• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.3
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• pp.33-36
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• 1963

This experimental work is aimed to find that there is any industrial potentiality of tussah silk reeling service. The obtained results are as follows. (1) The physical nature of tussah cocoon and its silk was investigated as prelim. (2) The best silk and chemical reeling ratio of tussah cocoon was obtained in case of using 3,000 time diluted NaOH during one hour boiling process. (3) The reeling efficiency of dupion type silk (37.5g/hr) was found as a better process than that of the normal type of silk (10g/hr). (4) It is believed that there is still possibility to increase the silk reeling ratio of tussah cocoon and to industrialize the tussah silk reeling in case of processing as dupion type silk.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 1971

This experiment was conducted to know the effects of abnormal cocoons on the silk quality during the silk reeling process. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The length, the width, the weight, the layer weight, and the layer ratio of abnormal cocoons are in every case 0.83∼4.65% less than those of normal cocoons. 2. The thickness of the abnormal cocoon layer is at)out 20.62∼22.4% less than that of the normal cocoon. 3. The sericin solubility of tile abnormal cocoon layer is about 11.75∼30% more than that of the normal cocoon layer. 4. The degumming ratio of the abnormal cocoon layer is about 6.51∼9.32% more than that of the normal cocoon layer. 5. The length of a have, the weight of a tave and percentage of raw silk yield of the abnormal cocoon are decreased 9.43%, 8.53% and 6.72% each as compared with those of the normal cocoon. 6. The percentage of reelability of abnormal cocoons is decreased 9.58％ as compared with that of normal cocoons. 7. The neatness of abnormal cocoons is 3 per cent lower than that of normal cocoons. 8. In the cleanness test of abnormal cocoons, the number of split ends i9 about 1.5∼3.8 times as much as that of normal cocoons. Especially cleanness of abnormal cocoons is 16,3 per cent lower than that of normal cocoons. 9. The number of non-reelable cocoons of abnormal cocoons is increased 1.4∼5.5 times as much as that of normal cocoons. In abnormal cocoon, the number of knot which resulted in the breaking of silk end is increased 1.9∼3.5 times as much as that in normal cocoon.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.96-102
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• 2016

Recently silk polymer produced by Bombyx mori silkworm has been considered as biological macromolecules. Silk polymer was extracted in PBS solution at $37^{\circ}C$ for 72 h or $72^{\circ}C$ for 24 h. The effect of EtOH treatment on the cocoon extraction was also examined. The extraction yield of cocoon was less than 1 wt% regardless of extraction conditions. UV spectroscopy showed that the experimental extracts have absorption bands at 280 nm. There is no cytotoxicity effect on the mouse fibroblast L929 cell. The phenotype of L929 cell was not changed under the experimental conditions. The proliferation behavior of L929 cell was not affected by the addition of cocoon extract. Therefore, cocoon extract might be cytocompatible and can be used as promising biomaterials.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.66-69
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• 1995

Traditional Antheraea pernyi silkworm cocoon is tawny color. The white Antheraea pernyi silkworm cocoons studied here by IR and UV are new breeds of recent breeding. We discovered that the main body of the first grade structure of silk protein in the new white is as same as the one in the traditional tawny Antheraea pernyi silkworm cocoon, yet there are small quantities of cross-linked polymer of gentisic acid and silk protein in the white silkworm cocoons. In spite of the least surviving quantity of the polymer, the white silkworm cocoons are most white and its white color is similar to white Bombyx mori silkworm cocoon.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 1976

The study was carried out to investigate the variations in the fibroin hydrolysis of different cocoon shell layers, and the relationship between the hydrolysis and silk physical property. The obtained results are as follows: 1. The fibroin hydrolyzing ratio was highest at the inner layer of cocoon shell and. next in order. at the middle layer and at the outer layer. 2. The fibroin hydrolyzing ratio of abnormal cocoons was higher than normal cocoon and it was different among them, tile highest was double coroon, thin shell cocoon and perforated cocoon in order. 3. The sericin content and fibroin hydrolyzing ratio of Jam 111 and Jam 112 was higher than that of Jam 111 $\times$ Jam 112. 4. The fibroin hydroiyzing ratio of the cocoons fed with the artificial diets was increased at the inner layer. The sericin content of those lessened at the inner layer, however, it slightly increased at the most inner layer more than at the inner layer. 5. The breaking strength of the degummed silk fiber of different cocoon layers was reduced at the inner layer. The breaking Strength of abnormal silk fiber was less than that of normal silk fiber. 6. A negative correlation (r= －0.8) )was approved between fibroin hydrolyzing ratio and breaking strength of silk fiber, and the regression line was Y=－0.29x＋5.07.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 2017

