• 사회복지연구
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.5-34
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• 2011

최근에 들어 대규모의 재난으로 인한 인명과 재산의 피해를 보면서 재난정신건강에 대한 관심의 필요성이 부각되고 있다. 본 연구는 재난 피해자의 정신건강 문제의 발생과 회복과정의 다양한 사회경제적 영향요인 등에 관한 실증적 연구와 이론적 논의에 대한 검토를 근거로 다차원적 재난정신건강 서비스 모델을 제시하였다. 재난피해자의 정신건강문제는 재난이란 외상적 경험과 개인내적 특성에 의해 영향을 받지만, 재난 복구 과정에 개인과 지역사회가 겪는 사회·경제·정치적 경험이 정신건강문제에 지대한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 재난피해자에 대한 임상적 개입에만 초점을 두는 전통적 재난정신건강모델보다는 재난 피해자 개인과 지역공동체, 이들을 둘러싸고 있는 다양한 환경체계에 대한 다각적인 개입을 포함하는 다차원적 재난정신건강 서비스로의 전환을 제안하였다. 다차원적 모델은 전통적인 사회복지의 개입전략들을 활용하면서 재난 피해자 개인과 지역공동체의 정신건강과 사회경제적 정의를 실현할 수 있는 다양한 차원에서 개입 전략과 사회복지분야가 취해야 할 방향을 제시하였다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.20.1-20.14
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• 2022

Objectives: The study investigated the difficulties experienced by endodontics researchers around the world in conducting studies and writing papers. Materials and Methods: A survey consisting of 18 questions on the difficulties experienced by endodontics researchers in performing studies and writing papers was e-mailed to academics in the field of endodontics working at 202 universities. The independent risk factors were analyzed using binary logistic regression at a significance level of 0.05. Results: A total of 581 individuals (10.7%) agreed to participate in the study. Almost half the participants (48.2%) reported that they had received some type of training in conducting studies and writing papers. In response to the question, "Do you get help from a statistician to perform the statistical analyses of your studies?," 77.1% answered "yes." Around 40% of the participants stated that the need to obtain ethical approval negatively affected their desire to conduct studies. The participants' regions had no effect on the reported difficulties associated with writing papers in English or conducting statistical analyses (p > 0.05). Most participants (81.8%) reported difficulties in writing the Discussion section, regardless of their region, academic degrees, or years of experience. Conclusions: The participants stated they experienced difficulties in many areas, such as conducting statistical analyses, finding new ideas, and writing in English. Engaging in a detailed examination of ethics committee rules, expanding biostatistics education, increasing the number of institutions providing research funding, and increasing the number of endodontics journals can increase the enthusiasm of endodontics researchers to publish papers.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.41-57
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• 1995

전문대학의 교육목표는 중견기술인을 교육하고 직업교육을 통하여 현장에 취업케 하는 것인바, 치기공과는 치과보철학의 이론 및 실습을 통하여 치과에서 의뢰한 치과기공물을 제작할 수 있는 치과기공사를 교육하는 학습내용이 요구된다. 임상실습은 3년제 교과과정의 가장 중요한 부분으로 대부분의 전문대학이 임상실습 학점을 강제규정으로 요구하고 있으며 임상실습은 단순한 실기능력 향상 만을 기대하기보다는 실기능력 향상과 이에 따른 실무적응능력과 취업률의 향상, 그리고 치과기공소의 유능한 기공사의 확보에 있어 임상실습의 3년제 교과 과정중 가장 중요한 점으로 인식되고 활용되어야 한다. 그러나 임상실습은 본인과 학교의 노력만으로 되는 것이 아니고 기관의 임상실습의 중요성에 대한 인식과 전폭적인 지원이 요구되어야 하며 임상실습은 취업과 연계되어 치과기공사의 질적인 향상은 궁극적으로는 치과기공소의 경영에 유익을 주는 것이다. 3년제 교과과정의 임상실습을 산학협동체제로 교육함에 있어 졸업 후 취업현장에 바로 투입될 수 있도록 운영되어야 하는데, 임상실습기관에 대한 사전 정보를 수집하고 분석하며 임상실습기관과 유기적인 관계를 맺는 것은 임상실습교육의 효율적인 운영과 실습효과의 제고와 이에 따른 취업율을 향상시킬 수 있는데 도움이 되고자 본 대학의 서울지역 임상실습기관과 협조 의뢰하게 될 27개 치과기공소 대표자를 대상으로 설문조사를 하고 이와 아울러 전국 14개 전문대학 치기공과 교과과정표에 나타난 임상실습교과목을 검토하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 임상실습기관 대표자의 연령은 35-39세가 40.7%로 가장 많았고, 남자가 96.3%로 대부분이며 학력은 전문대 졸업 이상이 97.5%와 경력 10년 이상이 92.6%이며 85.2%가 도재기공물 분야에 주력하고 있었다. 교육을 위한 세미나실이 준비되어 있는 기공소는 29.6%였는데, 건평이 40평 이상인 기공소에서는 11.1%로 가장 높았고, 30-34평과 35-39평이 각각 7.4%였다. 치과기공소의 경영측면에서 치과기공소에 제작하는 기공물의 종류를 보면, 전 분야의 기공물을 제작하는 곳은 29.6%였으며, 교정장치물 또는 토재기공물의 단일 품목만을 전문으로 하는 곳은 각 각 7.4%와 3.7%였다. 거래치과수는 30-39개소가 40.7%가 가장 많았고, 1일 의뢰 건수는 10-19건수가 40.7%가 가장 많았고, 의뢰받은 기공물의 제작기일은 77.8%가 3-4일이었다. 임상실습에 대한 협조 의뢰에 대하여 충분히 고려한 후 수락하겠다가 51.9%, 순서대로 수락하겠다가 36.0%였고 교육가능 인원은 1개 대학 3명까지가 40.7%, 2개 대학 3명까지가 37.0%였다. 기공소 대표자 3년제 교육과정 연장에 따라 졸업생에 대한 견해는 3년제 교육과정 교육연한의 연장으로 인한 3년제 졸업생들의 초임을 포함한 임금에 대한 견해는 지급 수준보다 높아야 한다가 44.4%, 그렇지 않다가 55.5%로 더 높았고, 3년제 졸업생들은 2년제보다 치과기공사로서 직업에 종사하는 비율이 증가할 것이라고 기대하는 사람은 74.1%나 되었고, 교육과정 연장에 따라 이론 및 실기 모두가 향상할 것이라고 기대하는 것은 51.9%, 실기면에서 우세할 것이 29.6%, 이론이 향상할 것이다는 14.8%의 순서로 96.3%가 향상될 것으로 기대하고 있어 긍정적인 견해를 가지고 있었다. 임상실습시 기대는 단지 실습기회만 제공한다가 59.3%였고, 임상실습시 별 문제가 없었다가 33.3%였으나 시간낭비와 번거롭다가 25.9%, 29.0%였으며, 임상실습시 강조점은 투철한 직업관 확립이 44.4%로 가장 높았다. 본 대학 임상실습기관으로 협조 의뢰 할 치과기공소는 임상실습을 위하여 선별된 것으로 비교적 규모면에서 면적이 널고 경영상태가 양호하나, 대부분의 기공소는 경영규모가 영세하고 작업 환경이 열악하므로 실습생을 교육할 수 있는 일정 규모 이상의 임상실습기관을 확보하기가 어렵고, 임상실습기관인 치과기공소는 단지 실습지를 제공하는 공급자의 입장에서 실습지도를 할 인력이나 시간도 제한되어 있다. 따라서 학교 간의 일정한 시간 차를 두어 실습시기를 탄력적으로 운영하며, 치과기공소의 경영유형에 따라 일부 기공물을 제작하지 않는 곳도 있고 또 단일 품목의 전문 치과기공소도 있어서 이들은 상호 연결하여 실습생들이 실습기관을 순환하는 방법을 활용하는 것이 바람직하며 산학협동차원에서 임상실습이 취업이 연계될 수 있도록 인턴사원제로 적극 활용을 유도해야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 인간행동과 음악연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.19-40
