• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제63권7호
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• pp.278-283
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• 2020

Background: Major questions remain regarding the agestratified trends of allergic diseases and asthma in Korea. Purpose: To identify the estimated recent prevalence and 10-year trends in asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis among the Korean population from 2008 to 2017. Methods: This nationwide cross-sectional survey (Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) over 10 years (2008-2017) examined representative samples of the Korean population (n=85,006) including 2,131 infants, 4,352 preschool children, 12,919 school-age children, 44,200 adults, and 21,404 elderly adults. Results: In the 2016 to 2017 population, the estimated prevalence of asthma was 0.9% in infants, 2.3% in preschool children, 4.1% in school-age children, 2.3% in adults, and 4.1% in the elderly. The estimated prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 9.0%, 20.2%, 27.6%, 17.1%, and 6.9%, respectively. The estimated prevalence of atopic dermatitis was 5.9%, 11.3%, 14.6%, 3.9%, and 1.6%, respectively. Ten-year trends revealed a significant decrease in asthma prevalence in infants, preschool children, and the elderly. and in atopic dermatitis prevalence in infants and preschool children (P<0.05 for all trends). Furthermore, 10-year trends demonstrated a significant increase in allergic rhinitis prevalence in school-age children, adults, and the elderly, and in atopic dermatitis prevalence in school-age children and the elderly (P<0.05 for all trends). Conclusion: These results improve our understanding of the age-stratified epidemiology of allergic diseases in Korea and suggest the need for the development of tailored and precise strategies to prevent allergic diseases in different age groups.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2020

Allergic diseases, including atopic dermatitis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and food allergies, could be caused by dysbiosis that results in an immune system imbalance. The incidence of allergic diseases has been increasing and they are now one of the most common diseases throughout the world. Recently, probiotics have been suggested as an alternative intervention for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases. Probiotics are endogenous microflora with functional effects within hosts. They have various clinical and immunological capacities and have recently been considered as a supplement for the treatment and prevention of allergic diseases. Probiotic bacteria modulate immune cells such as Th1, Th2, and regulatory T cells that are correlated with protection against atopic dermatitis, however, safety concerns for the use of probiotics have been raised. Therefore, further research is needed to clarify the efficacy and safety of probiotics in the treatment of allergic diseases.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.675-686
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop an Allergic Rhinitis-Specific Quality of Life (ARSQOL) scale and verify its validity and reliability. Methods: ARSQOL was developed in 5 steps. Items for the preliminary instrument of ARSQOL were developed through a literature review and deep interviews with allergic rhinitis patients. Face validity with Content Validity Index (CVI), construct validity using factor analysis, and known group comparison, criterion validity test using correlation between ARSQOL and total nasal symptoms score (TNSS) were conducted to evaluate the validity of ARSQOL. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was used to evaluate the reliability of ARSQOL. Results: CVI for the items in the final ARSQOL were. 92. Five factors including discomfort associated with nasal symptoms (4 items), physical function (7 items), mental function (5 items), sleep disorder and social function (4 items), and problems of daily life (6 items) were identified through factor analysis and these five factors explained 66.6% of the total variance. The correlation coefficient between TNSS and the total score of life quality was -.69. In the group comparison, the persistent allergic rhinitis group showed lower ARSQOL scores than the intermittent patient group, and moderate to the severe allergic rhinitis patient group presented poorer ARSQOL than the mild symptom patient group. The Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ reliability coefficient was .95. Conclusion: Results show that the ARSQOL has good reliability and validity and thus ARSQOL is a useful scale for clinical practices and research as a measure of quality of life in adults with allergicr hinitis.

• 셀메드
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.25.1-25.7
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• 2020

Allergic Rhinitis (AR) is an IgE (immunoglobin-E) mediated inflammatory condition of upper respiratory tract; main clinical features involve runny nose, sneezing, nasal obstruction, itching and watery eyes. AR is a global problem and has large variations in incidences, currently affects up to 20% - 40% of the population worldwide. It may not be a life-threatening disease per se but indisposition from the condition can be severe and has the potential to adversely affect the daily functioning of life. Classical yoga literature indicates that, components of yoga have been used to treat numerous inflammatory conditions including upper respiratory tract. A few yoga intervention studies reported improvement in lung capacity, Nasal air flow and symptoms of allergic rhinitis. This review examined various anti-inflammatory pathways mediated through Yoga that include downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines. The hypothalaminic-pitutary-adrenal (HPA) axis and vagal efferent stimulation has been reported to mediate anti-inflammatory effect. A significant reduction is also reported in other inflammatory biomarkers like- TNF-alpha, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), plasma CRP and Cortisol level. Neti, a yogic nasal cleansing technique, reported beneficial effect on AR by direct physical cleansing of thick mucus, allergens, and inflammatory mediator from nasal mucosa resulting in improved ciliary beat frequency. We do not find any study showing effect of yoga on neurogenic inflammation. In summary, Integrated Yoga Therapy may have beneficial effect in reducing symptoms and improving quality of life for patients with allergic rhinitis. Yoga may reduce inflammation through mediating neuro-endocrino-immunological network. Future studies are needed to explore the mechanism how yoga might modulate immune inflammation cascade and neurogenic inflammation at the cellular level in relevance to allergic rhinitis; the effects of kriyas (yogic cleansing techniques) also need to be evaluated in early and late phase of AR. So the proposed model could guide future research.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.52-60
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• 2016

