• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.5
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• pp.111-148
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• 2002

Digitalization of public administration information shall be accelerated more. When information exists both in the form of electronic and paper record, even the disclosure of paper record make it possible the access to public administration information itself, but there may some needs for the disclosure of electronic record in applicant's situation. Similarly, when only electronic record exists, there may be some problem about whether to disclose the record as print-out or as being electronic format itself. Thus, the method and format of disclose are very sensitive issues, and it is very important to clarify who has the competence to decide the method and format of disclosure, applicant or the public agency. In making any record available to an applicant under the EFOIA in America, the public agency shall provide the record in any form or format requested by the applicant, if the record is readily reproducible by the agency in that form or format. And for the convenience of the applicant with sensory disability, the AIA in Canada also permits the right to access to information in an alternative format. It is desirable also in our country that disclosure of information is done by public agencies in the format that applicant wants, as possible. In the meantime, we should consider the costs and technological restrictions corresponding to the change of format of information to the format that applicant specifies. In the case of electronic record, efforts required for searching cause some hard problems. Information disclosure system requires disclosure of record that exists at the demand point, and creation of new record that does not exist at that them is not required on the public agency. For the search of electronic information, we need some code or program. So, if we evaluate that act of coding or programming as creation of new record, demand on disclosure of electronic record becomes impossible, in fact. Therefore, when we include electronic record as the object of information disclosure system, we need to clarify the degree of reasonable efforts for searching the information included in that record, as long as possible, although it is very difficult problem. Also, we should consider the way to make it permitted to demand the disclosure of electronic record by FAX or E-mail. Disclosure of electronic record itself by E-mail is not generalized yet, even in America or Canada. There are many technological and legal problems to solve, before permitting or enforcing the disclosure of electronic record by E-mail. But, it is desirable to expand the method of disclosure to including disclosure by E-mail in possible spheres. Also, as well as disclosure on demands, we need to expand electronic access to information, so far as possible, in the process of information offer.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.507-517
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• 2019

To follow up on a 2017 survey of tomato virus diseases, samples with virus-like symptoms were collected from the same areas (Buyeo-gun, Chungchungnam-Do and Daejeon, Korea) in 2018. While in 2017 mixed infections of Tomato mosaic virus with either Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) or Tomato chlorosis virus were detected, only TYLCV was detected in symptomatic samples in 2018. TYLCV amplicons of c.777 bp representing the coat protein (CP) coding region were cloned from the TYLCV positive samples, and the sequence data showed a 97.17% to 98.84% nucleotide and 98.45% to 99.22% amino acid identity with the 2017 Buyeo-gun isolate (MG787542), which had the highest amino acid (aa) sequence identity of up to 99.2% with four 2018 Buyeo-gun sequences (MK521830, MK521833, MK521834, and MK521835). The lowest aa sequence identity of 98.45% was found in a 2018 Daejeon isolate (MK521836); the distance between Buyeo-gun and Daejeon is about 45 km. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the currently reported CP sequences are most closely related to Korean sequences from Masan (HM130912), Goseong (JN680149), Busan (GQ141873), Boseong (GU325634), and the 2017 isolate TYLCV-N (MG787543) in the 'Japan' cluster of TYLCV isolates and distinct from the 'China' cluster isolates from Nonsan (GU325632), Jeonju (HM130913) and Jeju (GU325633, HM130914). Our survey data from 2017 and 2018 suggest that TYLCV has become established in Korea and may be spread by whitefly vectors from weed reservoirs within the farm environment.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.160-163
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• 2019

Senegalimassilia sp. KGMB 04484 was isolated from fecal samples obtained from a healthy Korean. The whole-genome sequence of Senegalimassilia sp. KGMB 04484 was analyzed using the PacBio Sequel platform. The genome comprises a 2,748,041 bp chromosome with a G+C content of 61.18%, 2,300 total genes, 2,139 protein-coding gene, 21 rRNA genes, and 51 tRNA genes. Also, we found that strain KGMB 04484 had some genes for hydrolysis enzyme, fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism in its genome based on the result of genome analysis. Those genes of KGMB 04484 may be related to regulation of human health and digest.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.246-257
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• 2019

