• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.101-115
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• 2019

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to analyze the use of herbal medicine as a treatment method in the case studies on warts in Korea, to identify trends in herbal medicines and herbal prescriptions according to the characteristics of individual patients and to systematically analyze concurrent therapies. Methods : Domestic databases (OASIS, RISS, NDSL, KTKP, KISS, KISTI, KISTI) were used to search for case studies related to the herbal medicine treatment of warts. There was no restriction on the time of publication. A total of 9 papers were selected. Results : A total of 13 prescriptions were presented 23 times in 18 cases. Among them, bojungikgi-tang gamibang(補中益氣湯加減方) was the most frequently prescribed. Gwakhyangjeonggi-san gamibang(藿香正氣散加減方) and Damsoeun-tang gagam were the next most frequently prescribed. 69 herbs were used in a total of 13 prescriptions. Herbs were commonly classified as heat-clearing medicine(淸熱藥), exterior-releasing medicine(解表藥), and tonifying and replenishing medicine(補益藥) in descending order. The herbs used more than 6 times included Coicis Semen(薏苡仁), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma(甘草) (10 times), Bupleuri Radix(柴胡), and Scutellariae Radix(黃芩) (6 times). Concurrent therapies were performed except for 1 study, and they were acupuncture, moxibustion, pharmacopuncture, external agents, and cupping therapy. Conclusions : This is the first study to analyze the use of herbal medicine as a treatment method for warts in case studies performed in Korea. We hope that this study would give helpful information about the treatment of warts in clinical practices.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to use an ICF tool in an intervention for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) patients to examine and evaluate the patients' functional problems, measure the results of the intervention, and present the process of preparing proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) intervention strategies, thereby contributing to changes in and development of relevant future clinical practices. Methods: A PNF rehabilitation exercise program using an ICF tool was applied to ACLR patients five times per week for four weeks. To measure the resulting changes, the ICF evaluation display, the visual analog scale (VAS), the manual muscle test (MMT), the range of motion (ROM) test, the Lysholm knee score (LKS), and the muscle endurance test (MET) were used. Results: After the intervention was applied to the ACLR patients, improvements were achieved in all the tests: ICF evaluation display, VAS, MMT, ROM, LKS, and MET. Conclusion: Utilizing the ICF tool, this study identified functional problems of ACLR patients. When the intervention was applied, physical functions improved, and structural damage was reduced, leading to enhanced levels of functional activities such as postural changes, posture maintenance, gait, movements, and movements between different places. The patients were able to complete the teacher training, which was their goal.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.411-420
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a new-nurse education program utilizing both e-learning and instructor demonstration. Methods: From August to December in 2009, the e-learning education program about insulin injection was developed. The control (C) group was educated via instructor demonstration from April 15 to October 6 in 2009, and the experimental (E) group was educated via both e-learning and instructor demonstration from January 5 to October 13 in 2010. After each education, knowledge and educational effectiveness were checked. Results: Satisfaction with the education contents in the E group was significantly higher than those of the C group (Z=-3.72, p<.001), and satisfaction with the education method in the E group was higher than those of the C group (Z=-2.98, p=.003). Usefulness (Z=-3.33, p=.001), application (Z=-2.62, p=.009), and confidence (Z=-2.61, p=.009) in the E group were all higher than those of the C group. 78.9% in the E group reused the e-learning program after the experimental education. Conclusion: Combined educational program with e-learning and instructor demonstration had both merits of online efficiency and face-to-face education. It would be useful especially for new-nurses to improve their nursing skills in accomplishing their roles.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.72-82
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• 2019

Purpose: Despite its clinical benefits, enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is less widely implemented for gastric cancer surgery. This nationwide survey investigated the current status of the implementation of ERAS in perioperative care for gastric cancer surgery in South Korea. Materials and Methods: This survey enrolled 89 gastric surgeons from 52 institutions in South Korea. The questionnaire consisted of 24 questions about the implementation of the ERAS protocols in the management of gastric cancer surgery. The survey was carried out using an electronic form sent via email. Results: Of the 89 gastric surgeons, 58 (65.2%) answered that they have knowledge of the concept and details of ERAS, 45 (50.6%) of whom were currently applying ERAS for their patients. Of the ERAS protocols, preoperative education (91.0%), avoidance of preoperative fasting (68.5%), maintenance of intraoperative normothermia (79.8%), thromboprophylaxis (96.5%), early active ambulation (64.4%), and early removal of urinary catheter (68.5%) were relatively well adopted in perioperative care. However, other practices, such as avoidance of preoperative bowel preparation (41.6%), provision of preoperative carbohydrate-rich drink (10.1%), avoidance of routine abdominal drainage (31.4%), epidural anesthesia (15.9%), single-dose prophylactic antibiotics (19.3%), postoperative high oxygen therapy (36.8%), early postoperative diet (14.6%), restricted intravenous fluid administration (53.9%), and application of discharge criteria (57.3%) were not very well adopted for patients. Conclusions: Perioperative management of gastric cancer surgery is largely heterogeneous among gastric surgeons in South Korea. Standard perioperative care based on scientific evidence needs to be established to improve the quality of surgical care and patient outcomes.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2019