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 보건복지부에 의해 지정된 54개 호스피스 완화의료 기관에서 시행되고 있는 음악치료에 대한 수치 기반의 현황 자료를 제공하는 것이다. 54개 기관의 코디네이터에게 E-mail로 설문지를 발송하여 총 47개 기관(87%)의 음악치료사와 코디네이터로부터 E-mail과 우편으로 회신을 받았다. 조사기간은 2014년 10월 30일부터 12월 5일까지였으며, 음악치료사 대상 설문지는 근무조건/처우, 음악치료 환경, 진행 및 개인역량 등 총 65문항으로 구성하였다. 코디네이터 대상 설문지는 각 기관의 음악치료 시행 여부 및 코디네이터의 관점에서 바라 본 음악치료의 현황과 개인정보 등 총 28문항으로 구성하였다. 설문에 응답한 47개 기관 중 음악치료 시행 기관은 22개 기관(46.8%)이었으며, 음악치료사 28명 가운데, 음악치료를 전공한 음악치료사는 19명(67.9%)인 것으로 파악되었다. 세션 준비, 수행, 평가와 관련해 음악치료를 진행하기에 적합한 환경이 갖추어져 있는지를 묻는 문항에 대해 음악치료사(M = 3.43, SD = 0.96)와 코디네이터(M = 2.73, SD = 0.77)의 응답 간에 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다(p < .05). 국내 호스피스 완화의료에서의 음악치료는 현재 시행 기관이 많지 않고 환경이 열악하지만, 음악치료에 대한 인식 결과를 볼 때 향후 호스피스 완화의료에서 보다 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구의 결과는 한국 호스피스 완화의료 기관에서의 음악치료 현황에 대한 최초의 정량적, 통계적 기초자료로서 의의가 있다.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.51-60
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• 1998

The result of studying papers about management of lower back pain published in domestic and foreign nursing and medical magazines in these 10 years is as follows ; 1. General characteristic of lower back pain ; 1) In sex distribution, there were more men than women in 5 papers and more women than men in 4 papers among 9 papers surveryed. 2) In age distribution, thirties to forties of patients had more lower back pain as surveyed by general hospitals and fifties to sixties of patients had more lower back pain as surveyed by oriental medical hospitals. 3) In cause factor, there were 50 to 65% of sprain, 32 to 44% of herniated intervertebral disc and 13 to 29% of degenerative changes. 4) In symtom distribution, there were 26 to 57% of lower back pain, 42 to 65% of lower back pain with radiating pain and 34 to 99% of paravertevral muscle spasm. 5) In period of pain management distribution, 18 to 40% of patients experienced pain for less than 6 months and 59 to 82% of them experienced pain for more than 6 months in 3 papers among 4 papers. 6) In surveying the treatment, 66 to 88% of patients had conservative treatment and there were treatments of general hospital, oriental medicine, self remedy and traditional practice in conservative treatment. 7) In job distribution, 12 to 50% of them were housekeepers, 23 to 31% office workers, 4.6 to 36% blue color workers and 11 to 15% students. 2. As psychological character lower back pain paients had anxiety, depression, anger-hostility, phobic anxiety, neurasthenia, hypochondriasis, and interpersonal sensitivity. 3. To distinguish the cause of lower back pain, plain lumbar roentgenogram, straight leg rasing test, eletromyelogic findings, somatosensory evoked potentials CT and MRI were performed. 4. To relieve lower back pain. epidural adhesiolysis, epidulal injection of local anesthetic in mixture with steroid, lumbar spinal root block, low level laser therapy, acupuncture like transcutaneous nerve stimulation(AL TENS), topical capsaicin and lumbar orthotics were used in medical field, and relaxation technique was used in nursing field. 5. Mckenzie's extension exercise and William's flexsion exercise for lower back pain were used in medical field and Yoga exercise was applied in nursing field. 6. The more school education and self efficacy were high, the better they had active coping lower back pain positively and the less self efficacy was the more they had serious pain. As a result of studying the paper there have been very little research for lower back pain in nursing fields of Korea and foreign countries. Because 60 to 80% of population expeience lower back pain at least more than once, it is necessary to develop the study and clinical practice for management of lower back pain.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.13-26
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• 1975

