• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.99 no.4
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• pp.470-478
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• 2010

UV-protection skin whitening and immune activities several parts of Acer mono and Acer okamotoanum were investigated. The bark of both Acer mono and Acer okamotoanum had higher yields than other parts as 2.67% and 2.45%. The cytotoxicity of the extracts were lower than 21.64% against human skin cell(CCD-986sk) line in adding 1.0 mg/mL of the highest concentration. The bark extracts of Acer mono greatly reduced the expression of MMP-1 on UV-irradiated CCD-986sk cells down to as 30%. At 1.0 mg/mL of bark extration of Acer mono, $PGE_2$ expression was also significantly decreased. Generally, the bark extracts of Acer mono and Acer okamotoanum had higher activity than other parts, but, interestingly, wood extract of Acer okamotoanum showed strong inhibition effect on melanin production by Clone-M3 cells as 79.25%. From these results, we could conclude that the bark extract from Acer mono and Acer okamotoanum had skin-whitening activity as well immune enhancement activity.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2001.03a
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• pp.52-52
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• 2001

Many nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) kinases are ubiquitous enzymes responsible for the exchange of ${\gamma}$-phosphates between tri- and diphosphonucleosides. The catalytic Many nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) kinases are ubiquitous enzymes responsible for the exchange of ${\gamma}$-phosphates between tri- and diphosphonucleosides. The catalytic reaction follows a ping-pong mechanism in which the enzyme is transiently phosphorylated on a histidine residue conserved in all nucleoside diphosphate kinases. Beside their role in nucleotide synthesis, these enzymes present additional functions, possibly independent of catalysis, in processes such as differentiation, cell growth, tumor progression, metastasis and development. To clone murine nm23-M5, several expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of the GenBank data base, selected according to their homology to nm23-H5 cDNA, reconstituted a complete open reading frame (GenBank AF222750). To test whether murine NDPKs (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) can inhibit Bax-mediated toxicity in yeast, co-transformation was performed respectively. The yeast S.cerevisiae was transformed with a copy expression plasmid containing the histidine selection marker and expressing murine Bax under the control of a galactose-inducible promoter. Several clones were selected and found to be growth inhibited when Bax expression was induced with galactose. A representative clone was transformed again with a copy expression plasmid containing the tryptophane selection marker and expressing either murine Bcl-xL or NDPK under the control of a galactose-inducible promoter. Several subclones of the double-transformants were selected and characterized. The ability of Bcl-xL and NDPKs to suppress Bax-mediated toxicity was determined by growing yeast cells overnight in galactose media and spot-testing on galactose plates starting with an equal number of yeast cells as determined by taking the OD$_{600}$. Ten-fold serial dilutions were used in the spot-test. Plates were grown at 3$0^{\circ}C$ for 2-3 days. All murine NDPKs suppressed Bax dependent apoptosis. Futher study will be peformed whether Bax-toxicity inhibition was caused by NDP kinase activity or additional function.n.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.799-804
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• 2008

Retrovirus tropism can be restricted by host cell factors such as Fv1, TRIM5${\alpha}$, and LvI that inhibit infection by targeting the incoming viral capsid. The Fv1 gene inhibits murine leukemia virus infection in mice, but the precise mechanism of Fv1-mediated restriction is poorly understood. Our previous studies had demonstrated that Fv1-mediated viral tropism can be determined within the capsid protein at position 114. To study the interaction between Fv1 and CA, we introduced amino acid substitution and deletion at this site in the N-tropic AKV capsid gene. The mutated two-LTR proviral DNAs were introduced into SC-1 cells by transfection. After transfection, cell supernatants collected from transfected cells were tested for host range susceptibility. The result indicated that substitution of amino acids did not alter tropism, but the deletion of 114His produced a virus with unusual tropism. The novel phenotype produced here failed to replicate in Fv1-expressing cells. This mutant virus showing such an extreme restriction pattern would be useful for studying the mechanism of Fv1-mediated restriction.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.237-247
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• 2017

