• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.485-495
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• 2013

As rural life has shifted with the long term changes in the internal and external conditions of rural communities, this study aims to investigate the living conditions and life satisfaction of rural women. 70 questionnaires in health, clothing, food, shelter, economic conditions and child-rearing fields were used for a survey of 393 rural women from five rural areas in the northern region of Gyeongsangbuk-Do. Statistical techniques of frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, ANOVA, t-test and regression analysis were employed through 'SPSS Statistics 21'. Participants were divided into 3 groups, with Group A with income less than 15 million won, Group B with income of at least 15 million won and less than 30 million won, and Group C with at least 30 million won. For the life satisfaction and health conditions, Group C showed higher scores than Group A. The food security status of rural women in the research area was worse than that in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, and food consumption by Group C was higher than that of Group A and Group B. For the satisfaction of kitchen, bathroom facilities and heating system, the income of 15 million won seemed to be the divisive value where richer groups were more satisfied. Job satisfaction seemed more related with the income amount rather than with the job itself. The parenting efficacy and child-rearing satisfaction were higher for Group C than for Group A. Determinants of life satisfaction turned out to be health conditions, heat susceptibility, fruit consumption, kitchen unit satisfaction, job satisfaction and parenting efficacy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.8
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• pp.158-169
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• 2008

The purposes of this study were to Investigate the relationships between knitwear purchase motive and female consumer satisfaction, and to reveal how knitwear purchase motives and demographic variables influence the consumer satisfaction. The subjects were 263 female college students and working women residing in metropolitan area of Seoul. The data were analyzed by using descriptive analysis, factor analysis, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$-reliability coefficient, t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. Five dimensions of knitwear purchase motive were derived by factor analysis; expressive, others' influence/deficiency, quality/social, situation, and utility motive. Consumer satisfactions were classified into 3 dimensions; appearance, practicality, and quality satisfaction. The expressive motive had significant positive relationships with the satisfaction of appearance and quality satisfaction. The quality/social motive had positive relationships with the satisfaction of appearance, practicality, and quality. Utility motive had positive relationships with the satisfaction of appearance and practicality. Working women had higher situation motive and quality/social motive than the female college students had. The higher the age was, the higher the score on situation motive and quality/social motive were. The higher the social class was, the higher the score on expressive motive was. The higher the income was, the higher the score on appearance, practicality, and quality satisfaction were. The consumer satisfaction of knitwear was influenced most by the quality/social motive and next by the expressive motive, the income, and the utility motive in order.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.324-330
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is on the meaning and variety about gender expressed in modern fashion. The results are as follows ; First, the typical masculine gender was authority, discretion as a result of heteropatriarchy focused on the western reason. It was conservative and the symbolic image type of the meaning excluded masculine sexual expression. Dress and its ornament was expressed as the style of straight silhouette, dark color, rough and stiff material. Second, the typical feminine gender was the symbolic image type of a mother and a wife defined relatively by man as a result of western heteropatriarchy and the image type which men regarded women as sexual objects. Dress and its ornament was expressed as the style of silhouette which let bodily curve out, light color, soft material. The most typical item is dress and suit. Third, androgyny has been described as the feminie gender of androgynous, which shows masculine image as the effect of feminism and social success of professional women. Dress and its ornament is expressed as the style of business suit, the symple of typical man's one. The masculine gender of androgynous is showed man's suit as silhouette that let bodily curve out, light color, exposure and soft material, which is the symbol of feminine dress, Fourth, unisex is the area of dress and its ornament used the sexless symbol which there has been no gender more because of the spread of sports and diffusion of leisure in life style.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.2 no.3 s.3
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• pp.96-101
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• 2004

This study suggests the basic resources for men's cosmetic which shows in history. Because not only ancient chief but also modern French noble men made up in the area where succeeded the traditional national cosmetic, when it was seen through historic or world, the men's cosmetic was generated and was more luxurious and presence than women. But since the French revolution, men was limited the collection of fashion, also the luxurious cloth and cosmetic disappeared. It was 1960s that men's cosmetic based rock musicians reappeared. And then, rock musicians made up luxuriously. The early cosmetic of rock musicians began from the protest's meaning for old fashioned value and fixed society. But gradually, it was changed the style that valued appearance's beauty. In the past, movie star's hair style and cloth were the basic fashion, but now the sportsmen are recognized heroes and their cosmetic is prevailing. Today, the basic meaning of men's presence fashion is that men and women's each role and self expression is allowed and appearance's decoration showed from sex roles disappeared. Men is limited body's beautiful expression and collective range but they fluently express each self imagination through work, special hobby, female attire and drag queen. From various men's beautiful expression, we will know that human beings want a society which is recognizing different self expressions.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.677-687
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• 2007

This research aims to classify the physical characteristics of middle aged women. The characteristics are esteemed to be adopted for the formalisation of the types of their body figures and their characteristics for each type. For this purpose, middle aged women in the significant change of their body shapes were sampled for body measurement which would be used for the comparison between each measured figure. A group of sample for this research was constructed with 154 middle aged women who is currently living in Seoul and its Metropolitan area and being in their age of $35{\sim}59$. Particularly, the analysis on the girth of belly shows a significant difference subject to each age group so that a distinguished change in the girth of belly is observed as the age gets older. With the SPSS programme, the physical characteristics of middle aged women were analysed by the variation analysis and correlation analysis. In terms of the analysis on the body mass index and the flatness index, the observed result that there is a significant difference between the indices for late middle aged women and early and mid middle aged women shows far more different result from Yu-Kyung Choi(1997) that the body figures of middle aged women tend to start rapidly to change from their ages of 49. This can be explained to some extent in that the increased interest in much healthier and slimmer body shapes beginning from widely-spread so called "well-being" syndrome results in the increase in the number of middle aged women taking care of their health management so that the ages starting their body shape to become obese tend to be deferred. Another explanation is also feasible to partly extent that the middle aged women living in Seoul and Kyung-Gi area are much more looking after their health management than those living in other areas. However, this research has a limitation in that the physical measurement for this research has been conducted focusing on the women living in Seoul and Kyung-Gi area. Hence, it is further expected going forward that the physical measurement for middle aged women living in other areas should follow for the comparison purpose.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.179-196
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• 2009