Seven aspects of attitude toward marriage in Korea are examined to better understand present and future marriage patterns. Also, various facets of current marriage practice are compared with attitudes. The study comprises three groups of roughly 600 women each, selected by random sampling from a rural, an urban, and a semi-urban area. A carefully designed and pretested questionnaire was checked for reliability by a reinterview in a 15% subsample. The great majority of Korean women support traditional attitudes that one must or should marry. The small group who recommend that one should not marry are mostly the very young or the never married, whose attitudes still may change. However, there are important and probably predictive shifts in favor of more individual decision, especially among the better educated, the young, and the more urban. Traditional reasons for marriage such as "custom" and procreation are ranked first by a majority, but there is a large shift to more contemporary or liberal desire for companionship and love, also primarily among the better educated, the urban, the young, and the never married. The traditional attitude that parents should have the sole or major role in mate selection is still held by a bare majority; the educated, urban, young, and never married are more liberal. Only 6% opt for each of the two extremes: That the parent alone or the respondent alone should decide. The remainder prefer one of the two middle-of-the-road positions where parent and child together decide. The proportions of respondents who classed specified criteria as moat important for selecting a husband, arranging the criteria in order from traditional to contemporary were: Lineage, etc., 23%; personal attributes, 40%; health and education, 27%; and love, 10%. The changing attitudes are suggested by the fact that love was ranked first by only 3% of the poorly educated rural poulation versus 23% of urban college level and 31% of the urban never married. There has been a substantial rise in the ideal age of marriage over the past twelve or more years, but there also is evidence that the ideal age is at or near a ceiling. Knowledge about legal age of marriage is minimal; the implications of this for proposed legislation are discussed. Three-fifthes to four-fifths of all respondents married husbands of the same religious, residential, and economic backgrounds as themselves. Almost all of them married men of the same or higher educational level. These evidences of traditional influences in mate selection are contrasted with the low priority given some of those items in earlier questions on reasons for marriage and criterion for selecting husband. Contrary to the expressed attitudes as to who should select the husband, we find that marriages of the study sample were stated to be arranged by parents alone in 62%; and in another 23%, the parents made the decision but asked the respondent's views. Such arrangements were most frequent among the rural, the less educated, and the older respondents and less common in the urban and more educated. The implications of these and related findings are discussed.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1974

Data from this study support the View that the following factors are not sufficiently important in Korea to invalidate the relationships observed between age of marriage and fertility: (1) Premarital pregnancy and common law marriage, (2) shortening of birth intervals in late marriages, (3) adverse effects of very eary marriage in reproductive capacity, and (4) postponement of first pregnancy among early marriages. Thirteen variables which were considered to be potential predictors of fertility were studied to determine their influence on three indices of fertility. Age of marriage and family planning praetice are the strongest predictors and account for about 10% and 7% of the total variance, respectively. Seven other factors each account for an intermediate amount of variability; these are ideal number of children, rural versus urban study area, education, aspiration for daughter, index of exposure to mass media, economic index of respondent's home at survey, and residence before marriage. The remaining variables have no consistently significant relationship to fertility. Most of the relationships appear to be stable and consistent over time; others appear to be changing. The latter group include those variables which are associated with modernization indices of family planning practice, mass media exposure. and aspiration for daughters. Thus, the