Mammalian spermatogenesis occurs in a precise and coordinated manner in the seminiferous tubules. One of the attempts to understand the detailed biological process during mammalian spermatogenesis at the molecular level has been to identify the testis specific genes followed by study of the testicular expression pattern of the genes. From the subtracted cDNA library of rat testis prepared using representational difference analysis (RDA) method, a complimentary DNA clone encoding type III member of a DnaJ family protein, DnaJC18, was cloned (GenBank Accession No. DQ158861). The full-length DnaJC18 cDNA has the longest open reading frame of 357 amino acids. Tissue and developmental Northern blot analysis revealed that the DnaJC18 gene was expressed specifically in testis and began to express from postnatal week 4 testis, respectively. In situ hybridization studies showed that DnaJC18 mRNA was expressed only during the maturation stages of late pachytene, round and elongated spermatids of adult rat testis. Western blot analysis with DnaJC18 antibody revealed that 41.2 kDa DnaJC18 protein was detected only in adult testis. Immunohistochemistry study further confirmed that DnaJC18 protein, was expressed in developing germ cells and the result was in concert with the in situ hybridization result. Confocal microscopy with GFP tagged DnaJC18 protein revealed that it was localized in the cytoplasm of cells. Taken together, these results suggested that testis specific DnaJC18, a member of the type III DnaJ protein family, might play a role during germ cell maturation in adult rat testis.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.127-135
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• 2006

Objectives: The extent of bone formation that occurs at the interface of metallic implants and bone is determined by the number and activity of osteoblastic cells. Stress proteins may be contributing determinants of cell viability in altered environments. Hsp27 is a small Mr hsp which is known as a molecular chaperone. Methods: To better understand how heat shock protein 27 contributes to endosseous implant - associated metal ions affects on osteoblastic cell viability, the effect of chromium and titanium ions were compared to effects of cadmium ions in the ROS17/2.8 osteoblastic cell line. Results: ROS17/2.8 osteoblastic cell line demonstrated ion - specific reductions in growth; reductions were significantly greater for cadmium than for chromium or titanium. Chromium impaired growth of cultures without altering cell viability measured using the MTT assay. A stable transformed cell line expressing additional hsp27(clone "A7") was resistant to the toxic effects of titanium and partially protected from cadmium toxicity. Conclusions: A role for hsp27 in protection of osteoblastic cells from metal ion toxicity is supported by the chromium - induced elevations in hsp27 abundance and the behavior of the A7 cell line in response to metal ions in culture. Similar biochemical responses to altered cellular environments may contribute to the fate of tissues adjacent to select metallic implants.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.135-141
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• 2003

Peroxiredoxin(Pix) are large family of peroxidases that reduce alkyl hydroperoxides and hydrogen peroxide. A cDNA clone (referred to as swPrxl) encoding Pix was from a sweetpotato cDNA library constructed from suspension-sultured cells, and its expression was investigated in terms of stress. The swPrxl contained an open reading frame (ORF) encoding mature protein of 193 amino acids with calculated molecular mass of 20.8kDa. The predicted amino acid sequence of swPrxl has two conserved cysteines that are essential resicues for the reduction of peroxides. It showed high amino acid sequence homology ot PixIIF of Arabidopsis (77%) and putative Prx of rice(72%). RNA gel-blot analysis showed that swPrxl gene was expressed dominantly in leave among intact tissues, and also highly detect in suspension-cultured cells. Interestingly, the level of swPrxl transcripts was almost the same regardless of the growth stage in suspension culture. Furthermore, the transcription level of swPrxl gene was not significantly changed in response to various stress treatments such as wounding, extreme temperature and stress-related chemicals RT-PCR analyses.