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze studies about the effects of topical application of Chinese herbal medicine for allergic rhinitis within randomized controlled trials (RCT). Methods The search database includes KJTK (Korean Traditional Knowledge Portal), OASIS (Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated system), CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), PubMed, and EMBASE. We used the following key search terms: "allergic rhinitis", "traditional Chinese medicine", "traditional Korean medicine", "Chinese herbal medicine", "randomized controlled trial", "clinical study", "nasal spray", and "nasal drop" Results Five studies were selected for analysis. Three studies used nasal spray of Chinese herbal medicine and two studies used nasal drops of Chinese herbal medicine for the intervention. Frequently used herbs were Magnoliae Flos (辛夷), Scutellariae Radix (黃芩), Coptidis Rhizoma (黃連), and Astragali Radix (黃芪). For the outcome measures, studies used symptom score, questionnaire of Quality of Life, nasal airway resistance, or laboratory studies. From all 5 studies, it has been shown that topical application of Chinese herbal medicine was effective for improving symptoms of allergic rhinitis. Two out of five studies showed statistical difference between study group and control group. Conclusions This study shows that topical application of Chinese herbal medicine can improve symptoms of allergic rhinitis. Well-designed RCT studies with low risk of bias and studies with outcome measures for assessing the immunomodulatory effects are necessary to confirm these findings.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2015

Objective : The aim of this study was to suggest guidelines using Nasal endoscopy index for objective pattern identification in allergic rhinitis patients. we performed a clinical study to investigate the relationship between Nasal endoscopy index and Cold-heat pattern identification for allergic rhinitis patients.Methods : We assessed 32 patients with allergic rhinitis using Nasal endoscopy index and the patients filled in Cold-Heat pattern questionnaires. Then, we analyzed the relationship between Nasal endoscopy index and Cold-heat pattern identification.Results : Pale and watery rhinorrhea scores were positively correlated with Cold questionnaire score (P<0.05).Conclusion : The results suggest that pattern identification using nasal endoscopy for allergic rhinitis can be useful for assessing the diagnosis of Cold-heat pattern identification and deciding guidelines of treatment.Acknowledgments : This work was supported by a Grant of the Traditional Korean Medicine R&D Project, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea (HI12C1889 and HI13C0530).

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.40-49
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• 2003

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2019

Objectives : This clinical trial is performed to investigate the effect of improving the hypersensitivity reaction and the safety of powdered ethanol extract Codonopsis lanceolata (S. et Z.) Trautv. for allergic patients. Methods : This study was randomized, double blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. 60 allergic rhinitis subjects were randomly assigned to Treatment group(n=30) and Control group(n=30). They were received the test substance or placebo in their $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ visit, and took it once a day, 1 powder bag per 1 time, for 8 weeks. The freeze dried powder of Codonopsis lanceolata (S. et Z.) Trautv. was mixed with 30% ethanol and the filtrate was collected thrice with constant stirring of the mixture. The placebo was prepared in the same form as the test substance by replacing with corn starch. Total Nasal Symptom Score(TNSS) questionnaires and laboratory tests were performed at the screening and last visit to evaluate the efficacy. And to assess safety, vital signs and adverse events were confirmed at every visit. Statistical analysis about the result was performed using SAS 9.4. Results : In treatment group, there was a significant decrease in B cell after taking the test substance(p<0.005). And there was a statistically significant difference between groups(p<0.005). Changes in nasal symptoms were not statistically significant between groups, and both groups showed statistically significant differences before and after the test(p<0.0001). Also there were no adverse events associated with the clinical trial product. Conclusions : This clinical trial showed that Codonopsis lanceolata (S. et Z.) Trautv. extract was helpful in improving the hypersensitivity reaction in allergic patients without significant side effects.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.143-153
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• 2013

Objective : This study was done to define the treatment protocol of Traditional Korean Medicine for persistent allergic rhinitis, which might be necessary for conducting PRCT study. Methods : Data were collected by questionnaire from Korean Medicine doctors participated in the Conference of The Korean Oriental Medical Ophthalmology & Otolaryngology & Dermatology Society in October 2012. We investigated their treatment procedures for persistent allergic rhinitis in ordinary clinical settings. Their treatment patterns including annual treatment period, frequencies and treatment times were also investigated. Finally, we combined the national insurance covered or out-of-pocket treatments as treatment packages according to the response rates of each contents, and displayed them as treatment protocols for PRCT study. Results : 50 Korean medicine doctors described the informed consent and questionnaire. Response rates of each treatment procedure were listed in Table 2 to Table 5. Treatment periods, frequencies and treatment time of each visit were listed in Table 6. Finally, treatment packages which would be defined for PRCT were listed in Table 7 as treatment package 1(response rates were over 50%), package 2(response rates were over 25%), package 3(response rates were over10%). Conclusion : These results provide the rational background and preliminary sources of defining treatment packages for developing PRCT protocols.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.43-57
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• 2018

Objective : This study's purpose was to review the clinical studies of Socheongryong-Tang. Method : We searched papers about Socheongryong-Tang using KISS, KTKP, PUBMED, Embase, Science Direct, and the key words "Socheongryong-Tang", "Shoseiryuto", "Xiao Qing Long Tang", and "Minor Green-Blue Dragon Decoction" were used. Papers not matched with inclusion criteria were excluded. Until today, there have been 143 studies on the effects of asthma, allergic rhinitis, common cold, eczema and other various effects of Socheongryong-Tang. Of these, 15 were classified as clinical research papers. Results : There were 4 cases of asthma, 2 cases of allergic rhinitis, 2 cases of common cold, 1 case of pneumonia in patients with dementia, 1 case of eczema, 1 case of drug interaction study, 1 case of ephedrine drug removal, 3 cases of side effects causing pneumonia. Conclusion : It can be seen that Socheongryong-Tang has established the basis for application for the purpose of asthma, allergic rhinitis, wind-cold type cold, preventing pneumonia in patients with dementia, dyshidrotic eczema. On the other hand, considering three cases that cause side effects of pneumonia, it is necessary to confirm whether or not the symptoms of pneumonia are certainly progressing when observing the progress of the patient.