This research aimed to verify possibly expanding college festival's performance to ordinary life. College festivals have consolidated student communities and created college culture. Recently, the festivals have been challenged for commercialization such as celebrity concert and company sponsorship. College festival is a text, which is based on ordinary college life and should served a role to restore college life. Pine & Gilmore's experience model was used to find that quality festival experience leads to satisfaction and satisfaction enhance peer relations. More participate school life, the better experience the festival program. Total 195 of questionnaires were administered to college festival participants and coding data were analyzed by regression and t test. Result found that College festival experience significantly affects festival satisfaction(H1), festival satisfaction affect re-participation(H2) and peer relations(H3). High level of school life participation group showed significant differences in festival experience and other variables in compare with low level group(H4). Theoretical /practical significances and research limitation were included.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2019

This study deals with the case of student-centered discrete mathematics class with cyber lab. First, we provided lecture notes and cyber labs we developed. In particular, discrete mathematics is a course that covers the principles of algorithms. The purpose of this study is to provide students with basic mathematics, aiming to actively participate in the learning process, to improve their abilities and to reach the ultimate goal of student success with confidence. Second, based on interactions, students were able to prepare for the lectures, review, question, answer, and discussion through an usual learning management system of the school. Third, all the students generated materials through one semester, which were reported, submitted, presented and evaluated. It was possible to improve the learning effectiveness through the discussions and implementation of using some easy open source programming language and codes. Our discrete math laboratory could be practiced without any special knowledge of coding. These lecture models allow students to develop critical thinking skills while describing and presenting their learning and problem-solving processes. We share our experience and our materials including lecture note and cyber lab as well as a possible model of student-centered mathematics class that does not give too much of work load for instructors. This study shares a model that demonstrates that any professor will be able to have an individualized, customized, and creative discrete education without spending much of extra time and assistant, unlike previous research.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.60 no.12
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• pp.32.1-32.10
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• 2018

Background: Necdin (NDN), a member of the melanoma antigen family showing imprinted pattern of expression, has been implicated as causing Prader-Willi symptoms, and known to participate in cellular growth, cellular migration and differentiation. The region where NDN is located has been associated to QTLs affecting reproduction and early growth in cattle, but location and functional analysis of the molecular mechanisms have not been established. Methods: Here we report the sequence variation of the entire coding sequence from 72 samples of cattle, yak, buffalo, goat and sheep, and discuss its variation in Bovidae. Median-joining network analysis was used to analyze the variation found in the species. Synonymous and non-synonymous substitution rates were determined for the analysis of all the polymorphic sites. Phylogenetic analysis were carried out among the species of Bovidae to reconstruct their relationships. Results: From the phylogenetic analysis with the consensus sequences of the studied Bovidae species, we found that only 11 of the 26 nucleotide changes that differentiate them produced amino acid changes. All the SNPs found in the cattle breeds were novel and showed similar percentages of nucleotides with non-synonymous substitutions at the N-terminal, MHD and C-terminal (12.3, 12.8 and 12.5%, respectively), and were much higher than the percentage of synonymous substitutions (2.5, 2.6 and 4.9%, respectively). Three mutations in cattle and one in sheep, detected in heterozygous individuals were predicted to be deleterious. Additionally, the analysis of the biochemical characteristics in the most common form of the proteins in each species show very little difference in molecular weight, pI, net charge, instability index, aliphatic index and GRAVY (Table 4) in the Bovidae species, except for sheep, which had a higher molecular weight, instability index and GRAVY. Conclusions: There is sufficient variation in this gene within and among the studied species, and because NDN carry key functions in the organism, it can have effects in economically important traits in the production of these species. NDN sequence is phylogenetically informative in this group, thus we propose this gene as a phylogenetic marker to study the evolution and conservation in Bovidae.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.69-73
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• 2019