• The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.129-138
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• 1998

Bovine growth hormone (bGH) gene was expressed in an insect Spodoptera frugiperda cell line using a Baculovirus, Hyphantria cunea nuclear polyhedrosis virus (HcNPV). The bGH gene in pbGH plasmid was sequenced and amplified by PCR technique with two primers containing NcoI sites. The bGH gene consisted of 654 bp (217 amino acid residues), the 5'-untranslated region of the cloned bGH cDNA contains 56 bp, and the 3'-untranslated region contains 145 bp and two pallindromic regions. The amplified bGH gene DNA fragment (654 bp) was inserted into the NcoI site of the pHcEVII vector, which was named pHcbGH. The pHcbGH transfer vector DNA and the wild type HcNPV DNA were cotransfected into S. frugiperda cells to construct a recombinant virus. Eight recombinant viruses were selected and named HcbGH. One clone, HcbGH-4-1 showed largest plaque size, therefore the recombinant virus was further studied. The multiplication pattern of the recombinant HcbGH-4-1 was similar to that of the wild type HcNPV. The bGH gene DNA in the HcbGH-4-1 recombinant was confirmed by Southern blot hybridization. The amount of the bGH (217 amino acid residues, 21 kDa) produced in S. frugiperda cells infected with the HcbGH-4-1 recombinant was approximately 5.5 ng per ml ($10^6$ cells) by radioimmunoassay.

• BMB Reports
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• v.43 no.12
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• pp.789-794
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• 2010

A novel gene, designated mgt-6, containing four splicing variants, was isolated from a gene trap clone library of C3H/10T1/2 cells transfected with retroviral promoterless gene-trap vector, ROSAFARY. The transcript variants were differentially expressed in murine tissues and cell lines and differentially responded to diverse stimuli including TGF-${\beta}1$ and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors. The mgt-6 gene encoded a protein of 37 or 11 amino acid residuals with cytoplasmic distribution. However, when C3H/10T1/2 cells were treated with 5-azacytidine, the protein translocated into cell nucleus as indicated by fused LacZ or C-terminally tagged EGFP. Our preliminary results suggest that further study on the role of mgt-6 gene in cell transformation and differentiation may be of significance.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2010

Enhancement effect of ultrasonification process on UV-protection and skin-whitening activities using Centella asiatica L. Urban extract was investigated. Cytotoxicity of the extracts measured on human skin fibroblast cells, CCD-986sk, and then, ultrasonification associated extracts showed 5~9% lower cytotoxicity then normal crude extracts on 1.0 mg/$m{\ell}$ of highest sample concentration. The associated extrats showed highest inhibition activity of hyaluronidase on 1.0 mg/$m{\ell}$ of concentration as 54.2%. Also, the associated extract reduced expression of MMP-1 on UV-irradiated CCD-986sk cells down to 100.2% from 136.1%, and revealed high inhibitory potency on tyrosinase as 74.6% by adding 1.0 mg/$m{\ell}$ of concentration. Ultrasonification associated extract showed strong inhibition effect of melanin production on Clone M-3 cells as 84.2% by adding 1.0 mg/$m{\ell}$ of concentration. From the preliminary observations, we considered that the extracts from C. asiatica could be potent natural materials for skin-whitening and anti-aging agent, and could enhance the activities by ultrasonification process.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.32 no.2 s.125
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• pp.163-167
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• 2001

Prunella vulgaris L. aqua-acupuncture solution (PVAS) was tested for cancer chemopreventive activity using chemoprevention-associated biochemical end points. The following effects were measured. : (a) inhibition of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced cytochrome P4501A1 activity (b) inhibition of $[^3H]B[a]P-DNA$ binding (c) inhibition of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA)-induced free radical formation in HL-60 cells (d) inhibition of polyamine metabolism. PVAS inhibited cytochrome P4501A1-mediated ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity. The binding of $[^3H]B[a]P$ metabolites to DNA of NCTC-clone 1469 cells was inhibited significantly by PVAS. There is 22% inhibition of TPA-induced free radical formation in human leukemic cells with 5 mg/ml PVAS. Proliferation of Acanthamoeba castellanii was inhibited by PAVS at concentration of 30 mg/ml. PAVS positive in these assays may inhibit the carcinogenesis process and is considered very promising cancer-preventing agent because of its multiple activities.