlation coefficients between body weight and shank length at the same age were 0.50~0.83 from females, and 0.57~0.85 from males over all wk of age(P＜0.01). Correlation coefficient between the body weights at hatch and 20 wk of age was 0.44(P＜0.01), but it was not significant(P＞0.05) between the shank length at hatch and body weight at 20 wk of age. The favorable regression models for the estimation of the body weight at the age of 20 wk from both body weight and shank length before 12 wk of age were the models with the independent variables of measurements at hatch and 12 wk of age($R^2$＝0.96), with the measurements at 8 and 12 wk of age($R^2$＝0.96), and with the measurements at 0, 8 and 12 wk of age ($R^2$＝0.96).

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.137-148
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate of practicum by using standardized patient(SP) for nursing assessment. Method: This study had 2 steps. The 1st-step was pre-intervention stage including selection of a learning title, formation of case scenario, training of SP and developing the evaluation tools for students' clinical competence to assessment, 6 categories 29 items. The 2nd-step consisted of intervention and evaluation stages. 34 nursing students divided 2 groups participated in assessing the SP. Evaluation of each group was performed by 2 nursing professors. All students recorded their feelings after assessing the SP. The SP also evaluated about nursing students' attitude toward the SP. Results: ICC(Interclass correlation coefficient) between 2 groups was over 0.7 all categories. Students' assessing score(range 0-1) was muscular-joint function status(0.41), nutritional status(0.39), history taking(0.38), IADL(0.18), ADL(0.15), and emotional status (0.07). The mean scores of the nursing students' attitude by SP was 4.03(range 1-6). Also most students showed positive reactions to the education using SP because they had the chance to experience what they could not practice in clinical setting. Conclusion: The evaluation tool revealed high reliability. Nursing students' clinical competence was below average. But they took a good attitude to SP. We recommended further research using SP with various disease.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.3597-3609
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was done to develop the multidimensional scale of addictive behavior for adolescents. Methods: The process involved construction of a conceptual framework, initial items, verification of content validity, selection of secondary items, and extraction of final items. The participants were 636 adolescents in six middle schools and four high schools. Results: Seventy items were selected for the final scale, and categorized 8 factors explaining 56.5% of total variance. The factors were labeled as game addictive behavior, shopping addictive behavior, mobile phone addictive behavior, nicotine addictive behavior, television addictive behavior, gambling addictive behavior, alcohol addictive behavior, and internet addictive behavior. The scores for the scale were significantly correlated with addictive personality and self-control. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the 70 items was .94. Scale scores identified adolescents as addictive behavior group, risk group, and average group. Conclusion: The above findings indicate that the multidimensional scale of addictive behavior for adolescents has good validity and reliability when used with adolescents. More importantly, it provides the first step toward developing a addiction prevention program. Additionally the scales provide an education or guideline, and proper physical and mental health management of youth in research and practice for the promotion of education.