During screening of microbes for compounds having cosmetic benefits, we isolated Marinobacter salarius HL2708#2 from lava seawater on Jeju Island, Republic of Korea. The complete genome sequence was determined. Strain HL27080#2 features a circular chromosome of 4,304,603 bp with 57.21% G+C content and a 244,163 bp plasmid with 53.14% G+C. There were 4,180 protein coding sequences identified, along with 49 transfer RNA and 18 ribosomal RNA noncoding genes. The genome harbored genes for the utilization of alcohol, maltose/starch, and monosaccharide as sole carbon sources. Genes responsible for halophilic characteristics and heavy metal resistance could be annotated, as well as aromatic and alkane hydrocarbons. Contrary to the prior report that M. salarius is negative for nitrate and nitrite reduction, nitrate/nitrite reductase along with nitrate/nitrate transporters and nitronate monooxygenase were evident, suggesting that strain HL2708#2 may be able to denitrify extracellular nitroalkenes to ammonia.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.74-76
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• 2019

Gram-positive anaerobic bacilli Actinomyces spp. commonly reside on mucosal surfaces of the oropharynx, gastrointestinal tract, and urogenital tract. Here, we first report the draft genome sequence of Actinomyces georgiae KHUD_A1, isolated from dental plaque of a Korean elderly woman. The genome is 2,652,059 bp in length and has a GC content of 68.06%. The genome includes 2,242 protein-coding genes, 9 rRNAs, and 64 tRNA. We identified 157 KHUD_A1 strain-specific genes, including genes encoding CPBP family intramembrane metalloprotease, bile acid: sodium symporter family protein, Txe/YoeB family addiction module toxin and Phd/YefM family antitoxin. The sequence information of A. georgiae KHUD_A1 will help understand the general characteristics of the bacterial species and the genome diversity of the genus Actinomyces.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.109-132
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine and propose to improve the features of a simple keyword search box and faceted navigations of KOLIS-NET operated by the National Library of Korea. A record group of '2011-2020 (776)' under 'Publication date' facet, out of 3,702 records retrieved from a search of '김훈', were examined. Major findings are as follows: (1) Five facets including 'Format', 'Publication date', 'Subject', 'Language' and 'Country' are used to limit search results only in the first step, and multiple facets cannot be simultaneously used; (2) With 'Publication date' facet formed in the span of ten years, a separate publication year cannot be identified; (3) 'Subject' facet based on KDC limits the results only in broad subject classes without sub-facets; (4) Under 'Format' facet, a special format such as large print texts cannot be identified; (5) Without 'Author' facet, authors cannot be identified; and (6) 'Publication date missing', 'Language missing', and 'Miscellaneous subject' record groups cannot be clicked and displayed, a navigation to-and-fro between a brief list and bibliographic records is not smooth, etc. Therefore an application of multiple facets in all stages of limiting the search result, a construction of sub-facets for 'Publication date' and 'Subject' facets, an accurate description and coding of 'General Material Designation', etc. are suggested to improve KOLIS-NET's faceted navigation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.18-26
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• 2019

The Maritime Labour Convention, 2006, (MLC) aimed to ensure decent working conditions for seafarers and entered into force on August 20, 2013. It was considered as the fourth pillar in the maritime sector. This paper evaluates how the MLC has been implemented in the field and what issues were addressed in the shipping industry. To achieve this, statistical analysis was conducted using inspection data of Port State Control (PSC) carried out by the Paris MOU and the Tokyo MOU during 2010-2012 and 2014-2016 for deficiencies under the MLC and International Labour Organization (ILO) No. 147 Convention. This study compared pre-2013 and post-2013 deficiency data according to ship's age, size (gross tonnage) and type. The results showed that, although the deficiencies reported by the Tokyo MOU during 2014-2016 were nearly double those from 2010-2012, the deficiency share against total deficiencies for the Tokyo MOU remained two thirds of those for the Paris MOU. This study suggests that the Tokyo MOU should strengthen its inspection efforts on MLC and ILO should provide clear references, such as guidelines and a unified interpretation for national discretions under the MLC for the purpose of harmonized PSC inspections. Additionally, it would be desirable to consolidate the deficiency coding system for the MLC by deleting the codes for the ILO No. 147 Convention, which was incorporated into the MLC. It would also be beneficial to add new deficiency codes for social security, including seafarers' leave and repatriation.