index of family planning practice is of limited significance for the $40{\sim}49$ age group but is the most important variable for the $20{\sim}29$ year women. The relationship is a direct one for the two age groups between 30 and 49 years which suggests that these groups already had high fertility when family planning services became available and that this high fertility then became an inducement to acccept contraception. The pattern of relationship is not yet clear for the $20{\sim}29$ year group. Similar interactions are observed for the other indices of modernity and are discussed. The thirteen variables together can account for a maximum of about 40% of the variance in the number of live births in the age group $30{\sim}39$, and for lesser amounts of variance in other age and fertility groupings.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.929-939
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to identify knowledge of universal precautions and its performance in practice. The research was conducted from November 2 to 30, 1998. A total 515 student nurses ; 249 from a baccalaureate nursing college and 266 from second and third year of a 3-year community nursing college were surveyed. The results are as following : 1. The average score for universal precautions knowledge was 270.41$\pm$19.43/300(range 150-300). The results showed that 99.2% of students avoid injury from used needles, 98.6% answered that they always wash their hands if they had contact with the patient's blood and they always dispose of used needles in special collectors (97.7%) for needles. But, 39.2% responsed that they dispose of used needles after recapping them. 2. The average score for universal precautions knowledge of the senior students in the 4-year college was the highest (277.65$\pm$13.99). 3. The average score for the performance of universal precautions knowledge was 53.18 $\pm$5.91(range 14-70). The items : ‘I cautiously avoid injury from the used needles’(4.92$\pm$0.33), ‘I always wash my hands if there has been contact with the patient's blood’(4.91$\pm$0.34), and ‘I always disposed of used needles in the appropriate collector’(4.89$\pm$0.42) showed the highest performance. However ‘I always dispose of used needles after recapping them’(2.19$\pm$1.39) and ‘I always use protection goggles when in danger of contamination’(2.19$\pm$1.20) showed low performance level. 4. The highest average score for universal precautions performance was shown among the second year students in 3-year nursing college (54.19$\pm$6.92) between the groups. It showed that the level of the universal precautions performance was higher for those who had education on university precautions prior to performance of the universal precautions than for those without any prior education. 5. The percentage of students who reported the experience of direct contact with patients' blood and/or body fluids was 42.30%. The experience of direct contact with blood and/or body fluids of the educational group was significantly higher than those were not educated. 6. The most frequent cause of the direct contact was ‘needle pricking and/or skin cut’(63.04%). The most frequent substance with which the students contact was ‘blood’(59.85%). The majority of the sample had answered that the mode of contamination was ‘unknown’(63.54%). The majority of the sample answered that strategies used after contamination included ‘washing with soap’(33.61%). Reviewing the chart of patients or asking other health professionals(28.85%). 7. The number of students who had the experience of a needle stick and/or skin cut was 145(28.16%). The clinical practice places where the incidents occurred were mainly in the internal medicine unit (45.07%) and the surgical unit (31.92%) followed by the intensive care unit and the emergency unit in order. The experience of a needle stick and/or skin cut happened during on intra-muscular injection 47.34% and intravenous injection 21.81%. The causes of the needle stick and/or skin cut were ‘putting the needle cap back on 77(35.81%)’. The number of students who took an appropriate post management blood test and/or vaccination was 27(18.62%). 8. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient between the knowledge of universal precautions and performance of universal precautions in practice showed a positive correlation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권16호
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• pp.6863-6870