This is a follow-up study to "An Analysis of the Fitting of Plus-sized Women's Formal Jackets in On-line Shopping Malls", in which we compiled basic sizes of formal jackets sold in online retailers for plus-sized women and compared specific measurements of the jackets from each retailer. Emphasizing a comparison of age groups 20-39 and 40-59, fit evaluations and analyses were conducted in order to provide data to help manufacturers develop formal jacket patterns that reflect physical characteristics of plus-sized consumers and offer better physical fit. The surveys and evaluations were conducted between October 2007 and May 2008. and the compiled data were analyzed using the SPSS 17.0 statistics program. The results were summarized as follows. The two age groups gave different evaluations of the fit problems in the women's formal jackets sold in online retailers. Whereas the age group 20-39 felt that the main problems were in the shoulder, armscye, upper arm, waist, abdomen and hip areas, the age group 40-59 said that they found more problems in the armscye, upper arms, sleeve length and jacket length. Modifying the shoulder area, armscye depth and jacket length severely compromises the jacket's balance, and attention to these areas must be given during pattern design.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.520-531
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• 2014

Jeju, the biggest island in Korea, was registered as a World Natural Heritage in 2007. Recently, it was also voted as one of the New Seven Wonders of Nature. The need for academic awareness and tourist values on Jeju Island are understood. Gal-ot, one of the ten symbols for Jeju, is known for working clothes in general, despite its potential for cultural products because of its regional uniqueness and useful functional advantages. The authors conducted a comprehensive literature review and researched market trends of Gal-ot stores in Jeju to present development directions for cultural goods and to contribute to local economic improvement. Most stores were located in a semi-residential area and Jeju-si in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province. Most products were not available for sale due to difficulties in the production process and online utilization. High prices and similar color, fabric and style hurt competitiveness. Various experiencing programs of Gal-ot and persimmon dyeing were necessary to expand the main target from residents to tourists. Also, marketing strategies using the internet and design plans reflecting current trends were needed. This study would contribute to prepare developmental projects of cultural product and result in economical advantages on Jeju Island.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.467-476
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• 2013

This study investigates the dyeability and the fastness of flame retardant polyester fabric developed by a thermal bonding with a low melting component of flame retardant bicomponent filament (LMFRPC). The fabrics were prepared with flame retardant polyester filaments (FRP) as warp and blended filaments of FRP and LMFRPC as weft. The LMFRPC have a sheath and a core where the core comprises a flame retardant polyester and the sheath comprises a thermoplastic polyester with a low-melting point. The thermal bonding of fabric was conducted in a pin tenter at $170^{\circ}C$ for 60 seconds. Fabric dyeing was conducted with an infrared dyeing machine at various dyeing temperatures and dyeing times. The dyestuffs used in this study were CI disperse Yellow 54, Red 60 and Blue 56 of E-type dyestuff and Orange 30, Red 167 and Blue 79 of S-type dyestuff. This study investigated the morphology of thermal bonded fabric, dyeability and fastness of dyed fabric. Dyeability increased with an increased dyeing temperature. The thermal bonded area increased with the increased LMFRPC content. The dyeability of S-type dyestuff was higher than E-type dyestuff; in addition, the saturated dyeing time was about 20minutes at $130^{\circ}C$ for E and S-type dyestuff. The fastness to washing and rubbing were excellent at a 4-5 Grade.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.10 s.200
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• pp.53-61
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to provide information for the manufacturers of shoes for males to develop more adequate footwear. The data was collected through a questionnaire on purchasing and wearing practices of footwear, and overall satisfaction with the shoes for males. The questionnaire survey was conducted on 237 male adults in the Cheongju area. Most of the respondents were commuting by their own cars and the average walking time in their shoes was five minutes per day. The main reasons for buying new footwear were to replace the worn out footwear or to adapt the color and design coordination with other apparel. Males generally bought footwear from sports brand retailers and individual footwear stores. The criteria for purchasing in order of considered were size, design, price, comfort, and style coordination. During the spring, autumn and winter seasons, the footwear of first choice was ordinary shoes, followed by exercise shoes, but during the summer season they wore sandals next to the ordinary shoes. Regarding the form of the shoes, they preferred classic models with round front and strings. They were satisfied with the design, color and size of the shoes, but the price, quality and durability of the material were considered to be unsatisfactory.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.3 s.68
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• pp.541-549
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• 2007

Goguryo is the ancient dynasty which established the system of ancient state earlier than Baekje and Sila, and was a strong political and military power. Unlike the rock carving works of prehistoric times, mural paintings composed of line and color tones in tombs are characterized more by its social aspect and symbolism as a serious form of art than other cultural heritage of Goguryo. In response to that, this study analyzed the dress and ornaments of women found in Anak No. 3 ancient tomb, Susan-ri ancient tomb, Ssangyeongchong, which are the ancient tombs in Pyeongyang from 4th century to 5th century, have relatively more ancient tombs than any other places and preserved the mural paintings well, by using the plate, slide, literature and data related to relics in order to figure out the characteristics of women's dress and ornament in Goguryo, and the lifestyle and social aspect of Goguryo.