• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.153-158
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• 2012

The characteristics of the narirutin-added alcohol fermentation of citrus hydrolysates were investigated to produce functionally improved citrus wine. The pH of narirutin-added citrus wine ranged from 3.38 to 3.51, and the titratable acidity was about 0.55% which show no significant differences attributable to the narirutin quantity. With regard to the color and brown color, with the addition of more narirutin, the a value was decreased while the b value and brown color increased. The sugar content decreased from 24 to 8.0-8.5 $^{\circ}Brix$ after alcohol fermentation, and the alcohol content appeared to be between 14.5 and 14.6% in all the sections. For the free sugar contents, the glucose and fructose contents were relatively high in every section. For the total polyphenol content, it was shown to increase when more narirutin was added. and the 2%-narirutin-added section showed the highest polyphenol content(46.44 mg%). The results of sensory evaluation were that the color, flavor and bitterness increased while the sweetness and overall acceptability were reduced by the additional narirutin. Functionally improved citrus wine can be produced by using narirutin, but more researches regarding quality improvement should be carried out to overcome the bitterness.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.368-378
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• 2024

Cordycepin, a valuable bioactive component isolated from Cordyceps militaris, has been reported to possess anti-cancer potential and the property to enhance the effects of chemotherapeutic agents in various types of cancers. However, the ability of cordycepin to chemosensitize cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells to gemcitabine has not yet been evaluated. The current study was performed to evaluate the above, and the mechanisms associated with it. The study analyzed the effects of cordycepin in combination with gemcitabine on the cancer stem-like properties of the CCA SNU478 cell line, including its anti-apoptotic, migratory, and antioxidant effects. In addition, the combination of cordycepin and gemcitabine was evaluated in the CCA xenograft model. The cordycepin treatment significantly decreased SNU478 cell viability and, in combination with gemcitabine, additively reduced cell viability. The cordycepin and gemcitabine co-treatment significantly increased the Annexin V+ population and downregulated B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression, suggesting that the decreased cell viability in the cordycepin+gemcitabine group may result from an increase in apoptotic death. In addition, the cordycepin and gemcitabine co-treatment significantly reduced the migratory ability of SNU478 cells in the wound healing and trans-well migration assays. It was observed that the cordycepin and gemcitabine cotreatment reduced the CD44^highCD133^high population in SNU478 cells and the expression level of sex determining region Y-box 2 (Sox-2), indicating the downregulation of the cancer stem-like population. Cordycepin also enhanced oxidative damage mediated by gemcitabine in MitoSOX staining associated with the upregulated Kelch like ECH Associated Protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression ratio. In the SNU478 xenograft model, co-administration of cordycepin and gemcitabine additively delayed tumor growth. These results indicate that cordycepin potentiates the chemotherapeutic property of gemcitabine against CCA, which results from the downregulation of its cancer-stem-like properties. Hence, the combination therapy of cordycepin and gemcitabine may be a promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of CCA.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.665-671
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• 2020

The chemical and rheological properties of fucoidan and alginate prepared from different parts of Undaria pinnatifida (sporophyll, frond, stipe) were investigated. The algal materials were extracted with HCl (pH 2.0, 3 h at 70℃) to prepare fucoidan, and the remaining solid was continuously re-extracted with Na₂CO₃ (pH 10.0, 70℃, 3 h) to prepare alginic acid. The fucoidan and alginic acid contents in the sporophyll, frond, and stipe were 11.14%, 3.84%, and 1.73% and 22.04%, 37.14%, and 31.74%, respectively. The content of fucoidan and alginate depends on the part extracted. The fucoidan extracted from the sporophyll mainly consists of fucose and galactose, but the fucoidan extracted from frond and stipe contains mannose in addition to fucose and galactose. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of fucoidan and alginate suggests the presence of sulfate groups (1261 and 840 cm^-1) and carboxyl groups (1626 and 1419 cm^-1), respectively. Alginate solutions (5%) had a low viscosity of 10.84-31.63 mPa·s. The activation energies of fucoidan and sodium alginate were 14.45-18.38 kJ/mol and 18.61-22.06 kJ/mol, respectively. The D-mannuronic acid/L-guluronic acid (M/G) ratios of alginate showed a relatively high (frond, 3.72; stipe, 2.88; and sporophyll, 1.80).

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.135-139
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• 1987

Aspergillus sp. MK-24 was cultured at 3$0^{\circ}C$ in the medium consisting of 2% glucose, 0.2% NaNO$_3$, 0.02% $K_2$HPO$_4$, 0.02% MgSO$_4$ 7$H_2O$, 0.02% KCl, and at initial pH of 5.0. The production of the inhibitor on venom proteinase reached to the maximum in 7 days. Sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate as a nitrogen source was favorable. The production of inhibitor was not affected by the addition of most of the inorganic salt used but depressed by lead, zinc, cobalt, mercuric or silver salts.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.1020-1030
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• 2022