We constructed the fibroin H-chain expression system to produce enhanced cyan fluorescent proteins (ECFP) in transgenic silkworm cocoon. Fluorescent cocoon could be made by fusing ECFP cDNA to the heavy chain gene and injecting it into a silkworm. The ECFP fusion protein, each with N- and C-terminal sequences of the fibroin H-chain, was designed to be secreted into the lumen of the posterior silk glands. The expression of the ECFP/H-chain fusion gene was regulated by the fibroin H-chain promoter. The use of the 3xP3-driven EGFP cDNA as a marker allowed us to rapidly distinguish transgenic silkworms. The EGFP fluorescence became visible in the ocelli and in the central and peripheral nervous system on the seventh day of embryonic development. A mixture of the donor and helper vector was micro-injected into 1,020 Kumokjam, bivoltin silkworm eggs. We obtained 6 broods. The cocoon was displayed strong blue fluorescence, proving that the fusion protein was present in the cocoon. Accordingly, we suggest that the ECFP fluorescence silk will enable the production of novel biomaterial based on the transgenic silk.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2003

The principal fibers used in constructing the cocoon in the garden spider, Argiope aurantia, are large-diameter fibers developed from tubuliform glands and small-diameter fibers presumed to be spun by the aciniform silk glands. Scanning electron micrographs of the large-diameter fibers on both surfaces of the cocoon clearly reveal their fine structural differences. While the silk fibers on the inner surface have smooth and homogeneous appearances, each fiber on the outer surface represents a multicomponent internal structure. Examination of each fibers using transmission electron microscope also provides additional evidence that the multicomponent fibers contain numerous electron lucent fibrils embedded in an amorphous electron dense matrix. It has been also revealed that two types of secretory granules presumed to be the precursors of tubuliform fibers are closely related to the production of distinct coloration in luminal contents - brownish and yellowish components. Moreover, these electron-dense granules, possibly precursor of fibrillar component, and electron-lucent granules, possibly precursor of matrix component, are densely packed and remain close to each other without fusion. It is critical evidence that the individual tubuliform fiber is not only heterogeneous and multicomponent but also takes place in a variety at manners throughout the length of the gland.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Sericultural Science Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.95-95
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• 2002

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Sericultural Science Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.59-59
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• 2003

Silk sericin (SS) is one of essential components of cocoon filament, comprising granular and high molecular proteins with adhesive and gelatin-like characteristics. Silk fibroin (SF), another main component of cocoon filament, has been investigated by many researchers due to its good physicochenucal properties. Recently, Nam and Park reported that the effect of alcohol addition into the SF solution on the morphology and structural charateristics of SF. (omitted)

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.10
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• pp.99-105
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• 1969

The results of investigation and management analysis for the silk filatures in Korea until 1968 are evaluated as followings. (1) The average cocoon purchasing amount for a filature was found as 10,800kg and they are processed 105kg per man on the cocoon assorting process, 8,683kg per day during the drying process of which 42 percent are dried with low temperature drying system. (2) The average cocoon cooking capacity is 50 g, cocoon per minute, but the cooking capacity per man is smaller in case of larger factory. (3) The silk production capacity per month per a filature is 6,000kg and the amount gets smaller in case of larger factory. (4) The employee cost per one kg of raw silk production was found as high in smaller factory and it was found that 200~300 sets size was the optimum capacity for operation. (5) In case of multiends silk reeling machine, the employee cost for the silk reeling process acts as the most peculier factor among six different cocoon processes and it is reached to conclued to deduct the number of employees for this process in order to deduct the production cost. (6) The correlation coefficients between cost factors and total labour cost was found as 46 percent, therefore the rest (54％) will be the production cost other than labour cost.