The aim of this study is to analyze the current status and performance evaluation systems of faculty in Korean medical colleges and professional graduate medical schools (called medical schools). We developed a research tool based on previous studies and distributed it to 40 medical schools from July to October 2017. The response rate was 100%. We calculated the number of faculty members and analyzed the faculty evaluation systems and awareness according to national and private medical schools. As of 2017, the number of medical faculty in Korea was 11,111 (4,973 faculty were employed by their alma mater, which is 44.76% of the total), with non-medical doctor faculty accounting for 754 of the total. The medical schools reflect research achievements as most important for re-appointment and screening to promote faculty, and the area of education is secondary excepting clinical faculty of private medical schools. However, important issues in the faculty evaluation deal with the relevance of research achievement and the need for qualitative assessment. Some medical schools revised or have been revising the faculty evaluation system in areas such as minimum standards of education for promotion and separation of promotion and tenure review. Opening non-tenure track lines for faculty show positive effects such as increasing the number of positions for hire and easing the financial burdens of medical schools. Downfalls include inconsistencies between the responsibilities and actual practices of tenure not being available and the instability of faculty's status. In conclusion, medical schools need to prepare a faculty evaluation system that fits the position of faculty members and attempt to establish a reasonable compensation system.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

Objectives The objectives of this study is to investigate the characteristics of Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) pattern identification based on the survey of frequencies of symptoms and signs according to the pediatricians and psychiatrists in Korean Medicine. Methods Eleven pediatricians and fourteen psychiatrists participated in this study. 38 symptoms and signs of 4 ADHD pattern identifications (Kidney yin deficiency and liver yang ascendant hyperactivity 腎虛肝亢, Dual deficiencies in the heart and spleen 心脾兩虛, Phlegm-fire harassing the heart 痰火擾心, Spleen weakness and liver energy preponderance 脾虛肝旺) were used to evaluate the frequencies of ADHD. The differences in frequencies of symptoms and signs amongst ADHD pattern identifications, and the correlations between them were analyzed. Results There were significant differences in the frequencies of symptoms and signs between each pattern identification. Dual Deficiencies in the Heart and Spleen 心脾兩虛 is negatively related with hyperactivity and impulsivity, and positively related with inattention. Phlegm-fire Harassing the Heart 痰火擾心 is positively related with hyperactivity and impulsivity, and negatively related with inattention. Conclusions The results of the characteristics of ADHD pattern identifications from the survey analysis could be used in the clinical practices of ADHD as well as to improve the ADHD pattern identification questionnaire.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.298-315
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• 2021