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance (BLIS) from Enterococcus faecium DB1 on cariogenic Streptococcus mutans biofilm. Crystal violet staining, fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy analyses demonstrated that the BLIS from Enterococcus faecium DB1 (DB1 BLIS) inhibited S. mutans biofilm. When DB1 BLIS was co-incubated with S. mutans, biofilm formation by S. mutans was significantly reduced (p<0.05). DB1 BLIS also destroyed the preformed biofilm of S. mutans. In addition, DB1 BLIS decreased the viability of S. mutans biofilm cells during the development of biofilm formation and in the preformed biofilm. DB1 BLIS significantly decreased the growth of S. mutans planktonic cells. Furthermore, S. mutans biofilm on the surface of saliva-coated hydroxyapatite discs was reduced by DB1 BLIS. Taken together, DB1 BLIS might be useful as a preventive and therapeutic agent against dental caries caused by S. mutans.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.333-339
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• 2003

New manufacturing process was applied to manufacture the low salted Squid-Jeotgal to improve the quality variation salty taste and shelf-life. It's optimum salting and sugaring process was made by the addition of $17\%$ NaCl for 3 hr and $15\%$ corn syrup for 4 hr with 10 rpm agitation. Quality variations of Squid-Jeotgal produced by the improved and the conventional process were packed by jar, polyethylene lerephthalatefpolyethyleneilinear low density polyethylene (PET) and low density polyethylene (PE). And then quality variations of them were investigated at storage temperature of 10, 20, and $30^{\circ}C.$ Decreasing rate of pH, increasing rates of VBN and viable cell counts of Squid-Jeotgal produced by the improved process were slower than those of the conventional process at all storage temperature. Sensory evaluation indicated that the production of Squid-Jeotgal by the improved process extended the shelf-life about 10-20 days.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.163-169
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• 1998

Fluoride (F), over a narrow concentration range, increases bone formation. Aluminum (Ai) too is biphasic in its action on bone, being mitogenic at very low levels and inhibitory at higher levels. Both F and Al are present in finished drinking water where the chemical interaction of these two agents is well characterized. F and AI, given individually, accumulate preferentially in bone. In addition. in vivo studies have shown that F causes the co-accumulation of Al in bone. Thus, it was necessary to determine the interactive effect of these two agents on bone mitogenesis. Calvaria were obtained from neonatal CD-1 mice and cultured with various concentrations of F (0.05~19 ppm) as NaF, Al (2 ppb~2 ppm) as $AlCl_3$ , or F and Al for 3 days at $37^{\circ}C$ on a rotating roller drum. Alkaline phosphatase activity in calvaria and $\beta$-glucuronidase activity in culture medium were determined as a measures of bone turnover. Alkaline phosphatase activity in calvaria was significantly increased by F (0.05~2 ppm) treatment and $\beta$-glucuronidase activity was slightly increased in the culture medium of calvaria treated with 0.3 ppm Al. The combination of 19 ppm F and 0.3 ppm Al increased alkaline phosphatase activity in calvaria, but did not affect $\beta$-glucuronidase activity, suggesting the interactive effect of fluoride and aluminum on bone turnover.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.86-91
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• 2009

To develop a new traditional Gugija tagju, various koji were prepared using several starch sources along with Aspergillus awamori var. kawachi, and then their effects on the quality of the tagju were investigated. Ethanol contents(11.1${\sim}$13.8%) were not significantly different among the Gugija tagju made from the various types of koji, whereas the tagju made using non-glutinous rice koji had the best total acceptability. The addition of 1% Gugija extracts into the mash increased its total acceptability and anti-hypertensive angiotensin I-converting inhibitory activity, and the optimal fermentation period for brewing the Gugija tagju was 10 days.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.499-503
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• 2006

This report presents a new technical approach for evaluating the fiber orientation of composites using small-angle light scattering (SALS). Glass fiber (GF)/polypropylene (PP) composites with different fiber orientations were prepared by drawing compression-molded specimens. The drawn samples were remelted and then annealed at $150^{\circ}C$ in order to induce a crystalline structure on the fiber surface, and then underwent SALS analysis. The samples showed a combination of circular and streak patterns. The model calculations demonstrated that the number of nuclei on the fiber surface and the thickness of the transcrystalline layer affected the sharpness and intensity of the streak pattern. In addition, the azimuthal angle of the streak pattern was found to be dependent on the direction of the transcrystalline layer, which correlated with the fiber direction. This correlation suggests that the fiber orientation in the composites can be easily evaluated using SALS.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.1456-1463
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• 2022

The aim of this work is to study the radiation shielding properties of cement samples with waste glass incortated into its composition. The mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) of the samples were experimentally determined to evaluate their radiation shielding ability. The experimental coefficient was evaluated using NaI detector for gamma energies between 59.53 keV and 1408.01 keV using different radioactive point sources Am-241, Eu-152, Co-60, and Cs-137, and the gamma transmission parameters half-value layer, mean free path, and transmission factor were calculated. The theoretical coefficient of the composites was determined using Geant4 and XCOM software. The results were also compared against Geant4 and XCOM simulations by calculating the relative deviation between the values to determine the accuracy of the results. In addition the mechanical properties (including Compressive and porosity) as well as the thermogravimetric analysis were tested for the present samples. Overall, it was concluded that the cement sample with 50% waste glass has the greatest shielding potential for radiation shielding applications and is a useful way to reuse waste glass.