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• 2015

Background: Breast cancer accounted for almost 25% of all cancers in women globally in 2012. Although breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in India, there is no organised national breast cancer screening programme. Local studies on the burden of breast cancer are essential to develop effective context-specific strategies for an early detection breast cancer programme, considering the cultural and ethnic heterogeneity in India. This study examined the knowledge, attitudes, and practices about breast cancer in rural women in Central India. Materials and Methods: This community-based cross sectional study was conducted in Wardha district, located in Maharashtra state in Central India in 2013. The sample included 1000 women (609 rural, 391 urban) aged 13-50 years, selected as representative from each of the eight development blocks in the district, using stratified cluster sampling. Trained social workers interviewed women and collected demographic and socio-economic data. The instrument also assessed respondents' knowledge about breast cancer and its symptoms, risks, methods of screening, diagnosis and treatment, as well as their attitudes towards breast cancer and selfreported practices of breast cancer screening. Chi-square and t-test were applied to assess differences in the levels of knowledge, attitude, and practice (the outcome variables) between urban and rural respondents. Multivariable linear regression was conducted to analyse the relationship between socio-demographic factors and the outcome variables. Results: While about two-thirds of rural and urban women were aware of breast cancer, less than 7% in rural and urban areas had heard about breast self-examination. Knowledge about breast cancer, its symptoms, risk factors, diagnostic modalities, and treatment was similarly poor in both rural and urban women. Urban women demonstrated more positive attitudes towards breast cancer screening practices than their rural counterparts. Better knowledge of breast cancer symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment correlated significantly with older age, higher levels of education, and being office workers or in business. Conclusions: Women in rural Central India have poor knowledge about breast cancer, its symptoms and risk factors. Breast self-examination is hardly practiced, though the willingness to learn is high. Positive attitudes towards screening provide an opportunity to promote breast self-examination.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2018

Objectives: To investigate the characteristics of patients diagnosed with dementia or mild cognitive impairment who are treated by means of a blend between Western and Korean medicine. Methods: We searched for outpatients with dementia or mild cognitive impairment by means of a collaboration between Western and Korean medicine from August 1, 2015, to July 31, 2017, through electronic medical records in Wonkwang Hospital. The records were retrospectively analyzed according to the patients' demographic and clinical characteristics, pathway of medical care, diagnostic tests, treatment, and medical expenses. Results: Thirteen patients were included in the analysis. Among them, six patients were diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment, five with dementia, Alzheimer's type, one patient with frontotemporal dementia, and one patient with unspecified dementia. Twelve of the thirteen patients were over 60 years of age. The number of pathways from the Dept. of Neurology to the Dept. of Neuropsychiatry of Korean Medicine was almost the same as the opposite pathway. The most used diagnostic test in Korean medicine was a neuropsychological test such as SNSB, MMSE and GDS. In Western medicine, hematology and neuroimaging were frequently used for patients. Acupuncture in Korean medicine and medication in Western medicine were the most frequently used. In Korean medicine, uncovered service costs were much higher than covered service costs,. whereas, in Western medicine, covered service costs were higher than uncovered service costs. Conclusions: This study describes the basic characteristics of dementia and mild cognitive impairment patients treated by a collaboration between Western and Korean medicine. Based on these results, a clinical pathway of the collaborative practice system between Western and Korean medicine for dementia patients needs to be developed.