Purpose: Peri-implantitis therapy and implant maintenance are fundamental practices to enhance the longevity of zirconia implants. However, the use of physical decontamination methods, including hand instruments, polishing devices, ultrasonic scalers, and laser systems, might damage the implant surfaces. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of physical decontamination methods on zirconia implant surfaces. Methods: A systematic search was conducted using 5 electronic databases: Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane. Hand searching of the OpenGrey database, reference lists, and 6 selected dental journals was also performed to identify relevant studies satisfying the eligibility criteria. Results: Overall, 1049 unique studies were identified, of which 11 studies were deemed suitable for final review. Air-abrasive devices with glycine powder, prophylaxis cups, and ultrasonic scalers with non-metal tips were found to cause minimal to no damage to implantgrade zirconia surfaces. However, hand instruments and ultrasonic scalers with metal tips have the potential to cause major damage to zirconia surfaces. In terms of laser systems, diode lasers appear to be the most promising, as no surface alterations were reported following their use. Conclusion: Air-abrasive devices and prophylaxis cups are safe for zirconia implant decontamination due to preservation of the implant surface integrity. In contrast, hand instruments and ultrasonic scalers with metal tips should be used with caution. Recommendations for the use of laser systems could not be fully established due to significant heterogeneity among included studies, but diode lasers may be the best-suited system. Further research-specifically, randomised controlled trials-would further confirm the effects of physical decontamination methods in a clinical setting.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate functional disability for the elderly in rural Korea and to identify influencing factors of functional disability. Methods : The data were collected for 76 community-dwelling elderly in rural area and above 65 years. We assessed cognitive function, functional disability, depression using LACLS, WHODAS 2.0, SGDS-K. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for general characteristics of subjects, Spearman's correlation among LACLS, SGDS-K, WHODAS 2.0, age, educational levels. And multiple regression was used to find influencing factors of functional disability. Results : As a result of this study, we identified that WHODAS 2.0 total score was 50.59, summary score was 9.94 and functional disability of the elderly in rural area is in the 70^th percentile. The highest level of disability occurred in areas related to 'life activities (household)', 'participation in society' and the lowest level of disability occured in areas of 'self-care', 'getting along with people'. Functional disability was significantly correlated with age (r=.398), cognitive function (r=-.547), depression (r=-.563) but not educational levels (r=-.215). Finally, we confirmed that depression (𝛽=.371), cognitive function (𝛽=-.263), widowed status (𝛽=.303), age (𝛽=.272), non-participation of community program (𝛽=.165) was significantly influencing factors of functional disability and the explanatory power of these factors was 52.80 %. Conclusion : This study revealed important factors of functional disability. Therefore, we need to consider these factors when we developed program related to health for the elderly (aged > 65 years) in rural Korea. Further, we need to standardize WHODAS 2.0 in order to enhance its applicability in clinical practices.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.171-180
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• 2021

Currently, hospitals and medical practices have a large amount of unstructured information, gathered in time at each ward or practice by physicians in a wide range of medical branches. The data requires processing in order to be able to extract relevant information, which can be used to improve the medical system. It is useful for a physician to have access to a patient's entire medical history when he or she is in an emergency situation, as relevant information can be found about the patient's problems such as: allergies to various medications, personal history, or hereditary collateral conditions etc. If the information exists in a structured form, the detection of diseases based on specific symptoms is much easier, faster and with a higher degree of accuracy. Thus, physicians may investigate certain pathological profiles and conduct cohort clinical trials, including comparing the profile of a particular patient with other similar profiles that already have a confirmed diagnosis. Involving information technology in this field will change so the time which the physicians should spend in front of the computer into a much more beneficial one, providing them with the possibility for more interaction with the patient while listening to the patient's needs. The expert system, described in the paper, is an application for medical diagnostic of the most frequently met conditions, based on logical programming and on the theory of probabilities. The system rationale is a search item in the field basic knowledge on the condition. The web application described in the paper is implemented for the ward of pathological anatomy of a hospital in Romania. It aims to ease the healthcare staff's work, to create a connection of communication at one click between the necessary wards and to reduce the time lost with bureaucratic proceedings. The software (made in PHP programming language, by writing directly in the source code) is developed in order to ease the healthcare staff's activity, being created in a simpler and as elegant way as possible.

• Infection and chemotherapy
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.319-327
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• 2018

Background: Lancet-related needlestick injuries (NSIs) occur steadily in clinical practices. Safety-engineered devices (SEDs) can systematically reduce NSIs. However, the use of SEDs is not active and no study to guide the implementation of SEDs was known in South Korea. The lancet-related NSIs may be eliminated to zero incidence using a SED lancet with effective sharp injury protection and reuse prevention features. Materials and Methods: We implemented a SED lancet by replacing a conventional prick lancet in a tertiary hospital in a sequential approach. A spot test of the new SED was conducted for 1 month to check the acceptability in practice and a questionnaire survey was obtained from the healthcare workers (HCWs). A pilot implementation of the SED lancet in 2 wards was made for 1 year. Based on these preliminary interventions, a hospital-wide full implementation of the SED lancet was launched. The incidence of NSIs and cost expenditure before and after the intervention were compared. Results: There were 29 cases of conventional prick lancet-related NSIs for 3 years before the full implementation of SED lancet. The proportion of prick lancet-related NSIs among yearly all kinds of NSIs during two years before the pilot study was average 11.7% (22/188). Pre-interventional baseline incidence of all kinds of NSIs was 7.01 per 100 HCW-years. After the full implementation of SED lancet, the lancet-related NSIs became zero in the 2nd year (P = 0.001). The average direct cost of 18,393 US dollars (USD) per year from device and post-exposure medical care before the intervention rose to 20,701 USD in the 2nd year of the intervention. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 210 USD per injury avoided. Conclusion: The implementation of a SED lancet could eliminate the lancet-related NSIs to zero incidence. The cost increase incurred by the use of SED lancet was tolerable.