• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.237-242
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• 1973

Two cases of traumatic diaphragmatic hernia are reported, who were operated on in this department during the last 12 months` period. The first case, a 34 year old male, fell from 6 meters` height while he was working on electric pole. He sustained rib fractures, left 8th, 9th and 10th rib, left diaphragmatic rupture and ileal perforation. In the pleural cavity, there were stomach, omentum, left lobe of liver, transverse colon and ileum, which were reduced into the peritoneal cavity, and the diaphragmatic aperture was closed through anterolateral thoracotomy. After closure of the thoracic incision, median abdominal incision was made and closed the ileal perforation by primary suture. The second case was a 19 year old tyre repairman, who felt abrupt severe abdominal pain during lifting a heavy lyre. A barium study revealed a marked displacement of the stomach into the left pleural cavity. Immediately, thoracotomy was performed and closed the ruptured diaphragm after reduction of the herniated stomach, omentum, transverse colon, spleen and small intestine. The size of the diaphragmatic aperture were measured 17cm. in first case and 12cm. in the other respectively. Both cases discharged after uneventful recovery.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.97-104
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• 2000

The temporomandibular joint arthrocentesis is indicated the 'closed lock' due to anterior disc displacement without reduction. It can be easily carried out under local anesthesia with little complications. We performed arthrocentesis to the 24 patients, 9 patients who suffered from acute or chronic closed lock with anterior disc displacement, 2 patients from temporomandibular joint dysfunction related to systemic disease and 13 patients from joint dysfunction with pain. We present the common clinical aspect of arthrocentesis that operator can be easily faced with and possible modifications of this method.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.167-171
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• 2016

Irreducible traumatic knee dislocation is rare. The knee dislocation is classified depending on the incarcerated structures. Complete reduction is achieved by extracting the incarcerated structure. Several reports introduce the reduction of irreducible traumatic knee dislocation by open surgery or arthroscopy. This case describes irreducible posterolateral knee dislocation with interposition of the vastus medialis. Closed reduction failed in the emergency room, and complete reduction was attained by arthroscopically sectioning the muscle and fascia of the vastus medialis in the intercondylar notch.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07b
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• pp.686-688
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• 1996

Network reconfiguration is performed by opening/closing two types of switches, tie and sectionalizing switches. A whole feeder, or part of a feeder, may be served from another feeder by closing a tie switch linking the two while an appropriate sectionalizing switch must be opened to maintain radial structures. In loss reduction, the problem is to identify tie and sectionalizing switches that should be closed and opened, respectively, to achieve a maximum loss reduction. In this paper, it is introduced to propose the reconfiguration plan for loss reduction by using the Civanlar's loss reduction formular.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.3-6
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• 2020

Nowadays, the incidence of nasal bone fracture is increasing because of social complexity with frequent social activity, and reduction of fractures is relatively simple and can be corrected in short operation time. However, the postoperative results are known to be less satisfied with higher complication rates relatively. These problems could have resulted from inaccurate recognition and interpretation of fracture aspect, inaccurate planning of operation resulting in under or overcorrection, ignoring septal management, complication related nasal packings with removal, postoperative management, and patient satisfaction with complication.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.161-166
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• 1998

In this paper, an approach to the reduced order H$_{\infty}$ controller synthesis is proposed. This approach employs the frequency weighted model reduction whose frequency weights are deduced from the closed-loop system regarding the controller order reduction errors as uncertainties in a plant, while the resultant reduced order H$_{\infty}$ controller guarantees prescribed H$_{\infty}$ control performances.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.70-76
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• 2001

Purpose : To evaluate the efficacy of arthrocentesis for treatment of closed lock. Material : 42 patients were diagnosed to closed lock by physical, radiographic examriation and undergone arthrocentesis. All patients have a pain and mouth opening limitation on affected site. Method : Arthrocentesis was done under conscious sedation and local infiltration anesthesia, normal saline and some steroid was injected on upper compartment of tempormandibular joint. After pumping and lavage, manual reduction procedure of anterially displaced disc was done. All the patients wear an anterior repositioning splint just after arthrocentesis. The result of arthrocentesis was assessed by pain and difference of mouth opening. Result : Difference of mouth opening after arthrocentesis was improved to 18.85mm and pain was gradually decreased. All patients were worn stabilization type splint after mean 1.84 months. 6 patients had relapse of mouth opening limitation so done arthrocentesis again and delivered good results.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.230-236
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the incidence, types of fracture, treatment, associated fracture and complications in patients with nasal bone fracture. Materials and methods: Clinical examination, patient's records and radiographic images were evaluated in 230 cases of nasal bone fractures who were treated at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital for recent 5 years; from January 2002 to December 2006. Results: 1. The age of patient was ranged from 4 to 77 years (mean age=36.6 years); Males was 75.7% (n=174), and females 24.3% (n=56). 2. The cause of the nasal bone fracture in this study was a fall or slip down (28.8%, n=66), sports accident (26.0%, n=60), fighting (21.3%, n=49), traffic accident (9.6%, n=22), industrial trauma (7.8%, n=18), and the others (6.6%, n=15). 3. For the patterns of fracture, simple fracture without displacement occured in 10.4% (n=24). Simple fracture with displacement without septal bone fracture was found in 49.5% (n=114). Simple fracture with displacement in company with septal bone fracture showed in 32.6% (n=75). Commiuted fracture with severe depression was presented in 7.4% (n=17). 4. The reduction the displaced nasal bone was carried out in 2 to 10 days (mean 6.8 days) after the injury. 5. Nasal bone fracture associated with Le Fort I fracture (6.5%, n=6.5), Le Fort II fracture (7.4%, n=17), Le Fort III fracture (1.3%, n=3), NOE fracture (13.9%, n=32), ZMC fracture (17.4%, 40), maxillary bone fracture (8.3%, n=19), orbital blow-out fracture (15.7%, n=36), frontal bone fracture (1.3%, n=3) and alveolar bone fracture (10.9%, n=25). 6. The major type of treatment method was closed reduction in 90% (n=207), open reduction in 3% (n=7), and observation in 7% (n=16). 7. There were some complications such as ecchymosis, hyposmia, hypo esthesia and residual nasal deformity which are compatible. Open rhino-plasty was conducted for 3 patients who had residual nasal deformity. Conclusions: These results suggest that most of nasal bone fractures are occurred physically active aged groups(age 10-49 years) and could be treated successfully with closed reduction at 7 days after the injury.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.93-96
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• 2011

Purpose: In most cases of nasal bone fracture, closed reduction with internal or external splint fixation approach is selected. However, because of indiscriminate insertion of the internal splint without considering of anatomical difference or deformity, insufficient fixation happens frequently that need additional fixation. Therefore, we suggest a new method for providing adequate support in reduced nasal bone by carving $Merocel^{(R)}$ that is fixed for the anatomical structure. Method: Closed reduction and internal fixation with carved $Merocel^{(R)}$ was performed in 15 nasal bone fracture patients from March, 2010 to July, 2010. Each patient was evaluated by physical examination, facial photographic check, simple X-ray, and computerized tomography. On the first day post-operation, location of packing and amount of reduction were checked by follow up X-ray and computerized tomography. In addition, patients' symptoms were evaluated. During the 3-month post-op follow up at out-patient clinic, operator, 2 doctors in training and one assistant performed the objective evaluations by physical examination on nasal dorsal hump, nasal deviation, nasal depression, nasal breath difficulty, and nasal airway obstruction. A survey of subjective patients' satisfaction in 4-stages was also performed. Results: The results of follow-up computerized tomography of the 15 patients revealed that 11 patients had good reduced state. Three patients with combined maxillary frontal process fracture had over reductions. A survey performed on the first day post-operation showed that 14 of 15 patients answered that their current symptoms were more than tolerable. At the 3-month follow-up physical exam, one case had a dorsal hump. However, there were no nasal deviations, nasal depressions, nasal breath difficulties, or nasal airway obstructions. Twelve of the 15 patients answered more than moderate on the 3-month survey. Conclusion: Intranasal packing after carving the $Merocel^{(R)}$ considering anatomical structure is a new effective method to promote proper-reduction, maintain stability, and minimize patients' symptoms by addition of a simple procedure.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.1591-1602
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• 1996

In operating the underwater engines such as encountered in exploring submarines, the dumping of the exhaust gas out of the engine requires a large portion of the total power, frequently amounting to 25-30% of the power generated. This unfavorable circumstance can be cured by liquefying the exhaust gas and storing it. In the present study, two liquefaction systems were simulated to enhance the overall efficiency; one is a closed cycle diesel engine and the other is a closed cycle LNG engine. The liquefied natural gas (LNG) is chosen as a fuel, not only because its use is economical but also because its cold energy can be utilized within the liquefaction system. Since a mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide is used as an oxidizer, liquefying carbon dioxide is of major concern in this study. For further improving this system, the intercooling of the compressor is devised. The necessary power consumed for the liquefying system is examined in terms of the related properties such as pressure and temperature of the carbon dioxide vessel as a function of the amount of the exhaust gas which enters the compressor. The present study was successful to show that much gain in the power and reduction of the vessel pressure could be achieved in the case of the closed cycle LNG engine. The compression power of exhaust gas were observed remarkably lower, typically only 6.3% for the closed cycle diesel engine and 3.4% for the closed cycle LNG engine respectively, out of net engine power. For practicality, a design -purpose map of the operating parameters of the liquefaction systems was also presented.